MINING GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN 1968

Geophysics ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-858
Author(s):  
Peter J. Hood ◽  
William C. Kellog
Keyword(s):  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Induced Polarization ◽  
Magnetic Method ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electromagnetic Methods ◽  
Airborne Electromagnetic ◽  
Mining Exploration

Data on worldwide geophysical activity in mining exploration programs is collected annually by the SEG Geophysical Activity Committee as part of a continuing service to the industry. The data are obtained by sending out questionnaires to all organizations which are known to be carrying out mining geophysical work; the organizations canvassed include mining companies, contractors, government departments, and universities. The questionnaire is divided into three sections, namely ground methods, airborne methods, and research. The data compiled from the questionnaires shows that world‐wide utilization of mining geophysical methods reached a new high in 1968 with total expenditures of U.S. $41,367,011. This was divided as follows: ground methods—$20,398,288; airborne methods—$14,937,733, and research—$6,039,990. For the ground methods, most money was spent on induced‐polarization techniques ($6,735,315); geochemical methods were second in reported expenditure ($3,437,712). The statistics for the past seven years show that induced‐polarization methods have gradually outstripped the electromagnetic methods as the principal ground prospecting tools used in the search for sulfides. Since 1966, utilization of ground electromagnetic methods has definitely declined and in 1968 more than four times as much money was spent on induced polarization as on electromagnetic methods. The expenditure for mining geophysics research reached a new high of $6,039,990 in 1968 which is an increase of 48 percent from 1967. The leading research activity was the magnetic method, and in second place was electromagnetic method research. The amount of money spent on mining geophysics research increased by 54 percent in the United States, and significant increases also occurred in Canada and Europe. In 1968, the total reported geophysical line‐mileage flown was 1,575,835 line‐miles, with aeromagnetic surveying again accounting for most line‐mileage (837,068). Typical line‐mileage costs in 1968 for the various airborne geophysical methods were: aeromagnetic U. S. $6.75; airborne electromagnetic U. S. $16; combined airborne electromagnetic/magnetic U. S. $24; airborne radiometric U. S. $7. Airborne radiometric line‐mileage showed a nine‐fold jump from 1967 to 1968, when the reported line‐mileage was 400,559

GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN 1967 APPLIED TO MINING EXPLORATION

Geophysics ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Hood ◽  
William C. Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Average Cost ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Induced Polarization ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Electromagnetic Methods ◽  
Polarization Technique ◽  
Mining Exploration

Data on world‐wide geophysical activity in mining exploration programs is collected annually by the SEG Geophysical Activity Committee as part of a continuing service to the industry. The data is obtained by sending out questionnaires to all organizations which are known to be carrying out mining geophysical work; the organizations canvassed include mining companies, contractors, government departments and universities. The questionnaire is divided into three sections, namely ground methods, airborne methods, and research. The data compiled from the questionnaires shows that world‐wide utilization of mining geophysical methods reached a new high in 1967 with total expenditures of U.S. $32,323,240. This was divided as follows: ground methods—$18,106,785; airborne methods—$10,123,405; and research $4,093,050. For the ground methods, most money was spent on the induced‐polarization technique ($5,681,780); electromagnetic methods were second in reported expenditure ($2,010,900). Total reported geophysical line‐mileage flown was 1,275,072 line‐miles, with aeromagnetic surveying being the most popular airborne method. Total amount spent on aeromagnetic surveys was $5,832,564 for 895,420 line‐miles. This gives an average cost for aeromagnetic surveys of $6.50 per line‐mile.

GEOPHYSICS IN CANADA—ABSTRACT

Geophysics ◽  
1942 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
L. I. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
The Past

Geophysical methods applied to oil exploration have been used in Canada shortly after their introduction in the United States. Apparently the brevity of each survey by any method precluded any particular success. Unfortunately their first application was to areas in which no great success has been attained since. Within the past five years, however, due to the introduction of the gravity meter and the improvement in reflection seismograph methods and instruments, Canada is well along in its exploration with geophysics.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Review on Chemistry Education: Bodies of Research, 1980-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Sarifah Fauziah Syed Draman ◽  
Norzila Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intellectual Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Research Types

Abstract: Over the four decades, there has been sustained research activity in chemistry education. However, in terms of bodies of research, only a few different views were recorded.  Thus, this study aimed to examine the trend bodies of research on chemistry education over the past 40 years (1980-2020) by using bibliometric analysis.  Data based was collected from Scopus-indexed documents based on the 'title' search results.  A total of 1041 finalized documents from various research types were used for further analysis. Two software (Harzing Perish and VOSviewer) were used to complete the bibliometric review using standard bibliometric indicators. This study found 12 types of documents published is related to chemistry education. 57 % of the total publications are from articles. The highest source type is journals (81%). Then, the growth of the related publications has risen gradually. English is the top language used in publications. The United States is ranked first in productivity published documents when an analysis by country is done.  Citation analysis results can identify key authors and documents that designed the progress of this review. This analysis is used to determine the intellectual structure of the chemistry education knowledge base.  In conclusion, this review delivers a better understanding of the development trends in chemistry education bodies of research over the past 40 years. Furthermore, the review result can also offer a reference for future research.   Keywords: Chemistry education, Citations count, Scopus, Trend, VOSviewer

scholarly journals Research Inefficiency in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Findings of a Systematic Review on Research Activity Over the Past 20 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver D. Mowforth ◽  
Benjamin M. Davies ◽  
Samuel Goh ◽  
Cormac P. O’Neill ◽  
Mark R. N. Kotter
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Study Design: Scoping review. Objective: To describe activity, themes and trends in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) research over the past 20 years with a view to considering DCM research inefficiency. Methods: A systematic review of MEDLINE and Embase for “Cervical” AND ”Myelopathy” was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Full-text papers in English, exclusively studying DCM, published between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2015 were considered eligible. Country of origin, number of papers published, number of patients studied, research theme, and year of publication were assessed. Comparison was made between developed and developing countries. Results: A total of 1485 papers and 4 117 051 patients were included. Japan published more papers (450) than any other country while the United States studied the greatest number of patients (3 674 737). Over 99.4% of papers and 78.6% of patients were from developed countries. The number of papers ( r = 0.96, P < .001) and patients ( r = 0.83 P < .001) studied each year increased significantly overall and for both developed ( r = 0.93, P < .001; r = 0.81, P < .001) and developing countries ( r = 0.90, P < .001; r = 0.87, P < .001). Surgery was the most prevalent theme (58.3% papers; 55.7% patients) for developed and developing countries. Research from developing countries showed greater thematic variability. Conclusions: DCM research activity is increasing internationally, with surgery remaining the focus. Research output has predominantly been from developed countries; however, the rate of growth for developed and developing countries is comparable.

scholarly journals Lost in Translation: The Promise and Problems of the Globalization of Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Steven L. Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Lost In Translation

The purpose of this article is to consider the promise and problems of the globalization of research for nurses and other healthcare professionals. Over the past decade, there has been an impressive increase in research activity in many regions of the world, such as in several of the Asian countries. This increasing capacity to conduct research and create innovations has great promise for shared health, prosperity, and well-being, but it also has some significant problems and limitations that are often not reported. One area of research that has drawn considerable international research attention is aging and longevity. In the United States, there is much to learn from the work of international colleagues in terms of clinical application; it is unclear how generalizable the findings are or, in other words, what may be lost in translation.

International Research and Variation in Views of Ethnicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ella Inglebret ◽  
Amy Skinder-Meredith ◽  
Shana Bailey ◽  
Carla Jones ◽  
Ashley France
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classification System ◽  
International Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Publication Patterns

The authors in this article first identify the extent to which research articles published in three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) journals included participants, age birth to 18 years, from international backgrounds (i.e., residence outside of the United States), and go on to describe associated publication patterns over the past 12 years. These patterns then provide a context for examining variation in the conceptualization of ethnicity on an international scale. Further, the authors examine terminology and categories used by 11 countries where research participants resided. Each country uses a unique classification system. Thus, it can be expected that descriptions of the ethnic characteristics of international participants involved in research published in ASHA journal articles will widely vary.

Proportion of Individuals With Past-Year Suicidal Ideation Who Attempted Suicide Over the Past 10 Years in the United States, and the Influence of Age and Sex

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Courtney Bagge ◽  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Category

Abstract. Background: In recent years, the rate of death by suicide has been increasing disproportionately among females and young adults in the United States. Presumably this trend has been mirrored by the proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. Aim: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of individuals in the United States with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide differed by age and/or sex, and whether this proportion has increased over time. Method: Individual-level data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2008–2017, were used to estimate the year-, age category-, and sex-specific proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. We then determined whether this proportion differed by age category, sex, and across years using random-effects meta-regression. Overall, age category- and sex-specific proportions across survey years were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: Although the proportion was found to be significantly higher among females and those aged 18–25 years, it had not significantly increased over the past 10 years. Limitations: Data were self-reported and restricted to past-year suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: The increase in the death by suicide rate in the United States over the past 10 years was not mirrored by the proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide during this period.

EDITORIAL: Migration and competitiveness: Japan and the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Past Half

Japan and the United States, the world’s largest economies for most of the past half century, have very different immigration policies. Japan is the G7 economy most closed to immigrants, while the United States is the large economy most open to immigrants. Both Japan and the United States are debating how immigrants are and can con-tribute to the competitiveness of their economies in the 21st centuries. The papers in this special issue review the employment of and impacts of immigrants in some of the key sectors of the Japanese and US economies, including agriculture, health care, science and engineering, and construction and manufacturing. For example, in Japanese agriculture migrant trainees are a fixed cost to farmers during the three years they are in Japan, while US farmers who hire mostly unauthorized migrants hire and lay off workers as needed, making labour a variable cost.

Democratic Legitimacy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Rosanvallon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
International Debate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Democratic Authority ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Western Democracies

It's a commonplace occurrence that citizens in Western democracies are disaffected with their political leaders and traditional democratic institutions. But this book argues that this crisis of confidence is partly a crisis of understanding. The book makes the case that the sources of democratic legitimacy have shifted and multiplied over the past thirty years and that we need to comprehend and make better use of these new sources of legitimacy in order to strengthen our political self-belief and commitment to democracy. Drawing on examples from France and the United States, the book notes that there has been a major expansion of independent commissions, NGOs, regulatory authorities, and watchdogs in recent decades. At the same time, constitutional courts have become more willing and able to challenge legislatures. These institutional developments, which serve the democratic values of impartiality and reflexivity, have been accompanied by a new attentiveness to what the book calls the value of proximity, as governing structures have sought to find new spaces for minorities, the particular, and the local. To improve our democracies, we need to use these new sources of legitimacy more effectively and we need to incorporate them into our accounts of democratic government. This book is an original contribution to the vigorous international debate about democratic authority and legitimacy.

The Riddle of a Common History

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Tenorio-Trillo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Textbooks ◽  
Recent History ◽  
History Textbook ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Constant Part ◽  
Intrinsic Component

By identifying two general issues in recent history textbook controversies worldwide (oblivion and inclusion), this article examines understandings of the United States in Mexico's history textbooks (especially those of 1992) as a means to test the limits of historical imagining between U. S. and Mexican historiographies. Drawing lessons from recent European and Indian historiographical debates, the article argues that many of the historical clashes between the nationalist historiographies of Mexico and the United States could be taught as series of unsolved enigmas, ironies, and contradictions in the midst of a central enigma: the persistence of two nationalist historiographies incapable of contemplating their common ground. The article maintains that lo mexicano has been a constant part of the past and present of the US, and lo gringo an intrinsic component of Mexico's history. The di erences in their historical tracks have been made into monumental ontological oppositions, which are in fact two tracks—often overlapping—of the same and shared con ictual and complex experience.

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