GAMMA‐RAY SPECTROSCOPY IN WELL LOGGING

Geophysics ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Caldwell ◽  
Willett F. Baldwin ◽  
James D. Bargainer ◽  
James E. Berry ◽  
George N. Salaita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Pulse Height ◽  
Energy Calibration ◽  
Good Energy Resolution ◽  
Scintillation Crystal ◽  
Natural Gamma ◽  
Good Energy

Thermal neutron capture gamma rays have been observed in boreholes drilled in shales, sandstones, and limestones. A capsuled source of neutrons and a scintillation crystal detector, connected through 5,000 ft of logging cable to a transistorized, multichannel, pulse‐height analyzer, were used. Resolved peaks were identified on the basis of the known energies of expected gamma rays and results obtained in models where conditions of porosity, casing, and fluid were controlled. To properly interpret borehole spectral data a system with good energy resolution and an accurate means of energy calibration are necessary. This is accomplished by using hydrogen and iron to give prominent gamma‐ray peaks at opposite ends of the energy range of interest. On field spectra, identification was made of gamma rays from chlorine, silicon, calcium, hydrogen, and iron. On the basis of chlorine gamma rays, salt water can be differentiated from oil or fresh water. Gamma rays from iron casing are an undesirable background and reduce the sensitivity of the method compared to that possible in an uncased hole. Two examples of natural gamma‐ray spectra show well resolved lines from uranium‐radium and thorium.

scholarly journals Partial and total thermal neutron capture cross sections for non-destructive assay and transmutation monitoring of 99Tc

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Molnár ◽  
T. Belgya ◽  
Zs. Révay ◽  
Syed M. Qaim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cold Neutron ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Radioactive Product ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Decay Gamma ◽  
Capture Cross Sections

SummaryAccurate partial gamma-ray production cross sections were determined for the prompt and radioactive product decay gamma rays following cold neutron capture in

Testing Research of Slurry Water Concentration Based on Natural Gamma-Ray Attenuation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
Cheng Lian Zhang ◽  
Yu Ming Xia ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Ya Nan Tu ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Sand Beach ◽  
Reliable Criterion ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Natural Gamma ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation ◽  
Made In

The slurry water concentration measurement device based on the natural gamma-rays attenuation method was designed in this paper; this natural gamma-ray is taken from a special kind of sand beach, which contains thorium. A number of experiments were made in the laboratory. The natural gamma-rays attenuation rules were obtained when it passing through the different concentration of the slurry water. The attenuation rules of natural gamma-ray passing through different concentration of slurry water were proved in theory and in tests. This provides reliable criterion for design of slurry water concentration detector.

Comparative Studies of the Light Yield Non-Proportionality and Energy Resolution of CsI(Tl), LYSO and BGO Scintillation Crystals

2016 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Pruittipol Limkitjaroenporn ◽  
Narong Sangwaranatee ◽  
Wuttichai Chaiphaksa ◽  
Jakrapong Kaewkhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Good Energy Resolution ◽  
Intrinsic Resolution ◽  
Scintillation Crystals ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Better Than

This article, for comparison, the non-proportionality of light yield and energy resolution of BGO, LYSO and CsI(Tl) scintillators couple to the R1306 PMT readouts were investigated. At 662 keV from 137Cs source, the good energy resolution of 7.13% for CsI(Tl) superior than LYSO and BGO scintillators. The energy resolution on gamma-ray energy was also evaluated to expose the scintillator intrinsic resolution parameters. For non-proportionality of light yield, the study showed a light yield non-proportionality 0.35% of LYSO, the value is better than 4.82 % for CsI(Tl) and 1.53 % of BGO scintillators.

Scintillation Properties of Ce-Doped LuYAP Crystal for Gamma Ray Detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Akapong Phunpueok ◽  
Voranuch Thongpool ◽  
Weerapong Chewpraditkul
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Stopping Power ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Photon Yield ◽  
Good Energy Resolution ◽  
Intrinsic Resolution ◽  
Good Energy

In the present day, inorganic scintillating crystals become a main part in detection and spectroscopy of nuclear particles and high energy photons, more spectively in X/g-ray imaging. The good properties for the scintillating crystals used in these applications require high photon yield, high stopping power, good energy resolution, good light yield proportionality, and minimal afterglow. The main useful of Ce-doped Lu0.7Y0.3AlO3 (LuYAP(Ce)) are high stopping power and non-hygroscopic which are expected to be key ingredients for medical imaging. In this work, we studied the light yield non-proportionality and energy resolution of LuYAP(Ce) crystal with the energy range from 31 to 1,274.5 keV using photomultiplier tube (PMT) readout. The intrinsic resolution of the LuYAP(Ce) crystal has been determined after correcting the measured PMT resolution. The results showed that the non-proportional response of the crystals was strongly correlated with the intrinsic resolution of the crystals.

Comparison of Scintillation Light Yield of CWO and BGO Single Crystals for Gamma Ray Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Akapong Phunpueok ◽  
Voranuch Thongpool ◽  
Sarawut Jaiyen ◽  
Hua Shu Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Stopping Power ◽  
Good Energy Resolution ◽  
Scintillation Light ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Good Energy

Nowadays, radioactive materials are being applied in medical imaging. Because humans cannot observe radiation, radiation detection materials are very important to humans. A scintillator is a material that can change gamma photons to visible photons. Good scintillators should have the following properties: high scintillation light yield, good energy resolution, and high density. In this work, the scintillation light yield property of CWO crystals was studied due to its interesting properties, such as high stopping power and low hygroscopicity. CWO crystals were compared with BGO crystals. From the results, it was found that the BGO crystals showed higher scintillation light yield value at 662 keV energy from 137Cs radioactive source than the CWO crystals, resulting in better energy resolution value. The intrinsic light yield and loss parameters for both crystals are also presented in this work.

A STUDY OF THE GAMMA RADIATION FOLLOWING NEUTRON CAPTURE IN COPPER

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 2395-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Colenbrander ◽  
T. J. Kennett
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Copper Target ◽  
Coincidence Measurements

The neutron capture gamma-ray spectrum for a natural copper target has been investigated using a Ge(Li) spectrometer. A total of 146 gamma rays were observed, of which about half have been isotopically assigned. Assignment was achieved through the use of coincidence measurements and (d, p) results. The neutron separation energies were found to be 7 914(3) and 7 063(3) keV for 64Cu and 66Cu respectively. The 66Cu gamma-ray transition to low-lying states exhibit exceptionally large radiation widths in a manner similar to the corresponding anomaly in 64Cu.

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray Lines from Solar Flares

1975 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 363-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ramaty ◽  
R. E. Lingenfelter
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Production ◽  
Absolute Intensities ◽  
Flare Region ◽  
Accelerated Particles

We have treated in detail the theory of gamma-ray line production in solar flares. The strongest line, both predicted theoretically and detected observationally at 2.2 MeV, is due to neutron capture by protons in the photosphere. The neutrons are produced in nuclear reactions of flare accelerated particles which also produce positrons and prompt nuclear gamma rays. From the comparison of the observed and calculated intensities of the lines at 4.4 or 6.1 MeV to that of the 2.2 MeV line it is possible to deduce the spectrum of accelerated nuclei in the flare region; and from the absolute intensities of these lines it is possible to obtain the total number of accelerated nuclei at the Sun. The study of the 2.2 MeV line also gives information on the amount of He3 in the photosphere. The study of the line at 0.51 MeV resulting from positron annihilation complements the data obtained from the other lines; in addition it gives information on the temperature and density in the annihilation region and on the anisotropy of the accelerated electron beam which produces continuum gamma rays at energies greater than about 1 MeV.

Gamma-ray line investigations with the Durham y-ray spectrometer

1981 ◽  
Vol 301 (1462) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Seyfert Galaxies ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Good Energy Resolution ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Balloon Experiments

The study of y-ray lines of astrophysical origin has become more interesting with the introduction of cooled solid state detectors having a very good energy resolution, 1-2 keV at 100 keV, and ca. 2-3 keV around 1 MeV. Some of the single crystal spectrometers currently in use in y-ray astronomy are capable of detecting lines with intensities 3 x 10 -3 ph cm -2 s -1 when used on balloon experiments. This is close to the y-ray intensities predicted from some celestial y-ray sources. Knowing the y-ray background precisely and with a reasonable although lengthy observation time it should be possible to detect lines from candidate celestial sources, for example neutron stars, Seyfert galaxies or the galactic centre.

Salt Water Chlorine Ion Determination By Neutron-Capture Gamma Rays

1971 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER F. WIGGINS ◽  
MIDSHIPMAN KARL J. ATHOW
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Chlorine Ion
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