A brief history of regional seismic arrays with emphasis on SEG’s role in the VELA‐UNIFORM, nuclear‐test detection: A summary

Herbert Robertson

doi:10.1190/1.1437669

Ideational Understanding of the Indo-Pakistan Nuclear Rivalry

Advances in Digital Crime, Forensics, and Cyber Terrorism - Intelligence and Law Enforcement in the 21st Century ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-7904-6.ch007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112-133

Author(s):

Kasuni Ishara Ranasinghe

Keyword(s):

Psychological Theory ◽

Identity Crisis ◽

Nuclear Test ◽

Religious Groups ◽

Social Actions ◽

History Of

Most of the existing discussions of the nuclear ambitions of states have neglected hidden ideational factors of nuclearisation. This chapter attempts to fill this gap by analyzing prevailing literature on the Indo-Pakistan nuclear rivalry. India and Pakistan have had a history of conflict with each other since the partition in 1947. The conflict is based on divisions of two religious groups, Hindus and Muslims, and extended to an identity crisis which later turned to a bilateral conflict between two nations. The nuclear test in 1974 diverted the conflict into a novel dimension. The study conceptualizes the factors of nuclear ambitions (material and ideational) of two nations using the model of the iceberg. A constructive psychological theory to analyze the moral orders of social actions and duties of participants to act in certain issues is given. Constructivism is used as the foundation of the proposed ideational framework.

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Amchitka Island, Alaska: moving towards long term stewardship

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s003224740800795x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 133-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Benning ◽

David L. Barnes ◽

Joanna Burger ◽

John J. Kelley

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Atomic Energy Commission ◽

Test Site ◽

The United States ◽

Nuclear Test ◽

Department Of Energy ◽

Future Research ◽

Ecological Health ◽

History Of

ABSTRACTAmchitka Island, Alaska, is a historical underground nuclear test site. Three underground tests were conducted there by the United States Atomic Energy Commission, now US Department of Energy (USDOE), between 1965 and 1971. These were Long Shot, an 80 kiloton detonation; Milrow, a 1 megaton detonation; and Cannikin, a 5 megaton detonation. Subsequent to these tests, several scientific assessments have been conducted regarding the impacts of the tests on the terrestrial and marine environments surrounding the island. However, many citizens and groups still voice concerns over the potential for detrimental effects on human and ecological health. In its responsibility for the long term protection of human and ecological health consequent to its nuclear programme, USDOE has recently prepared a plan for the long term surveillance and monitoring of the site. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the history of the island, specifically with regards to its use as a nuclear test site, to summarise the results of investigative activities following testing, to summarise USDOE's plan for surveillance and monitoring, and to offer the authors' viewpoints on the long term stewardship of the island. The authors deemed the stewardship plan to be essentially protective of human and ecological health; however, they recommend a stronger commitment to site oversight and review, as well as to future research, for addressing uncertainties remaining at the island.

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Part II Predominant Security Challenges and International Law, International Security, Ch.18 Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament under International Law

The Oxford Handbook of the International Law of Global Security ◽

10.1093/law/9780198827276.003.0019 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Asada Masahiko

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Nuclear Weapons ◽

International Security ◽

Nuclear Reactors ◽

Nuclear Material ◽

Nuclear Test ◽

Security Challenges ◽

History Of ◽

Test Ban ◽

Test Ban Treaty

This chapter traces the history of attempts and achievements in regulating the use of nuclear energy and material, focusing on nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. Ever since its invention, the nuclear weapon has occupied a special place in the global security order, both militarily and politically, due to its extraordinary destructive power. This picture is further complicated by the fact that nuclear material has both military and civilian uses. Civilian use of nuclear material includes generating electricity through nuclear reactors. Nuclear material also has medical, agricultural, and other peaceful applications, such as its use in the treatment of cancer. The chapter assesses in detail such treaties as the Partial Test Ban Treaty, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. It also looks at the current challenges involving the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and Iran.

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