scholarly journals The Influence of Oxidative Stress on Symptom Occurrence, Severity, and Distress During Childhood Leukemia Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. E238-E247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn J. Hockenberry ◽  
Olga A. Taylor ◽  
Alice Pasvogel ◽  
Cheryl Rodgers ◽  
Kathy McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Treatment

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Cobalt Deficiency in Acute Childhood Leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses O Akiibinu ◽  
Bashiru S Oseni ◽  
Adekunle A Adesiyan ◽  
Susanah O Akiibinu ◽  
John I Anetor
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Cobalt Deficiency

Parental Experiences of Childhood Leukemia Treatment in Indonesia

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 738-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Mostert ◽  
Mei N. Sitaresmi ◽  
Chad M. Gundy ◽  
Sutaryo ◽  
Anjo J. P. Veerman
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Parental Experiences ◽  
Leukemia Treatment

scholarly journals Brain Development and Heart Function after Systemic Single-Agent Chemotherapy in a Mouse Model of Childhood Leukemia Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 6040-6052 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Leigh Spencer Noakes ◽  
Thomas S. Przybycien ◽  
Amanda Forwell ◽  
Connor Nicholls ◽  
Yu-Qing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Leukemia Treatment ◽  
Single Agent Chemotherapy

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Fields, Oxidative Stress, and Neurodegeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Consales ◽  
Caterina Merla ◽  
Carmela Marino ◽  
Barbara Benassi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Data Uncertainty ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Great Debate ◽  
Increased Risk

Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) originating both from both natural and manmade sources permeate our environment. As people are continuously exposed to EMFs in everyday life, it is a matter of great debate whether they can be harmful to human health. On the basis of two decades of epidemiological studies, an increased risk for childhood leukemia associated with Extremely Low Frequency fields has been consistently assessed, inducing the International Agency for Research on Cancer to insert them in the 2B section of carcinogens in 2001. EMFs interaction with biological systems may cause oxidative stress under certain circumstances. Since free radicals are essential for brain physiological processes and pathological degeneration, research focusing on the possible influence of the EMFs-driven oxidative stress is still in progress, especially in the light of recent studies suggesting that EMFs may contribute to the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders. This review synthesizes the emerging evidences about this topic, highlighting the wide data uncertainty that still characterizes the EMFs effect on oxidative stress modulation, as both pro-oxidant and neuroprotective effects have been documented. Care should be taken to avoid methodological limitations and to determine the patho-physiological relevance of any alteration found in EMFs-exposed biological system.

scholarly journals Influence of Nitrosative Stress on Fatigue During Childhood Leukemia Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn J. Hockenberry ◽  
Ida M. (Ki) Moore ◽  
Michael E. Scheurer ◽  
Mary C. Hooke ◽  
Olga A. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Leukemia Treatment

The focus on a cure for childhood leukemia over the last three decades has resulted in survival rates of more than 80%. However, efforts to manage leukemia-treatment symptoms have not kept pace with new therapies. Symptom toxicity during treatment can result in complications, treatment delays, and therapy dose reductions. Compromise in therapy can negatively influence the quality of life and, even more notably, jeopardize chances for long-term survival. This study examined biologic mechanisms that influence fatigue caused by increased reactive oxidative species (ROS) or actual failure of the antioxidant defense system due to genetic variation by investigating reactive nitrosative species, a “downstream” consequence of ROS. The specific aims of this study were to characterize the trajectory of nitrosative stress during acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment and evaluate the influence of nitrosative stress on fatigue. A repeated measures design was used to evaluate the fatigue experienced by 186 children and adolescents, 3–18 years of age, with a diagnosis of leukemia during the most intense phase of treatment. An established biomarker of nitrosative stress, protein 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) residues in the cerebral spinal fluid, was evaluated at diagnosis, postinduction, and consolidation phases of treatment. Higher fatigue was associated with higher 3NT levels at the beginning of treatment. Two distinct groups of children experienced either consistently high or consistently low 3NT levels across the treatment trajectory, from diagnosis to 12 months postinduction. Findings from this study support continued exploration into the phenotypic biochemical mechanisms that influence a reactive response to childhood cancer treatment.

Investigating Drug Resistance In Leukemia Initiating Cell Populations.

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 1570-1570
Author(s):  
Paraskevi Diamanti ◽  
Charlotte Victoria Cox ◽  
Allison Blair
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Nsg Mice ◽  
Cd34 Cells

Abstract Abstract 1570 Outcomes for childhood leukemia have improved significantly in recent years with remission rates of over 98% and reported cure rates of 80% for standard risk cases. However, 20% of patients relapse due to failure to eradicate the disease. Further improvement in outcomes will require a better understanding of the biology of this malignancy and the mechanisms of drug resistance. Evidence that several leukemia subpopulations can initiate and maintain this disease in xenograft models and that some of these subpopulations are resistant to current therapeutic agents suggests that relapse may arise from these cells. Parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone compound, has been shown to cause apoptosis in malignant cells by inducing oxidative stress and by inhibiting NF-κB mediated cell survival. In this investigation we have assessed the effects of PTL on leukemia subpopulations in a cohort of childhood ALL cases from mixed prognostic subgroups. Cells from 15 B-ALL cases were stained with antibodies against CD34 and CD19, while CD34 and CD7 were used for 7 T-ALL cases. Cells were then sorted based on expression or lack of expression of the antibody combinations. Unsorted cells and the 4 sorted subpopulations from each type of leukemia were treated with 7.5 and 10 μM PTL for 18–24 hours. The effect of PTL on viability was studied by flow cytometry using Annexin V and Propidium iodide. In B-ALL cases, the CD34+/CD19- population was the least affected with 89.1±6.9% cells surviving PTL treatment. This was significantly higher than the unsorted cells and the other sorted populations (<53%; P<0.01). Most of the T-ALL cases (6/7) were classed as high risk by MRD analyses at day 28. Despite this, unsorted T-ALL cells were more responsive to PTL with only 29.7±12.8% surviving treatment. The CD34+/CD7- population was the least affected (59.9±13.3% viable cells). The functional capacity of the PTL treated unsorted cells and sorted populations was also assessed in vivo. NOD/SCID IL2Rγ null (NSG) mice were inoculated with untreated or PTL treated cells and the levels of engraftment after 10 weeks were compared. The results to date indicate that PTL treatment prevented engraftment of unsorted ALL cells. Mean engraftment levels of 65±20% CD45+ (range 29–99%) were observed using untreated cells while there was no detectable human cell engraftment with the PTL treated cells. This suggests PTL is more effective on unsorted ALL cells than the data from the short term apoptosis assays indicated. Engraftment was achieved using CD34- cells from 3 cases (73±29%, range 40–96%). However, no engraftment was observed when CD34- cells were treated with PTL. In contrast, the levels of engraftment observed with PTL treated CD34+/CD19- B-ALL cells were similar to or greater than those observed with the untreated counterparts (95±8% and 64±9% CD45+ respectively, P≤0.07). The levels of engraftment observed with CD34+/CD7- T-ALL cells were reduced with PTL treatment from 67±21% to 12±9% CD45+ (P≤0.03) but not eliminated. Subsequently, we investigated the mechanisms for this apparent resistance to PTL in the primitive cell populations. PTL has been associated with induction of oxidative stress, activation of p53 and inhibition of NF-κB in AML and CLL. We used confocal microscopy to investigate whether NF-κB is constitutively expressed in ALL cases and to evaluate the effect of PTL on the phosphorylation of NF-κB. Three B-ALL and 3 T-ALL cases, where the unsorted populations had been affected by PTL while the respective CD34+/CD19- and CD34+/CD7- populations were more resistant, were investigated. Cells were stained with anti-phospho-p65 polyclonal antibody and Alexa fluor 488. NF-κB was constitutively activated in all cases. There was evidence of decreased phosphorylation in unsorted PTL treated cells indicating inhibition of NF-κB. However, in the phenotypically primitive cells there was no difference in the phosphorylation levels compared to untreated cells or phosphorylation was increased. This suggests NF-κB was not inhibited, which could explain the observed resistance of these leukemia populations to PTL. These data demonstrate that some leukemia initiating cell populations in childhood B-ALL and T-ALL are resistant to PTL. A more thorough understanding of these leukemia initiating cell populations and their mechanisms of resistance will be required for the development of more effective therapies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Long-Term Risk of Hospitalization Among Five-Year Survivors of Childhood Leukemia in the Nordic Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (9) ◽  
pp. 943-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitte Vrelits Sørensen ◽  
Jeanette Falck Winther ◽  
Sofie de Fine Licht ◽  
Klaus Kaa Andersen ◽  
Anna Sällfors Holmqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Population Comparisons ◽  
Leukemia Treatment

Abstract Background Adverse effects from childhood leukemia treatment may persist or present years after cure from cancer. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of subsequent hospitalization in five-year survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Methods In the Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia Study, we identified 4003 five-year survivors diagnosed with childhood leukemia 1970–2008 in Denmark, Sweden, Iceland, and Finland. Survivors and 129 828 population comparisons were followed for first-time nonpsychiatric hospitalizations for 120 disease categories in the hospital registries. Standardized hospitalization rate ratios and absolute excess rates were calculated. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Survivors of ALL (n = 3391), AML (n = 389), and CML (n = 92) had an increased overall hospitalization rate compared with population comparisons. The rate ratio for any hospitalization was 1.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.83 to 2.07) in ALL, 3.09 (95% CI = 2.53 to 3.65) in AML, and 4.51 (95% CI = 3.03 to 6.00) in CML survivors and remained increased even 20 years from leukemia diagnosis. Corresponding absolute excess rates per 1000 person-years were 28.48 (95% CI = 24.96 to 32.00), 62.75 (95% CI = 46.00 to 79.50), and 105.31 (95% CI = 60.90 to 149.72). Conclusion Leukemia survivors have an increased rate of hospitalization for medical conditions. We provide novel insight into the relative and absolute rate of hospitalization for 120 disease categories in survivors of ALL, AML, and CML, which are likely to be informative for both survivors and healthcare providers.

Scholastic Achievements of Childhood Leukemia Patients: A Nationwide, Register-Based Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 3518-3524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arja H. Harila-Saari ◽  
Päivi M. Lähteenmäki ◽  
Eero Pukkala ◽  
Pentti Kyyrönen ◽  
Marjatta Lanning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Scholastic Achievement ◽  
Grade School ◽  
Leukemia Treatment ◽  
Before School

Purpose Studies concerning the scholastic achievement of survivors of childhood leukemia have yielded controversial results. We studied the school marks of childhood leukemia survivors in a register-based study. Patients and Methods Three hundred seventy-one patients with a diagnosis of leukemia before the age of 16 years who were born between 1974 and 1986 and alive on their 16th birthday were identified from the Finnish Cancer Registry. Five matched controls were sought for each patient from the Population Register Center of Finland. Information on the ninth-grade school report was obtained from Statistics Finland. The overall mark average and the marks (scale 4 to 10) for mother tongue, foreign language, mathematics, and physical education were compared between the patients and controls. Results The ninth-grade school report was obtained by 97.6% of the patients and 98.5% of the controls. The patients whose treatment included cranial irradiation had a lower overall mark average (mean difference, −0.24; 95% CI, −0.33 to −0.15) and lower marks for all assessed school subjects compared with their controls. Of the patients treated with chemotherapy alone, only the females with leukemia diagnosed before 7 years of age had lower school marks than their controls. The biggest difference was observed in the marks for foreign language among the irradiated females diagnosed at a young age (mean difference, −1.0; 95% CI, −1.25 to −0.74). Conclusion Leukemia treatment that includes cranial irradiation impairs scholastic achievement. It is noteworthy that treatment of leukemia with chemotherapy alone impairs school performance only in females diagnosed before school age.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document