scholarly journals Porcine adipose-derived stem cells from buccal fat pad and subcutaneous adipose tissue for future preclinical studies in oral surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Niada ◽  
Lorena Ferreira ◽  
Elena Arrigoni ◽  
Alessandro Addis ◽  
Marino Campagnol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Buccal Fat Pad ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Are Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Liver Falciform Ligaments Another Possible Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells?

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Woo Lee ◽  
Jae Uk Chong ◽  
Seon Ok Min ◽  
Seon Young Bak ◽  
Kyung Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Falciform Ligament ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Falciform ligaments in the liver are surrounded by adipose tissue. We investigated the capability of adipose-derived stem cells from human liver falciform ligaments (hLF-ADSCs) to differentiate into hepatic-type cells and confirmed the functional capacity of the cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the liver falciform ligament and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for liver disease. Cells were cultivated in MSC culture medium. Properties of MSCs were confirmed by flow cytometry, RT-PCR analysis, immunocytochemistry assays, and multilineage differentiation. Hepatic induction was performed using a three-step differentiation protocol with various growth factors. Morphology, capacity for expansion, and characteristics were similar between hLF-ADSCs and adipose-derived stem cells from human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (hAS-ADSCs). However, hematopoietic– and mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET)-related surface markers (CD133, CD34, CD45, and E-cadherin) had a higher expression in hLF-ADSCs. The hepatic induction marker genes had a higher expression in hLF-ADSCs on days 7 and 10 after the hepatic induction. Albumin secretion was similar between hLF-ADSCs and hAS-ADSCs at 20 days after the hepatic induction. The hLF-ADSCs had a different pattern of surface marker expression relative to hAS-ADSCs. However, proliferation, multilineage capacity, and hepatic induction were similar between the cell types. Accordingly, it may be a useful source of MSCs for patients with liver disease.

401 MIGRATION AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF PORCINE ADULT ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Wilson ◽  
E. Monaco ◽  
M. S. Goldwasser ◽  
S. G. Clark ◽  
W. L. Hurley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Time Point

Bone marrow is one current source of adult stem cells for therapeutic purposes; however, the magnitude and accessibility of subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans make it an attractive alternative. Numerous in vitro studies have been conducted to determine how these cells act in vitro, but it is imperative to determine the vast abilities of these cells in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo migration and bone healing ability after transplanting adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in a swine model. Adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of adult Yorkshire pigs and cultured in vitro. At 80 to 90% confluence/passage 3, the cells were trypsinized and labeled in suspension with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFDA-SE). This project included 20 pigs weighing between 63.5 and 81.7 kg. Bilateral mandibular osteoectomies with 10-mm defects were performed on each pig. Of the 20 pigs, half received a treatment of 2.5 million CFDA-SE labeled stem cells administered directly into each defect (DI), and the remaining half received a treatment of approximately 5 million CFDA-SE labeled stem cells through an ear vein injection via catheter (EVI). The time points were 1 h and 2 and 4 wk, with 2 pigs per time with the DI and EVI treatments. Pigs were slaughtered at each time, and spleen, liver, lung, kidney, ear vein, blood, and mandible tissues were collected. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein with EDTA and processed via flow cytometry after collection. Tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histology. Fluorescent microscopy (CFDA-SE excitation/emission is 492/517 nm) has confirmed that transplanted ADSC do indeed migrate to a site of injury or trauma. Labeled cells were also present in blood collected from the 1-h time point group. Currently, we have not seen the presence of labeled ADSC in the other tissues (spleen, liver, lung, and kidney) after the 1-h time point. We did observe that ADSC administered by DI and EVI were able to significantly heal and regenerate bone defects within 4 wk post-surgery (P < 0.05, ANOVA with F-test), in contrast to bone defects in pigs that did not receive cell injections (control). Evidence of ADSC-related healing and bone regeneration was evident by gross visualization, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and micro computer tomography (microCT) analysis. The clinical implications of these results are significant for treating many diseases in which inflammation or defects exist, such as cardiac disease, neurological disease, or traumatic injuries to both soft and hard tissue. If the adult stem cells can be harvested from fat, encouraged to produce bone or cartilage, and then reinserted into defects, treatment protocols for trauma victims could be developed that would reduce the need for alternate harvesting techniques for bone. This work was support by a grant from the Illinois Regenerative Medicine Institute (IDPH # 63080017).

scholarly journals Characterization of adipose tissue macrophages and adipose-derived stem cells in critical wounds

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong-Sung Kim ◽  
Pathricia V. Tilstam ◽  
Katrin Springenberg-Jung ◽  
Arne Hendrick Boecker ◽  
Corinna Schmitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophages ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background Subcutaneous adipose tissue is a rich source of adipose tissue macrophages and adipose-derived stem cells which both play a key role in wound repair. While macrophages can be divided into the classically-activated M1 and the alternatively-activated M2 phenotype, ASCs are characterized by the expression of specific stem cell markers. Methods In the present study, we have investigated the expression of common macrophage polarization and stem cell markers in acutely inflamed adipose tissue. Subcutaneous adipose tissue adjacent to acutely inflamed wounds of 20 patients and 20 healthy subjects were harvested and underwent qPCR and flow cytometry analysis. Results Expression levels of the M1-specific markers CD80, iNOS, and IL-1b were significantly elevated in inflammatory adipose tissue when compared to healthy adipose tissue, whereas the M2-specific markers CD163 and TGF-β were decreased. By flow cytometry, a significant shift of adipose tissue macrophage populations towards the M1 phenotype was confirmed. Furthermore, a decrease in the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29, CD34, and CD105 was observed whereas CD73 and CD90 remained unchanged. Discussion This is the first report describing the predominance of M1 adipose tissue macrophages and the reduction of stem cell marker expression in acutely inflamed, non-healing wounds.

scholarly journals Anatomical, Histological And Metabolic Differences Between Hypodermis And Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

10.3823/2422 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Gonzaga da Cunha ◽  
Flávia Cury Rezende ◽  
Ana Lucia Gonzaga da Cunha ◽  
Carlos A. Machado ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Minimally Invasive Techniques ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
The Many ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The development of treatments using stem cells has drawn the attention of researchers to fat deposits given the fact they represent an almost unlimited reservoir of such cells, which can be accessed through minimally invasive techniques. However, the standardization of these studies has been made difficult because of the controversies of nomenclature regarding the many components of adipose tissue. Despite their distinct and independent structures with different metabolic responses, the terms hypodermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue are many times used as synonyms. However, the correct distinction between these two layers, the knowledge of their behavior and an uniformity of these terminologies are of utmost importance.             Thus, the purpose of this study was to make a bibliographic review on the theme, aiming to show the anatomical, histological and metabolic differences between these two tissues and standardize their nomenclature.

scholarly journals RANTES release by human adipose tissue in vivo and evidence for depot-specific differences

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. E1262-E1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Madani ◽  
Kalypso Karastergiou ◽  
Nicola C. Ogston ◽  
Nazar Miheisi ◽  
Rahul Bhome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Circulating Levels

Obesity is associated with elevated inflammatory signals from various adipose tissue depots. This study aimed to evaluate release of regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) by human adipose tissue in vivo and ex vivo, in reference to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. Arteriovenous differences of RANTES, MCP-1, and IL-6 were studied in vivo across the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in healthy Caucasian subjects with a wide range of adiposity. Systemic levels and ex vivo RANTES release were studied in abdominal subcutaneous, gastric fat pad, and omental adipose tissue from morbidly obese bariatric surgery patients and in thoracic subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue from cardiac surgery patients without coronary artery disease. Arteriovenous studies confirmed in vivo RANTES and IL-6 release in adipose tissue of lean and obese subjects and release of MCP-1 in obesity. However, in vivo release of MCP-1 and RANTES, but not IL-6, was lower than circulating levels. Ex vivo release of RANTES was greater from the gastric fat pad compared with omental ( P = 0.01) and subcutaneous ( P = 0.001) tissue. Epicardial adipose tissue released less RANTES than thoracic subcutaneous adipose tissue in lean ( P = 0.04) but not obese subjects. Indexes of obesity correlated with epicardial RANTES but not with systemic RANTES or its release from other depots. In conclusion, RANTES is released by human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo and in varying amounts by other depots ex vivo. While it appears unlikely that the adipose organ contributes significantly to circulating levels, local implications of this chemokine deserve further investigation.

scholarly journals Comparison of infrapatellar and subcutaneous adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction and stromal/stem cells in osteoarthritic subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 757-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pires de Carvalho ◽  
Katie M. Hamel ◽  
Robert Duarte ◽  
Andrew G. S. King ◽  
Masudul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells
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