scholarly journals Estimation of the diameter and cross-sectional area of the internal jugular veins in adult patients

Critical Care ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. R197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Déborah Tartière ◽  
Philippe Seguin ◽  
Charlotte Juhel ◽  
Bruno Laviolle ◽  
Yannick Mallédant
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal Jugular Veins

Cross-sectional area of the right and left internal jugular veins

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio B. Lobato ◽  
Cheri A. Sulek ◽  
Rodney L. Moody ◽  
Timothy E. Morey
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right ◽  
Internal Jugular Veins

Jugular venous pooling during lowering of the head affects blood pressure of the anesthetized giraffe

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (4) ◽  
pp. R1058-R1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brøndum ◽  
J. M. Hasenkam ◽  
N. H. Secher ◽  
M. F. Bertelsen ◽  
C. Grøndahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spontaneously Breathing

How blood flow and pressure to the giraffe's brain are regulated when drinking remains debated. We measured simultaneous blood flow, pressure, and cross-sectional area in the carotid artery and jugular vein of five anesthetized and spontaneously breathing giraffes. The giraffes were suspended in the upright position so that we could lower the head. In the upright position, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 193 ± 11 mmHg (mean ± SE), carotid flow was 0.7 ± 0.2 l/min, and carotid cross-sectional area was 0.85 ± 0.04 cm2. Central venous pressure (CVP) was 4 ± 2 mmHg, jugular flow was 0.7 ± 0.2 l/min, and jugular cross-sectional area was 0.14 ± 0.04 cm2 ( n = 4). Carotid arterial and jugular venous pressures at head level were 118 ± 9 and −7 ± 4 mmHg, respectively. When the head was lowered, MAP decreased to 131 ± 13 mmHg, while carotid cross-sectional area and flow remained unchanged. Cardiac output was reduced by 30%, CVP decreased to −1 ± 2 mmHg ( P < 0.01), and jugular flow ceased as the jugular cross-sectional area increased to 3.2 ± 0.6 cm2 ( P < 0.01), corresponding to accumulation of ∼1.2 l of blood in the veins. When the head was raised, the jugular veins collapsed and blood was returned to the central circulation, and CVP and cardiac output were restored. The results demonstrate that in the upright-positioned, anesthetized giraffe cerebral blood flow is governed by arterial pressure without support of a siphon mechanism and that when the head is lowered, blood accumulates in the vein, affecting MAP.

scholarly journals Assessment of Internal Jugular Vein Size in Healthy Subjects with Magnetic Resonance and Semiautomatic Processing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Laganà ◽  
L. Pelizzari ◽  
E. Scaccianoce ◽  
O. Dipasquale ◽  
C. Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Siemens Scanner ◽  
Axial Slice ◽  
Internal Jugular Veins

Background and Objectives. The hypothesized link between extracranial venous abnormalities and some neurological disorders awoke interest in the investigation of the internal jugular veins (IJVs). However, different IJV cross-sectional area (CSA) values are currently reported in literature. In this study, we introduced a semiautomatic method to measure and normalize the CSA and the degree of circularity (Circ) of IJVs along their whole length.Methods. Thirty-six healthy subjects (31.22 ± 9.29 years) were recruited and the 2D time-of-flight magnetic resonance venography was acquired with a 1.5 T Siemens scanner. The IJV were segmented on an axial slice, the contours were propagated in 3D. Then, IJV CSA and Circ were computed between the first and the seventh cervical levels (C1–C7) and normalized among subjects. Inter- and intrarater repeatability were assessed.Results. IJV CSA and Circ were significantly different among cervical levels (p<0.001). A trend for side difference was observed for CSA (larger right IJV,p=0.06), but not for Circ (p=0.5). Excellent inter- and intrarater repeatability was obtained for all the measures.Conclusion. This study proposed a reliable semiautomatic method able to measure the IJV area and shape along C1–C7, and suitable for defining the normality thresholds for future clinical studies.

Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
M. B. Hurtig ◽  
H. R. Sukhiani
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Width ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

SummaryDuring a triple pelvic osteotomy, rotation of the free acetabular segment causes the pubic remnant on the acetabulum to rotate into the pelvic canal. The resulting narrowing may cause complications by impingement on the organs within the pelvic canal. Triple pelvic osteotomies were performed on ten cadaver pelves with pubic remnants equal to 0, 25, and 50% of the hemi-pubic length and angles of acetabular rotation of 20, 30, and 40 degrees. All combinations of pubic remnant lengths and angles of acetabular rotation caused a significant reduction in pelvic canal-width and cross-sectional area, when compared to the inact pelvis. Zero, 25, and 50% pubic remnants result in 15, 35, and 50% reductions in pelvic canal width respectively. Overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment should be minimized to reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing.When performing triple pelvic osteotomies, the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment and the angle of acetabular rotation both significantly narrow the pelvic canal. To reduce post-operative complications, due to narrowing of the pelvic canal, overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the length of the pubic remnant should be minimized.

DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ROD’S CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING VIBRATION EIGENFREQUENCIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
I.M. UTYASHEV ◽  
◽  
A.A. AITBAEVA ◽  
A.A. YULMUKHAMETOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Longitudinal Vibrations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Elastic Fixation ◽  
Crosssectional Area

The paper presents solutions to the direct and inverse problems on longitudinal vibrations of a rod with a variable cross-sectional area. The law of variation of the cross-sectional area is modeled as an exponential function of a polynomial of degree n . The method for reconstructing this function is based on representing the fundamental system of solutions of the direct problem in the form of a Maclaurin series in the variables x and λ. Examples of solutions for various section functions and various boundary conditions are given. It is shown that to recover n unknown coefficients of a polynomial, n eigenvalues are required, and the solution is dual. An unambiguous solution was obtained only for the case of elastic fixation at one of the rod’s ends. The numerical estimation of the method error was made using input data noise. It is shown that the error in finding the variable crosssectional area is less than 1% with the error in the eigenvalues of longitudinal vibrations not exceeding 0.0001.

Changes in the parameters of nasal breathing and parameters of the upper respiratory tract during orthognathic operations in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
S.Sh. Gammadaeva ◽  
M.I. Misirkhanova ◽  
A.Yu. Drobyshev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The study analyzed the functional parameters of nasal breathing, linear parameters of the nasal aperture, nasal cavity and nasopharynx, volumetric parameters of the upper airways in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies before and after orthognathic surgery. The respiratory function of the nose was assessed using a rhinomanometric complex. According to rhinoresistometry data, nasal resistance and hydraulic diameter were assessed. According to the data of acoustic rhinometry, the minimum cross-sectional area along the internal valve, the minimum cross-sectional area on the head of the inferior turbinate and nasal septum and related parameters were estimated. According to the CBCT data, the state of the nasal septum, the inferior turbinates, the nasal aperture, the state of the nasal cavity, and the linear values of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx) were analyzed. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the classification of the patency of the nasal passages by

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document