scholarly journals Endogenous glutamine production in critically ill patients: the effect of exogenous glutamine supplementation

Critical Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. R72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiko Mori ◽  
Olav Rooyackers ◽  
Marie Smedberg ◽  
Inga Tjäder ◽  
Åke Norberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Glutamine Production

Parenteral nutrition in the ICU

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Cohen ◽  
Shaul Lev
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Aspen Guidelines

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a technique of artificial nutrition support, which consists of the intravenous administration of macronutrients, micronutrients, and water. PN has become integrated into intensive care unit (ICU) patient management with the aim of preventing energy deficits and preserving lean body mass. The addition of PN to enteral nutrition is known as supplemental PN. Parenteral feeding should be considered whenever enteral nutritional support is contraindicated, or when enteral nutrition alone is unable to meet energy and nutrient requirements. International guidelines differ considerably regarding the indications for PN. Thus, the ESPEN guidelines recommend initiating PN in critically-ill patients who do not meet caloric goals within 2–3 days of commencing EN, while the Canadian guidelines recommend PN only after extensive attempts to feed with EN have failed. The ASPEN guidelines advocate administering PN after 8 days of attempting EN unsuccessfully. Several studies have demonstrated that parenteral glutamine supplementation may improve outcome, and the ESPEN guidelines give a grade A recommendation to the use of glutamine in critically-ill patients who receive PN. Studies on IV omega-3 fatty acids have yielded promising results in animal models of acute respiratory distress syndrome and proved superior to solutions with omega -6 compositions. The discrepancy between animal models and clinical practice could be related to different time frames.

scholarly journals Enteral Glutamine Administration in Critically Ill Nonseptic Patients Does Not Trigger Arginine Synthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mechteld A. R. Vermeulen ◽  
Saskia J. H. Brinkmann ◽  
Nikki Buijs ◽  
Albertus Beishuizen ◽  
Pierre M. Bet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Additional Dose ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Relevant Dose

Glutamine supplementation in specific groups of critically ill patients results in favourable clinical outcome. Enhancement of citrulline and arginine synthesis by glutamine could serve as a potential mechanism. However, while receiving optimal enteral nutrition, uptake and enteral metabolism of glutamine in critically ill patients remain unknown. Therefore we investigated the effect of a therapeutically relevant dose of L-glutamine on synthesis of L-citrulline and subsequent L-arginine in this group. Ten versus ten critically ill patients receiving full enteral nutrition, or isocaloric isonitrogenous enteral nutrition including 0.5 g/kg L-alanyl-L-glutamine, were studied using stable isotopes. A cross-over design using intravenous and enteral tracers enabled splanchnic extraction (SE) calculations. Endogenous rate of appearance and SE of glutamine citrulline and arginine was not different (SE controls versus alanyl-glutamine: glutamine 48 and 48%, citrulline 33 versus 45%, and arginine 45 versus 42%). Turnover from glutamine to citrulline and arginine was not higher in glutamine-administered patients. In critically ill nonseptic patients receiving adequate nutrition and a relevant dose of glutamine there was no extra citrulline or arginine synthesis and glutamine SE was not increased. This suggests that for arginine synthesis enhancement there is no need for an additional dose of glutamine when this population is adequately fed. This trial is registered withNTR2285.

Do Critically Ill Patients Need Enteral Glutamine Supplementation?

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-368
Author(s):  
Christina Edmunds ◽  
Jane Ziegler ◽  
Angela MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation

PP014-SUN IMPORTANCE OF GLUTAMINE SUPPLEMENTATION IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
I. Luca Vasiliu ◽  
L. Mirea ◽  
R. Ungureanu ◽  
A. Balanescu ◽  
D. Pavelescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation

Effects of glutamine supplementation on critically ill patients: Focus on efficacy and safety. An overview of systematic reviews

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 110960
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Apostolopoulou ◽  
Anna-Bettina Haidich ◽  
Konstantinia Kofina ◽  
William Manzanares ◽  
Emmanouil Bouras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews
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