scholarly journals Prevalence of multidrug resistance, extensive drug resistance and pandrug resistance among multiple Gram-negative isolates: experience in a tertiary-care hospital ICU in North India

Critical Care ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dewan ◽  
T Sahoo ◽  
N Chandra ◽  
A Varma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extensive Drug Resistance

scholarly journals Bacteriological Profile of Chronic Osteomyelitis with Special Reference to Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms/Patterns – A Cross-sectional Prospective Study from Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Aparna Pandey ◽  
Prachi Shaw ◽  
Aamir Johar
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Central India ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gram Negative

Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis is the infection and inflammation of the bone. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and multidrug resistance has raised the morbidity and mortality rate in chronic osteomyelitis. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of chronic osteomyelitis with special mention to various resistant mechanisms. Methods: The study is a prospective design. Hundred (100) clinically diagnosed cases of chronic osteomyelitis of all age group and both sex admitted in a tertiary care hospital at central India, in one year were included. Samples like pus, sinus discharge or exudates were collected aseptically and sent for microbiological investigation. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates to the commonly used antibiotics was done by using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: The aerobic bacteriological study of chronic osteomyelitis showed Staphylococcus aureus is being continued to be major etiological agent followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to linezolid, teicoplanin while gram-negative isolates were sensitive to colistin, ciprofloxacin in the majority. The disease occurs mostly due to traumatic injuries commonly affecting the middle age group. In present study prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci aureus and β Lactamase producing (ESBL, Amp-C and MBL) gram-negative bacilli is found to be on the higher side. Conclusion: It has been the major cause of morbidity for a long time. The emerging multidrug-resistant strain is a major concern for the treatment. Identification of causative isolates and using a judicious selection of antibiotics will help the clinician in starting the empirical treatment accordingly would limit the multidrug resistance strains in the hospital as well as the community.

scholarly journals Alarming emergence, molecular characterization, and outcome of blaNDM-1 in patients infected with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huma Naim ◽  
Meher Rizvi ◽  
Mohd Azam ◽  
Richa Gupta ◽  
Neelam Taneja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Robust Immune Response ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Synergy Test

Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) in general and blaNDM-1 in particular. It also aimed at evaluating clinical characteristics and outcome in patients infected with MBLs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 116 carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CRGNB) were evaluated in the study. These CRGNB were tested for MBL production both phenotypically for MBLs and genotypically for blaNDM-1 gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Representative stains of NDM-1 isolates were further sequenced by Triyat Scientific Co., (Nagpur, India). RESULTS: Among 116 CRGNB Citrobacter species 28 (24.13%) was the most common pathogen. Phenotypically, MHT, imipenem-EDTA (IPM-EDTA) double‑disk synergy test and IPM-EDTA combined disk synergy test (CDST) detected MBL production in 105 (90.51%), 96 (81.03%), and 87 (75%) CRGNB, respectively. However, blaNDM-1 genes were detected in 66 (56.89%) isolates. The prevalence of blaNDM-1 gene was highest among Escherichia coli 26 (100%). Considering PCR as gold standard, it was observed that IMP-EDTA CDST was most specific (78.38%) while MHT was most sensitive (97.47%). Results of blaNDM-1 gene by PCR were further confirmed by sequencing (Triyat genomics, Nagpur). All the 11 representative strains were confirmed to be an NDM-1 gene. The presence of MBLs in our group of patients (non-Intensive Care Unit patients) is a cause for concern. However, on tracing their outcome, it was interesting to note that while the duration of stay lengthened in a large number of patients 112 (96.5%), mortality was relatively low 5 (4.31%). CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide insight into the prevalence of MBLs, including blaNDM-1, in a tertiary care hospital. Antibiotic stewardship implemented in all seriousness may to a great extent stave off the impending pan-drug resistance. The surprising outcome of our patients suggests either that the bacteria trade off virulence for drug resistance or the relatively robust immune response of non ICU patients fights back.

scholarly journals Plethora of Resistance Genes in Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Greece: No End to a Continuous Genetic Evolution

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Katerina Tsilipounidaki ◽  
Zoi Athanasakopoulou ◽  
Elke Müller ◽  
Sindy Burgold-Voigt ◽  
Zoi Florou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Genetic Evolution ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are a public health threat that requires urgent action. The fact that these pathogens commonly also harbor resistance mechanisms for several other antimicrobial classes further reduces patient treatment options. The present study aimed to provide information regarding the multidrug resistance genetic background of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in Central Greece. Strains from a tertiary care hospital, collected during routine practice, were characterized using a DNA microarray-based assay. Various different resistance determinants for carbapenems, other beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, trimethoprim, sulfonamides and macrolides were detected among isolates of the same sequence type. Eighteen different multidrug resistance genomic profiles were identified among the twenty-four K. pneumoniae ST258, seven different profiles among the eight K. pneumoniae ST11, four profiles among the six A. baumannii ST409 and two among the three K. oxytoca. This report describes the multidrug resistance genomic background of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from a tertiary care hospital in Central Greece, providing evidence of their continuous genetic evolution.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parkash Bachani ◽  
Love Kumar ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
Faizan Shaukat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

Introduction Tuberculosis is common in Pakistan. Due to various factors including socioeconomic factors, compliance is poor to anti-tuberculosis drugs, leading to resistance. We aim to determine the prevalence of Multidrug resistance (MDR) tuberculosis in Pakistani population.Methods A prospective observational study was conducted from April 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, in the Pulmonology department of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Culture and sensitivity were assessed using a sputum sample or, in cases of an absent sputum sample, from Broncho alveolar lavage.ResultsApproximately 71.3% percent patients who had tuberculosis were found to be resistant to Isoniazid and around 48.6% did not respond to Rifampin. Multi-drug resistant was found in 29.4% participants.ConclusionMulti-drug resistance tuberculosis is very prevalent in Pakistan, which may increase burden on health care system and may lead to various complications of tuberculosis.

INCIDENCE OF DRUG RESISTANCE AMONG BACTERIAL ISOLATES OBTAINED IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
A.P. More ◽  
J.D. Andhale
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Introduction: Infections caused by Gram negative bacteria is major health threat to patients in intensive care units and to patients with some comorbidity. Constant surveillance of drug-resistance among the different bacterial pathogens is important in prevention and management of infections caused by these pathogens. Such type of study also help clinicians to prescribe correct drug regimen to the patients suffering from these infections which may be primary, secondary or nosocomial, reducing the morbidity, mortality and hospitalization period. The present study is undertaken to study the drug susceptibility pattern and its incidence among the different bacterial pathogens isolated from different clinical samples obtained at Tertiary Care Hospital. Materials and Methods: The samples received from different clinical units were subjected to bacteriological investigations using standard microbiological procedures. The isolated pure cultures of bacterial pathogens were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing as per the CLSI guidelines of 2016. The data of antibiotic susceptibility of each isolated pathogens were tabulated and prevalence of each drug resistance and multidrug resistance were determined to study the trends of drug resistance among these pathogens. Results: The incidence of infections caused by Gram negative bacteria was found to be 74.67% among all the isolates and that of Gram positive bacterial infections was found to be 25.33% respectively. Esch.coli (37.32%) was the most frequently isolated Gram negative bacterium followed by Ps. aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp. and Proteus spp.in the descending order among all the isolates of Gram positive and Gram negative isolates. Conclusion: The incidence of infections caused by Gram negative bacteria was higher than those caused by Gram positive bacteria. Esch.coli was the most common pathogen among the Gram negative bacterial isolates whereas Staph.aureus was the most common pathogen among all the Gram positive bacterial isolates. All the bacterial isolates showed 100% multi-drug resistance and the incidence of drug resistance to second generation penicillin and cephalosporins were found to be remarkably higher among all the bacterial isolates.

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