scholarly journals On the Parafollicular Cells in the Thyroid Gland of the Bovine Foetus

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-571
Author(s):  
L.-A. Lindberg ◽  
S. Talanti
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Parafollicular Cells

Porcine calcitonin (calcitare)

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-10
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Human Calcitonin ◽  
Polypeptide Hormone ◽  
Parafollicular Cells

Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland in mammals. It inhibits bone resorption and lowers both serum and urinary calcium concentrations. Human calcitonin is available only in very small quantities but has been used in some studies. The first commercially available preparation in Britain is a porcine calcitonin (Calcitare - Armour).

The Thyroid

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildiko Lingvay ◽  
Shelby A. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Parafollicular Cells ◽  
Developing Heart

The thyroid gland, which is the largest endocrine organ, secretes primarily thyroid hormones that play a critical role in the normal growth and development of the maturing human. In the adult, thyroid hormones maintain metabolic stability by regulating oxygen requirements, body weight, and intermediary metabolism. Thyroid function is under hypothalamic-pituitary control, and thus, like the gonads and adrenal cortex, it serves as a classical model of endocrine physiology. In addition, the physiological effects of thyroid hormones are regulated by complex extrathyroidal mechanisms resulting from the peripheral metabolism of the hormones, mechanisms that are not under hypothalamic-pituitary regulation. Thyroid function abnormalities are very prevalent, especially in females and in certain geographic areas, and are often a result of autoimmunity or iodine deficiency. The thyroid originates from two distinct parts of the embryonic endoderm: • The follicular structures arise from a midline thickening of the anterior pharyngeal floor (the base of the tongue), adjacent to the differentiating heart. This thyroid diverticulum first expands ventrally while still attached to the pharyngeal floor by its stalk (thyroglossal duct), and then expands laterally, leading to the characteristic bilobed structure. As the developing heart descends, the thyroid gets pulled into its final position, a process that leads to the rapid stretch and degeneration of the thyroglossal duct. • The parafollicular cells are derived from the ultimobranchial bodies (originating from the neural crest) but ultimately are surrounded by the medial thyroid. The parafollicular cells represents <10 % of the adult thyroid gland. The thyroid completes its structural development by 9 weeks of gestation, the first endocrine organ to assume its definitive form during organogenesis; yet full functional maturation and integration with the hypothalamic-pituitary axis continues throughout gestation. Abnormal thyroid development can lead to persistence of the thyroglossal duct, presence of ectopic thyroid tissue (lingual thyroid, lateral aberrant thyroid), and malposition (thoracic goiter), all of which can remain clinically silent or present later in life as diagnostic challenges. The shape of the human thyroid resembles that of a butterfly.

The effect of chronic hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia on the follicular and parafollicular cells in rat thyroid gland

1990 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kali?nik ◽  
Ruda Zorc-Pleskovi? ◽  
Zdenka Pajer ◽  
Katka Pavlin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Parafollicular Cells ◽  
Rat Thyroid ◽  
Rat Thyroid Gland

IMMUNOFLUORESCENT LOCALIZATION OF CALCITONIN IN THE 'C' CELLS OF PIG AND DOG THYROID

1967 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
G. BUSSOLATI ◽  
A. G. E. PEARSE
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
C Cells ◽  
Immunofluorescent Localization ◽  
Sandwich Technique ◽  
Parafollicular Cells ◽  
In Cells

SUMMARY In the pig, the C cells of the thyroid gland, which are the counterparts of parafollicular cells of Nonidez in the thyroid of the dog, are mainly epifollicular rather than parafollicular. Using guinea-pig anti-pig calcitonin, and an indirect ('sandwich') technique, immunofluorescence tests indicated that calcitonin in the pig thyroid is present in cells which are morphologically indistinguishable from the C cells. Calcitonin was also present in cells which resemble pericytes. Taking advantage of cross-reactivity between canine calcitonin and anti-pig calcitonin antibody, a similar localization (C cells and pericytes) could be shown by immunofluorescence tests in the thyroid of dogs. These results confirm previous work indicating that the parafollicular cells are responsible for the production and secretion of thyrocalcitonin. The role of the pericytes has not been established with certainty.

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