scholarly journals Novel design principles enable specific targeting of imaging and therapeutic agents to necrotic domains in breast tumors

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Goldshaid ◽  
Efrat Rubinstein ◽  
Alexander Brandis ◽  
Dadi Segal ◽  
Noa Leshem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Novel Design

scholarly journals 68Ga-DOTA-GGNle-CycMSHhextargets the melanocortin-1 receptor for melanoma imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (466) ◽  
pp. eaau4445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianquan Yang ◽  
Jingli Xu ◽  
Rene Gonzalez ◽  
Thomas Lindner ◽  
Clemens Kratochwil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽  
Imaging Probe ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Human Melanoma Cells ◽  
Positron Emission

Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) is a molecular target for melanoma imaging and therapy because of its overexpression on rodent and human melanoma cells. Here, we evaluated the MC1R targeting and specificity of68Ga-DOTA-GGNle-CycMSHhexand Cy5.5-GGNle-CycMSHhexusing murine and human melanoma cells, and murine and xenografted tumors.68Ga-DOTA-GGNle-CycMSHhexwas used first in human as an imaging probe to evaluate the possibility of radionuclide therapy in patients with advanced-stage melanoma.68Ga-DOTA-GGNle-CycMSHhexand Cy5.5-GGNle-CycMSHhexdisplayed MC1R-specific targeting properties in murine and human melanoma cells, as well as in murine melanoma and human melanoma–xenografted tumors. Both B16/F10 and M21 melanoma lesions could be easily imaged by positron emission tomography using68Ga-DOTA-GGNle-CycMSHhex. The first-in-human images of melanoma brain metastases in patients demonstrated the clinical relevance of MC1R as a molecular target for melanoma imaging, highlighting the potential of68Ga-DOTA-GGNle-CycMSHhexas an MC1R-targeting melanoma imaging probe and underscoring the need to develop MC1R-targeting therapeutic agents for treating patients with metastatic melanoma.

Nanotherapeutics and nanotheragnostics for cancers: properties, pharmacokinetics, biopharmaceutics, and biosafety

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet Morsink ◽  
Lucia Parente ◽  
Fernanda Silva ◽  
Alexandra Abrantes ◽  
Ana Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Cancer Drug Delivery

: With the worldwide increasing rate of chronic diseases, such as cancer, the development of novel techniques to improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents is highly demanded. Nanoparticles are especially well suited to encapsulate drugs and other therapeutic agents, bringing additional advantages, such as less frequent dosage requirements, reduced side effects due to specific targeting, and therefore increased patient compliance. However, with the increasing use of nanoparticles and their recent launch on the pharmaceutical market it is important to achieve high quality control of these advanced systems. In this review, we discuss the properties of different nanoparticles, the pharmacokinetics, the biosafety issues of concern, and conclude with novel nanotherapeutics and nanotheragnostics for cancer drug delivery.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR NEURO REHABILITATION. A NEW DESIGN PARADIGM

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Subramanya K. ◽  
Ajithanjaya Kumar Mijar Kanakabettu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Ideal Candidate ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
Stimulation Current ◽  
Novel Design

AbstractOne of the most exciting recent advances in the neuroprosthetics field has been the application of biosignals in the design of functional electrical stimulation (FES) devices. An Electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity in muscles and is often considered as ideal candidate biosignal for designing closed-loop controlled FES system. In this brief communication, we propose a novel design paradigm of a synergistic benefit of incorporating two different design principles in development of an EMG controlled FES system that hold promise for the future of rehabilitation of stroke and other neurological disorders. The proposed system will detect the residual EMG signals from the muscle and suitably adjust the stimulation current amplitude and stimulate the paralyzed muscles with a 'natural' EMG pattern envelope. We offer this design as a fruitful area for fuing recent advances in the neuroprosthetics field has been the application of biosignals in the design of functional electrical stimulation (FES) devices. An Electromyogram (EMG) measures the electrical activity in muscles and is often considered as ideal candidate biosignal for designing closed-loop controlled FES system. In this brief communication, we propose a novel design paradigm of a synergistic benefit of incorporating two different design principles in development of an EMG controlled FES system that hold promise for the future of rehabilitation of stroke and other neurological disorders. The proposed system will detect the residual EMG signals from the muscle and suitably adjust the stimulation current amplitude and stimulate the paralyzed muscles with a 'natural' EMG pattern envelope. We offer this design as a fruitful area for future research and clinical application.

scholarly journals Evolutionary design principles in metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1898) ◽  
pp. 20190098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayathri Sambamoorthy ◽  
Himanshu Sinha ◽  
Karthik Raman
Keyword(s):  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Evolutionary Design ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Flux Coupling ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Function ◽  
Novel Design

Microorganisms are ubiquitous and adapt to various dynamic environments to sustain growth. These adaptations accumulate, generating new traits forming the basis of evolution. Organisms adapt at various levels, such as gene regulation, signalling, protein–protein interactions and metabolism. Of these, metabolism forms the integral core of an organism for maintaining the growth and function of a cell. Therefore, studying adaptations in metabolic networks is crucial to understand the emergence of novel metabolic capabilities. Metabolic networks, composed of enzyme-catalysed reactions, exhibit certain repeating paradigms or design principles that arise out of different selection pressures. In this review, we discuss the design principles that are known to exist in metabolic networks, such as functional redundancy, modularity, flux coupling and exaptations. We elaborate on the studies that have helped gain insights highlighting the interplay of these design principles and adaptation. Further, we discuss how evolution plays a role in exploiting such paradigms to enhance the robustness of organisms. Looking forward, we predict that with the availability of ever-increasing numbers of bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic genomic sequences, novel design principles will be identified, expanding our understanding of these paradigms shaped by varied evolutionary processes.

scholarly journals Controlling Singlet Fission with Coordination Chemistry-Induced Assembly of Dipyridyl Pyrrole Bipentacenes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ribson ◽  
Gyeongshin Choi ◽  
Ryan Hadt ◽  
Theodor Agapie
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Chemistry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Singlet Fission ◽  
Photophysical Parameters ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Triplet Lifetime

Singlet fission has the potential to surpass current efficiency limits in next-generation photovoltaics and to find use in quantum information science. Despite the demonstration of singlet fission in various materials, there is still a great need for fundamental design principles that allow for tuning of photophysical parameters, including the rate of fission and triplet lifetimes. Here we describe the synthesis and photophysical characterization of a novel bipentacene dipyridyl pyrrole (HDPP-Pent) and its Li- and K-coordinated derivatives. HDPP-Pent undergoes singlet fission at roughly 50% efficiency (τ<sub>SF</sub> = 730 ps), whereas coordination in the Li complex induces significant structural changes to generate a dimer, resulting in a 5-fold rate increase (τ<sub>SF</sub> = 140 ps) and near fully efficient singlet fission with virtually no sacrifice in triplet lifetime. We thus illustrate novel design principles to produce favorable singlet fission properties, wherein through-space control can be achieved via coordination chemistry-induced multi-pentacene assembly.

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