scholarly journals Innovative combination strategy to enhance effect and diminish adverse effects of glucocorticoids: another promise?

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes WG Jacobs ◽  
Johannes WJ Bijlsma
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Enhance Effect ◽  
Combination Strategy

scholarly journals Minimizing Adverse Effects of Cerenkov Radiation Induced Photodynamic Therapy With Transformable Photosensitizer-loaded Nanovesicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijie Qian ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Yawen Guo ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Ziyang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Cerenkov Radiation ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Combination Strategy ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract BackgroundPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising antitumor strategy with fewer adverse effects and higher selectivity than conventional therapies. Recently, a series of reports have suggested that PDT (CR-PDT) induced by Cerenkov radiation (CR) has deeper tissue penetration than traditional PDT. While the combination strategy by coupling radionuclides with photosensitizers might cause severe side effects. MethodsWe designed tumor-targeting nanoparticles ( 131 I-EM@ALA) by loading 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) into 131 I-labeled exosome mimetic (EM) to achieve combined antitumor therapy. In addition to the role of radiotherapy, 131 I can also serve as an internal light source for its Cerenkov radiation (CR). ResultsThe drug-loaded nanoparticles could effectively target tumors as confirmed by confocal imaging, flow cytometry, and small animal fluorescence imaging. The in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that 131 I-EM@ALA produced a promising antitumor effect by synergizing radiotherapy and CR-PDT. The nanoparticles killed tumor cells by inducing DNA damage and activating the lysosome-mitochondrial pathways. During the treatment, there were no obvious abnormalities found in hematology analyses, blood biochemistry, and histological examinations. ConclusionsWe successfully engineered nanocarrier coloaded with radionuclide 131 I and a photosensitizer precursor for combinational radiotherapy and PDT in treatment of breast cancer.

The Influence of Specimen Thickness in Quantitative Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 112-113
Author(s):  
Nestor J. Zaluzec
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Light Element ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

The application of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) to light element analysis is rapidly becoming an important aspect of the microcharacterization of solids in materials science, however relatively stringent requirements exist on the specimen thickness under which one can obtain EELS data due to the adverse effects of multiple inelastic scattering.1,2 This study was initiated to determine the limitations on quantitative analysis of EELS data due to specimen thickness.

Abhängigkeitspotenzial und andere Risiken von Opioidanalgetika im Alter

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk K. Wolter
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Psychische Störungen ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Alte Menschen ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Übersicht über Suchtpotenzial und andere Risiken von Opioidanalgetika im höheren Lebensalter. Methodik: Narrativ review. Literaturrecherche in PubMed (Suchbegriffe: opioid analgesics UND abuse; opioid analgesics UND dependence; opioid analgesics UND addiction; opioid analgesics UND adverse effects; jeweils UND elderly) sowie aktuellen einschlägigen Standardwerken; Auswahl nach altersmedizinischer Relevanz und Aktualität. Ergebnisse: Die Verordnung von Opioidanalgetika (OA) hat in den letzten 25 Jahren massiv zugenommen, die weitaus meisten Verordnungen entfallen auf alte Menschen und Menschen mit chronischen Nicht-Tumorschmerzen (CNTS). Die diagnostischen Kriterien für die Opiatabhängigkeit in ICD-10 und DSM-5 sind für die OA-Behandlung von CNTS ungeeignet. Bei langfristiger OA-Behandlung bei CNTS kann eine spezifische Form von Abhängigkeit entstehen, die nicht mit der illegalen Opiat-(Heroin-)Sucht gleichzusetzen ist. Vorbestehende Suchterkrankungen und andere psychische Störungen sind die wesentlichsten Risikofaktoren. Weitere Nebenwirkungen sind zu beachten. Schmerztherapie bei Suchtkranken stellt eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Anwendung von OA bei CNTS verlangt eine sorgfältige Indikationsstellung. Die besondere Form der Abhängigkeit von OA ist nicht ausreichend erforscht und wird zu wenig beachtet.

Inter-Method Reliability of Pulse Volume Related Measures Derived Using Finger-Photoplethysmography

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Matsumura ◽  
Koichi Shimizu ◽  
Peter Rolfe ◽  
Masanori Kakimoto ◽  
Takehiro Yamakoshi
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Current Component ◽  
Psychophysiological Measures ◽  
Pulse Volume ◽  
Optical Paths ◽  
Sensor Positions

Abstract. Pulse volume (PV) and its related measures, such as modified normalized pulse volume (mNPV), direct-current component (DC), and pulse rate (PR), derived from the finger-photoplethysmogram (FPPG), are useful psychophysiological measures. Although considerable uncertainties exist in finger-photoplethysmography, little is known about the extent of the adverse effects on the measures. In this study, we therefore examined the inter-method reliability of each index across sensor positions and light intensities, which are major disturbance factors of FPPG. From the tips of the index fingers of 12 participants in a resting state, three simultaneous FPPGs having overlapping optical paths were recorded, with their light intensity being changed in three steps. The analysis revealed that the minimum values of three coefficients of Cronbach’s α for ln PV, ln mNPV, ln DC, and PR across positions were .948, .850, .922, and 1.000, respectively, and that those across intensities were .774, .985, .485, and .998, respectively. These findings suggest that ln mNPV and PR can be used for psychophysiological studies irrespective of minor differences in sensor attachment positions and light source intensity, whereas and ln DC can also be used for such studies but under the condition of light intensity being fixed.

Adverse effects of cocaine abuse.

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold M. Washton ◽  
Andrew Tatarsky
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cocaine Abuse
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