scholarly journals Markers of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction predict COPD in middle-aged subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1702481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ricci ◽  
Per Wollmer ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
Artur Fedorowski ◽  
Viktor Hamrefors
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Aged Subjects

Autonomic dysfunction is commonly observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may relate to the known comorbidity with coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesised that clinical markers of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction predict COPD in the population, independently of CAD.In a population-based cohort of 24 768 subjects (mean age 45 years) without baseline airflow obstruction, we analysed the cross-sectional relationship of one-minute orthostatic systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) changes and resting heart rate with forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Cox regression models were used to analyse the association of orthostatic SBP and DBP changes (SBP/DBP decrease) and resting heart rate with incident COPD over a 32-year follow-up.Baseline orthostatic SBP decrease (p=0.020) and DBP decrease (p=0.001) were associated with reduced FVC, whereas resting heart rate was associated with reduced FVC and FEV1 (p<0.001). After adjustment for smoking and baseline lung function, SBP decrease predicted COPD (hazard ratio (HR) 1.10 per 10 mmHg, 95% CI 1.03–1.18). Resting heart rate predicted COPD among smokers (HR 1.11 per 10 beats-per-minute increase, 95% CI 1.05–1.18). Results were similar in subjects without CAD.Subtle signs of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction may precede the development of COPD in middle-aged subjects. This association is independent of the relationship between cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and CAD.

Hormonal responses to exercise during moderate cold exposure in young vs. middle-age subjects

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1564-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Therminarias ◽  
P. Flore ◽  
M. F. Oddou-Chirpaz ◽  
C. Gharib ◽  
G. Gauquelin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Hormonal Responses ◽  
Aged Subjects ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The influence of moderate cold exposure on the hormonal responses of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), arginine vasopressin (AVP), catecholamines, and plasma renin activity (PRA) after exhaustive exercise was studied in 9 young and 10 middle-aged subjects. Exercise tests were randomly performed in temperate (30 degrees C) and cold (10 degrees C) environments. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, and peripheral arterial blood pressure were measured at regular intervals. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after exercise at 30 or 10 degrees C. Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations as well as hemoglobin and hematocrit were measured, and the change in plasma volume was calculated. At rest and during exercise, oxygen consumption was similar during exposure to both temperate and cold temperatures. During submaximal exercise intensities, the rise in heart rate was blunted while the increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly greater at 10 than at 30 degrees C. The increases in plasma sodium and potassium concentrations after exhaustion were similar between environments, as was the decrease in plasma volume. In both groups, all plasma hormones were significantly elevated postexercise, with the AVP response similar at 10 and 30 degrees C. However, the norepinephrine and ANF responses were significantly greater while the PRA response was significantly reduced at 10 degrees C. In the middle-aged subjects the epinephrine response to exercise was higher at 10 than at 30 degrees C. The greater ANF and reduced PRA responses to exercise in the cold may have resulted from central hemodynamic changes caused by cold-induced cutaneous vasoconstriction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Blood pressure and resting heart rate in 3-17-year-olds in Germany in 2003–2006 and 2014–2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Sarganas ◽  
Anja Schienkiewitz ◽  
Jonas D. Finger ◽  
Hannelore K. Neuhauser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Selection Rule ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Examination ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Analysis Measurement

AbstractTo track blood pressure (BP) and resting heart rate (RHR) in children and adolescents is important due to its associations with cardiovascular outcomes in the adulthood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine BP and RHR over a decade among children and adolescents living in Germany using national examination data. Cross-sectional data from 3- to 17-year-old national survey participants (KiGGS 2003–06, n = 14,701; KiGGS 2014–17, n = 3509) including standardized oscillometric BP and RHR were used for age- and sex-standardized analysis. Measurement protocols were identical with the exception of the cuff selection rule, which was accounted for in the analyses. Different BP and RHR trends were observed according to age-groups. In 3- to 6-year-olds adjusted mean SBP and DBP were significantly higher in 2014–2017 compared to 2003–2006 (+2.4 and +1.9 mm Hg, respectively), while RHR was statistically significantly lower by −3.8 bpm. No significant changes in BP or in RHR were observed in 7- to 10-year-olds over time. In 11- to 13-year-olds as well as in 14- to 17-year-olds lower BP has been observed (SBP −2.4 and −3.2 mm Hg, respectively, and DBP −1.8 and −1.7 mm Hg), while RHR was significantly higher (+2.7 and +3.7 bpm). BP trends did not parallel RHR trends. The downward BP trend in adolescents seemed to follow decreasing adult BP trends in middle and high-income countries. The increase in BP in younger children needs confirmation from other studies as well as further investigation. In school-aged children and adolescents, the increased RHR trend may indicate decreased physical fitness.

scholarly journals Associations of the serum long-chain n-3 PUFA and hair mercury with resting heart rate, peak heart rate during exercise and heart rate recovery after exercise in middle-aged men

2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Tajik ◽  
Sudhir Kurl ◽  
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen ◽  
Kai Savonen ◽  
Jyrki K. Virtanen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Hair Mercury ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractLong-chain n-3 PUFA from fish have been associated with lower risk of CVD. Fish may also contain methylmercury, which may attenuate the inverse associations of the long-chain n-3 PUFA. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not fully known. We evaluated the associations of the serum long-chain n-3 PUFA (EPA, DPA and DHA) and hair Hg with resting heart rate (HR), peak HR during cycle ergometer exercise and HR recovery after exercise. A total of 1008 men from the population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, aged 42–60 years and free of CVD, were studied. After multivariate-adjustments in ANCOVA, higher serum total long-chain n-3 PUFA concentration was associated with lower resting HR (extreme-quartile difference 2·2 beats/min; 95 % CI 0·2, 4·1, Ptrend across quartiles=0·02), but not with peak HR or HR recovery. Associations were generally similar when EPA, DPA and DHA were evaluated individually, except for DPA, which was also associated with better HR recovery after exercise (extreme-quartile difference 2·1 beats/min; 95 % CI 0·1, 4·2, Ptrend=0·06). Higher hair Hg content had a trend towards lower peak HR after adjusting for the long-chain n-3 PUFA (Ptrend=0·05), but it only slightly attenuated the associations of the serum long-chain n-3 PUFA with HR. These findings suggest that higher serum long-chain n-3 PUFA concentrations are associated with lower resting HR in middle-aged men from Eastern Finland, which may partially explain the potential cardioprotective effect of fish intake.

Effect of n-3 fatty acids on heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk Geelen ◽  
Peter L Zock ◽  
Cees A Swenne ◽  
Ingeborg A Brouwer ◽  
Evert G Schouten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Subjects

Changes in selected parameters of health and physical fitness following a sixteen-week deployment at sea

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
P W King-Lewis ◽  
A J Allsopp
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Cardiac Recovery ◽  
Test Occasion ◽  
Rate Of Recovery

AbstractThe effects of 16 weeks at sea upon selected parameters of health and physical fitness were investigated in 30 male volunteers (from a total crew of 48 men) prior to, and immediately following deployment. The 30 subjects were assigned toeither an exercise group, ‘Ex’ (n=12), or a non-exercising group, ‘Nil ex ’ (n = 18), according to their reported participation in vigorous training or sports. Body mass index (BMI), calculated from height and weight, revealed that prior to deployment 13 of the 30 subjects (two in the Ex group) had a BMI over 25 kg.m−2 (i. e. overweight), and a further three subjects (all ‘non-exercisers’) had values of 30 kg.m−2 or more (obese). In addition, the diastolic blood pressure of two subjects was in excess of 95 mmHg and five subjects had resting heart rates above 89 beats per minute. Retrospective comparisons between the Ex and Nilex groups revealed a significantly lower percentage body fat (P<0.01) and a faster rate of cardiac recovery (P<0.05) following a standardised bout of exercise in the Ex group, albeit that these individuals were significantly younger (mean age of 24 years) than those in the Nilex group (32 years). Following deployment, in the Nilex group, comparisonof pre- and post values showed that resting heart rate was elevated (P<0.01) on return from sea. Similarly, in the Nilex group heart rate while performing the standardised exercise about was also elevated (P<0.05) on the second test occasion. In the Ex group, heart rate measures during and foJlowing exercise indicated a significantly slower rate of recovery (P<0.05) on the second test occasion.

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