scholarly journals Biological therapies in nonsmall cell lung cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1601520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Zugazagoitia ◽  
Sonia Molina-Pinelo ◽  
Fernando Lopez-Rios ◽  
Luis Paz-Ares
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Treatment Benefits ◽  
Medical Disciplines

Biological therapies have improved survival outcomes of advanced-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Genotype-directed therapies have changed treatment paradigms of patients withEGFR-mutant andALK/ROS1-rearranged lung adenocarcinomas, and the list of druggable targets with demonstrated clinical actionability (BRAF, MET, RET, NTRK1andHER2) continues to expand. Furthermore, we have incrementally understood the mechanisms of cancer immune evasion and foresee ways to effectively circumvent them, particularly at the immune checkpoint level. Drugs targeting the tumour immune-evasive PD-1 pathway have demonstrated remarkable treatment benefits in this disease, with a non-negligible fraction of patients potentially receiving long-term survival benefits. Herein, we briefly discuss the role of various medical disciplines in the management of advanced-stage NSCLC and review the most relevant biological therapies for this disease, with particular emphasis in genotype-directed therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

scholarly journals Pulmonary complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (153) ◽  
pp. 190058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Cadranel ◽  
Anthony Canellas ◽  
Lise Matton ◽  
Marie Darrason ◽  
Antoine Parrot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Complications

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-P) during cancer treatment is rarely observed (<5%). ICI-P is more often observed in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than in those with other cancers. Likewise, it is more common in those receiving programmed cell death (PD)-1/PD-1 ligand inhibitors rather than cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 inhibitors alone. The frequency of ICI-P is higher when anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 are administered concomitantly. Despite the low fatality rate (≈13%), ICI-P is the leading cause of ICI-related deaths. This narrative review focuses on the epidemiology, clinical and radiological presentation and prognosis of ICI-P occurring in patients, especially those with advanced NSCLC. Emphasis is placed on the differences in terms of frequency or clinical picture observed depending on whether the ICI is used as monotherapy or in combination with another ICI or chemotherapy. Other pulmonary complications observed in cancer patients, yet not necessarily immune-related, are reviewed, such as sarcoid-like granulomatosis, tuberculosis or other infections. A proposal for pragmatic management, including differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, is presented, based on the ICI-P series reported in the literature and published guidelines.

Role of immunotherapy in oligometastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e241070
Author(s):  
Yehuda Galili ◽  
Ahmad El-Far ◽  
Jennifer Tseng ◽  
Steve Carlan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Comfort Care ◽  
Metastatic Lung

The approach to metastatic lung cancer has long been focused on palliation therapy and comfort care. Recently, significant subsets of patients who suffer from a limited form of the disease have shown curative outcomes. The oligometastatic disease theory was first introduced in 1995, and since has been applied to many solid tumours. In oligometastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer, current treatment strategies include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. There is evidence of astounding survival benefits in selected patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We present three cases with oligometastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer treated with pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, and describe the outcomes. Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab appears to be an effective adjunctive treatment with low toxicity in oligometastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer.

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