scholarly journals Risk of developing tuberculosis disease among persons diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection in the Netherlands

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1420-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie G.M. Erkens ◽  
Erika Slump ◽  
Maurits Verhagen ◽  
Henrieke Schimmel ◽  
Frank Cobelens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Diagnosis and preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among high-risk groups is recommended to achieve tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low-incidence countries.We studied TB incidence rates among those notified with LTBI in the Netherlands from 2005 to 2013 and analysed associated risk factors. We stratified analyses by target group for screening, and by initiation and completion of preventive treatment.The incidence for those completing, stopping and not receiving preventive treatment was 187, 436 and 355 per 100 000 person-years for contacts of TB patients, respectively, and 63, 96 and 110 per 100 000 person-years for other target groups. The rate ratio for TB development among contacts compared to other target groups was 3.1 (95% CI 2.0–4.9). In both groups, incidence was highest in the first year after diagnosis. Independent factors associated with progression to TB among contacts were age <5 years and stopping preventive treatment within 28 days compared to those not receiving preventive treatment. Among other target groups, being foreign born was the only risk factor associated with the risk of developing TB.We conclude that the epidemiological impact of preventive treatment is highest in contacts of TB patients and limited in other target groups for LTBI management in the Netherlands.

scholarly journals Latent tuberculosis infection in foreign-born communities: import vs. transmission in the Netherlands derived through mathematical modelling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hester Korthals Altes ◽  
Serieke Kloet ◽  
Frank Cobelens ◽  
Martin Bootsma
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Contact Investigation ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Significant Disease

AbstractWhile tuberculosis represents a significant disease burden worldwide, low-incidence countries strive to reach the WHO target of elimination by 2025. Screening for TB in immigrants is an important component of the strategy to reduce the TB burden in low-incidence settings. An important option is the screening and preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Whether this policy is worthwhile depends on the extent of transmission within the country, and introduction of new cases through import. Mathematical transmission models of tuberculosis have been used to identify key parameters in the epidemiology of TB and estimate transmission rates. An important application has also been to investigate the consequences of policy scenarios.Here, we formulate a mathematical model for TB transmission within the Netherlands to estimate the size of the pool of latent infections, and to determine the share of importation –either through immigration or travel- versus transmission within the Netherlands. We take into account importation of infections due to immigration, and travel to the country of origin, focusing on the three ethnicities most represented among TB cases, excluding those overrepresented in asylum seekers: Moroccans, Turkish and Indonesians. We fit a system of ordinary differential equations to the data from the Netherlands Tuberculosis Registry on (extra-)pulmonary TB cases from 1995-2013.We find that for all three foreign-born communities, immigration is the most important source of LTBI, but the extent of within-country transmission is much lower (about half) for the Turkish and Indonesian communities than for the Moroccan. This would imply that contact investigation would have a greater yield in the latter community than in the former. Travel remains a minor factor contributing LTBI, suggesting that targeting returning travelers might be less effective at preventing LTBI than immigrants upon entry in the country.

scholarly journals Identifying components for programmatic latent tuberculosis infection control in the European Union

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Sandgren ◽  
Jannigje M Vonk Noordegraaf-Schouten ◽  
Anouk M Oordt-Speets ◽  
Gerarda B van Kessel ◽  
Sake J de Vlas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Member States

Individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are the reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a population and as long as this reservoir exists, elimination of tuberculosis (TB) will not be feasible. In 2013, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) started an assessment of benefits and risks of introducing programmatic LTBI control, with the aim of providing guidance on how to incorporate LTBI control into national TB strategies in European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) Member States and candidate countries. In a first step, experts from the Member States, candidate countries, and international and national organisations were consulted on the components of programmatic LTBI control that should be considered and evaluated in literature reviews, mathematical models and cost-effectiveness studies. This was done through a questionnaire and two interactive discussion rounds. The main components identified were identification and targeting of risk groups, determinants of LTBI and progression to active TB, optimal diagnostic tests for LTBI, effective preventive treatment regimens, and to explore the potential for combining LTBI control with other health programmes. Political commitment, a solid healthcare infrastructure, and favourable economic situation in specific countries were identified as essential to facilitate the implementation of programmatic LTBI control.

Pharmacoeconomical aspects of chemotherapy in children at high risk of tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Vasiliy E. Novikov ◽  
Natalia E. Usacheva ◽  
Natalia S. Ponamareva ◽  
Tatyana V. Myakisheva
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children

AIM: of the study is to analyze the results of pharmacoeconomical studies of preventive chemotherapy in children from high-risk groups of tuberculosis to optimize measures for the prevention of tuberculosis infection in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Collection, systematization and analysis of data from the scientific literature and the results of their own research on the relevant problem. RESULTS: On the problem of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis infection in children from high-risk groups, there is insufficient information on the pharmacoeconomical aspects of this problem. Most studies include a pharmacoeconomical assessment of the management of adult patients with tuberculosis infection. There are isolated scientific papers devoted to the pharmacoeconomical analysis of the preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTI) in children. Different clinical and economic efficiency of the applied methods of immunodiagnostics and regimens of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis in children is shown. To improve the epidemic situation of tuberculosis among children, it is important to improve preventive chemotherapy regimens. Their effectiveness is largely determined by the sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) to anti-tuberculosis drugs (PTP) and the rational choice of a chemotherapy regimen. The current chemoprophylaxis regimens for children with LTI do not take into account the sensitivity of MBT to PTP at a possible source of infection. CONCLUSION: The analysis shows the high relevance of pharmacoeconomical studies and the practical significance of the results of such studies for optimizing preventive chemotherapy in children from high-risk groups for tuberculosis. Scientific research on the assessment of the clinical and economic effectiveness of various regimens of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis in children allows us to identify the most effective and least expensive ways to prevent tuberculosis through the rational use of medicines and methods of immunodiagnostics.

scholarly journals Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and associated risk factors in prison in East Wollega Zone of western Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0233314
Author(s):  
Basha Chekesa ◽  
Balako Gumi ◽  
Mahlet Chanyalew ◽  
Aboma Zewude ◽  
Gobena Ameni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Western Ethiopia

scholarly journals Implementation of latent tuberculosis infection screening and treatment among newly arriving immigrants in the Netherlands: A mixed methods pilot evaluation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e0219252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ineke Spruijt ◽  
Connie Erkens ◽  
Jeanine Suurmond ◽  
Erik Huisman ◽  
Marga Koenders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection

The effectiveness of programmatic management of latent tuberculosis infection in the Netherlands

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Erkens ◽  
Erika Slump ◽  
Maurits Verhagen ◽  
Henrieke Schimmel ◽  
Gerard De Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection
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