The Retroclined Upper Incisor

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. T. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Class I ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Division 2

In the interest of further clarification of the interaction of the multiple causative factors of upper incisor retroclination, the development of Class II Division 2 occlusion is contrasted to that of Class I. The patients whose records were used had not received orthodontic treatment. It was found that upper incisor retroclination in Class II Division 2 occurred after their emergence into the oral cavity. The effect is attributed to the upper incisors being able to erupt well within the cover of the lower lip through a combination of circumstances related to the proportional balance of the patient's facial structures in the vertical dimension. The lower lip would guide the upper incisors into retroclined positions, only if the latter were unobstructed by digit, tongue or other teeth of either arch. This implied not only a critical balance in size and relationship of the facial structures in the vertical dimension but also equally critical balances in the antero-posterior and lateral dimensions, without which the lower lip factor alone would be ineffective.

scholarly journals Prevalence of malocclusion in north Cyprus School

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda Beleva ◽  
Nazli Idil Kacamak ◽  
Cagla Sin ◽  
Beste Kamiloglu
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
National Education ◽  
Northern Cyprus ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Division 2

Abstract Background. The epidemiology of the population living in a country plays an important role in the planning and implementation of dental services. Correct identification of the need for orthodontic treatment in individuals is a very complex subject and requires detailed analysis. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of malocclusion among randomly selected subjects aged 12-15 years attending secondary schools regardless of any socio-economic or social status in Northern Cyprus.Methods. After the approval of the competent authorities in the Ministry of National Education and the Ministry of Health of Northern Cyprus and of the parents whose subjects were to take part in the study, the evaluation was carried out by a team of three people, two of whom are in the process of specializing in orthodontics and one doctoral student at the qualification stage. The study included a randomly selected sampling composed of 426 subjects (203 females and 223 males). Results. The statistical evaluation of the samples collected in the study found that 20.6% of the subjects had no occurrence of occlusion, 74.4% had Class I, 21.1% had Class II (part 1, 18.8%, part 2, 2.3%) and 4.5% had Class III malocclusion. Of the 419 patients, 86 (20.2%) were in need of orthodontic treatment. Although not statistically significant, it was determined that 19.7% of female patients and 20.7% of the male patients were in need for orthodontic treatment.Conclusions. The most common orthodontic malocclusion in Cyprus is Class I, the least common malocclusion is Class II division 2.

scholarly journals Cephalometric Evaluation of Vertical Dimension of Occlusion in Varying Malocclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 081-086
Author(s):  
Isha Aggarwal ◽  
Anindita Mallik ◽  
Sanjay Mittal ◽  
Mandeep Bhullar ◽  
Divya Singla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Class I ◽  
Facial Esthetics ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
The Face ◽  
Occlusal Vertical Dimension ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Introduction The aim of modern cephalometrics is to evaluate the relationship of skeletal and dental functional units of the face and to implement treatment to establish the position of the units horizontally and vertically. Establishing a correct occlusal vertical dimension is considered one of the most important aspects of facial esthetics for patients in need of orthodontic treatment. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the vertical dimension of occlusion in varying dental malocclusions in Solan population. Materials and Methods The sample consisted of pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 100 patients (50 Class I and 50 Class II div 1), aged 15 to 30 years; six angular and one linear parameters were measured to determine the vertical dimension of occlusion. Results All the parameters (Frankfort-mandibular plane angle [FMA], Occl/Frankfort horizontal plane [FHA], angle of Y-axis, Occl/SN, GoGn/SN, and ANS-Me) were found to be decreased in Class I than in Class II div 1 malocclusion except (ANS-Xi-Pm). All the parameters were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) when compared between groups. When cephalometric norms of the present study were compared with Moroccan population, all parameters (ANS-Xi-Ptm, FMA, Occl/FH, Occl/SN, GoGn/SN, and ANS-Me) were found to be decreased in Solan population except angle of Y-axis. All the parameters were clinically significant (p < 0.05) except ANS-Xi-Pm and FMA that were found to be clinically nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion Solan population has distinct cephalometric characteristics, which should be used as the reference in future orthodontic treatments.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment Successfulness Using American Board of Orthodontics System in Airlangga University Dental Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani ◽  
Dimas Iman Nugroho ◽  
Fakhma Zakki Ramadhani ◽  
Ida Bagus Narmada
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dental Hospital

Background: The purpose of orthodontic treatment is to improve efficient function, tissue balance, and obtain harmonious facial aesthetic results so the successfulness of orthodontic treatment should be comprehensive because maloclusion can occur in dentoalveolar, skeletal and soft tissue tissues. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the successfulness of orthodontic treatment using fixed orthodontic appliances in Orthodontic Clinic Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga by means of ABO system. Methods: Descriptive analytic by comparing the data before and after treatment, then the sample was divided into 3 based on the skeletal malocclusion group. Dental efficacy was measured using the ABO system and the Bolton anterior ratio. Skeletal success by looking at ANB, FHI, and proportion of anterior facial height (UAFH: LAFH). Meanwhile, the success of the soft tissue was by seeing the changes in the aesthetic lines of the upper and lower lips. The statistics used in this study were Kruskal-Whallis for the ABO DI and OGS difference test, Spearman to determine the relationship between ABO DI and OGS measurement components and McNemar and Wilcoxon to determine the difference before and after treatment on all measurements. Results: Treatment of class I skeletal malocclusion had the best mean ABO OGS score. Class II and III treatments had significant treatment advancements. In other measurements, there are significant differences after treatment at FHI in class I, (UAFH: LAFH) in class II and lower lip esthetic line in class II. Conclusion: Generally, the successfulness of orthodontic treatment in Orthodontic Clinic Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga was adequate. In addition, the assessment of the successful orthodontic treatment needs to be adjusted to the standard values that can be accepted by a certain population, especially the Javanese population.

scholarly journals A Study to determine the Prevalence of Malocclusion and Chief Motivational Factor for Desire of Orthodontic Treatment in Jaipur City, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Sharma ◽  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Dhruv Yadav ◽  
Abhilasha Choudhary ◽  
Swapnil Singh
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Motivational Factor ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Jaipur City ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

ABSTRACT Background Prevalence of malocclusion varies in different parts of a diverse country like India. Aims To determine the prevalence of malocclusion in population of Jaipur city, Rajasthan, India, as well as subjects views regarding the most important factor for seeking orthodontic treatment by patients who have malocclusion. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 700 subjects (373 males and 327 females) with age group of 15 to 30 years. Subjects were randomly selected and none of them had received orthodontic treatment previously. The subjects who showed bilateral Angle's class I molar relationship with acceptable overjet, overbite and well-aligned arches or minimal crowding were considered to have normal occlusion. The subjects with malocclusion were classified into four groups according to Angle's classification, i.e. class I, class II division 1, class II division 2 and class III malocclusions. Results About 74.57% of population was found to have malocclusion. Among these subjects, 52.57% subjects were diagnosed with class I malocclusion, 12.57% with class II division 1 malocclusion, 8% with class II division 2 and remaining 1.42% had class III malocclusion. No statistically significant differences were found between male and female subjects. Conclusion Among class I malocclusion characteristics, Angle's class I type 1 malocclusion was statistically significantly found to be the most prevalent type of malocclusion. As far as the most important factor for seeking orthodontic treatment was determined, a desire of enhancing facial appearance followed by a desire of attaining straight teeth was considered to be the chief motivational factor among this population. How to cite this article Sharma R, Sharma K, Yadav D, Choudhary A, Singh S. A Study to determine the Prevalence of Malocclusion and Chief Motivational Factor for Desire of Orthodontic Treatment in Jaipur City, India. World J Dent 2015; 6(2):87-92.

Incidence of Orthodontic Problems in Northern Cypriot Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Beleva Nadejda ◽  
Nazlı Idil Kacamak ◽  
Cagla Sin ◽  
Beste Kamiloglu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
School Children ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Division 2

Aim: Technologies related to big data are progressively used for various research purposes in the fields of dentistry and health-care informatics. Large amounts of clinical data have been achieved and acquired at an exceptional acceleration and advancement. The actively developing field of big data analysis has started to play a critical and decisive role in the progression of dental practices and research. It has implemented tools to collect, regulate, interpret, and comprehend enormous volumes of distinct, structured, and unstructured data established from the present healthcare systems. Big data analysis has been lately devoted in the direction of encouraging and assisting the process of problem detection and care delivery. Our study aimed at measuring the frequentness of orthodontic problems, incidence of malocclusion and the orthodontic treatment demand among children who attend secondary schools in Northern Cyprus. Methods: For the present survey, our sample included 426 school children (203 females and 223 males) who are 12–15 years of age. Molar relation in each child was assessed according to Angle's classification. To evaluate the need and demand for orthodontic treatment, the ICON index was then used. Occlusal features such as overbite and overjet were measured and the presence of malocclusal characteristics such as cross bite, deep bite or open bite was examined and recorded for each subject. Our findings indicated that among this Northern Cypriot school population: (20.6%) had no occurrence of malocclusion, (74.6%) were found to have a Class I molar relation, (21.1%) had a Class II molar relation (Division 1, 13.6%; Division 2, 1.6%) and (3.3%) had a Class III malocclusion. Moreover, (20.2%) of all the examined children were found in need of orthodontic treatment. Digital modelling derived from CBCT scanning of plaster casts is a reliable method to assure the accuracy of measurements obtained directly from clinical and dental examination. Results: 74.6% of all subjects were found to have class I dental malocclusion; class II division 1 were calculated at 13,6%, class II division 2 were 1,6%, class II subdivision 4,2%, class III were calculated to be at 3,3% and class III subdivision 2,5%. Conclusion: The most common orthodontic malocclusion in Northern Cypriot school children is Class I and the least common one is Class II division 2.

scholarly journals Can Orthodontic Treatment Be Stable 20 Years after the End of the Treatment Scheme? Treatment of a Class 2, Division 1 Malocclusion with Severe Skeletal Discrepancy and Its 20-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Domenico Aiello ◽  
Riccardo Nucera ◽  
Stefania Costa ◽  
Michele Mario Figliuzzi ◽  
Sergio Paduano
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Mandibular Retrusion

Class II malocclusions, after class I malocclusions, are the most frequent in the juvenile Italian population. They are most often skeletal in origin and due to mandibular retrusion. Functional devices seem to have a beneficial effect on the growth of the jaw. Long-term maintenance of the achieved results is essential for therapeutic success in any orthodontic treatment; moreover, the retention phase should last as long as possible, especially in the lower anterior sector. A female patient aged 10 years and 3 months presented a visibly convex profile and a severe mandibular retrusion. The anamnesis brought to light the habit of oral breathing and lower-lip sucking. The cephalometric analysis showed a normodivergent skeletal class II. The first treatment phase involved the use of a Bass type for 12 months at the end of the functional treatment; the second phase of fixed therapy was carried out following the principles of bioprogressive techniques. The photos at the end of treatment show an important improvement in the profile; a full class I ratio of molar and canine teeth was achieved with an excellent interarch relationship and a correction of the V-shaped upper arch. The result is occlusally and profilometrically stable after 2, 4, 5, 10, 14, and 20 years. The maintenance of a stable orthodontic result over time is the result not only of a correct and physiological occlusion but also and above all of a correct diagnosis and correct identification of problems that can cause the malocclusion itself. Flawed habits such as interposition of the lower lip and oral breathing must be intercepted and corrected early in order to correct them and not affect the long-term result of orthodontic treatment. In this case, a functional device associated with an orthodontic fixed finishing and a correct retention phase were necessary to correctly treat a second-class mandibular retrusion whose result remained stable 20 years after the end of therapy.

scholarly journals Pattern of malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment at Dhaka Dental College and Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Md Muklesur Rahman ◽  
Hasnat Jahan ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Standard Format ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Division 2

Aims: To evaluate the pattern and distribution of malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment in Dhaka Dental College Hospital.Material and Methods: Total of 400 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 19.10 years. A standard format was prepared to record the data. Ages, sex and Class I, II and III malocclusions were tabulated to cheek for any relationship.Results: The prevalence of molar class I, II, III and both (I &II) malocclusion were 61.53%, 22.56%, 8.2%, and 7.17%, respectively. The prevalence of incisors class I, class II division 1,classII division 2 and class III malocclusions were 36.92%, 39.74%, 2.56% and 14.87%. out of 400 cases the distribution of various occlusal abnormality were spacing 40%, crowding 46.92%, cross bite 23.07%, open bite 8.46%, impaction 6.41%, rotation 20%, median diastema 13.58%, absent  teeth 7.69%, mesiodense 2.51% and cleft lip and palate was 1.28%. Most prevalence  age group seeking orthodontics treatment was 16 to 20 years with female to male ratio 2.45 :1.Conclusion: class I malocclusion was the most prevalent followed by class II malocclusion and class III malocclusion showed least prevalence.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Adenoids, Upper Airway, and Tongue Using “Predictors of Difficult Airways” in Class II Division 1 and Division 2 Cases with Class I Cases: Prospective In Vivo Observational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422096341
Author(s):  
Smita Mangesh Choudhari ◽  
Sunita Shrivastav
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Difficult Airways ◽  
Mandibular Protrusion ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Introduction: Altered nasorespiratory function leads to altered craniofacial growth. Thus, airway evaluation is important for preventive, interceptive, and corrective orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare adenoids, the upper airway, the tongue, and mandibular dimensions using “predictors of difficult airways” in class II division 1 and class II division 2 cases with class I cases. Method: Sixty subjects of age 15 to 18 years were divided into 3 groups (group 1: class I cases; group 2: class II division 1 cases; and group 3: class II division 2 cases) based on cephalometric parameters, with 20 cases in each group. Cephalometric evaluation of adenoids and the nasopharyngeal airway was done using the Handelman–Osborne area method. Upper and lower airway evaluation was done using McNamara’s linear method. “Predictors of difficult airways” were used for evaluation of the airway, which included nasal competency, the Mallampati scale, mandibular length, mandibular protrusion, and the thyromental distance. Results: The present study found a significant positive correlation between the grades of nasal competency and percentage adenoid wall area, and a significant negative correlation between the grades of nasal competency and the upper airway. There was a significant positive correlation between the grades of nasal competency and mandibular length, and a significant positive correlation between the grades of mandibular protrusion and mandibular length. There was a significant positive correlation between the grades of the thyromental distance and mandibular length. Conclusion: It was concluded that the “predictors of difficult airways” would be helpful in early diagnosis and identification of potential risk factors that may cause “breathing disorders”–related malocclusions and later on increase the risk of developing OSA.

scholarly journals Correction of gummy smile by superior repositioning of maxilla in Bangladeshi people

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Masud ◽  
Muhammad Shohag Shikder ◽  
Mohammad Tofazzal Hossan ◽  
Mohammad Mahfuzul Gani ◽  
Mohammad Wahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Le Fort I Osteotomy ◽  
Le Fort ◽  
Le Fort I ◽  
Gummy Smile

Vertical maxillary excess is associated with gummy smile, incompetent lip,  bimaxillary proclination, Angle’s class-I or class-II malocclusion with or without retogenia. After proper evaluation preoperative orthodontic treatment was performed in every cases and superior repositioning of the maxilla by Le Fort-I osteotomy is presented. Three patients with maxillary excess associated with retrogenia or microgenia were treated with this technique in combination with genioplasty. The maxillary segment was repositioned a maximum of 7.0 mm superiorly at point A. The mandible autorotated anterosuperiorly to achieve sound occlusion. Point B moved 1.0–3.0 mm anteriorly and 5.0–8.0 mm superiorly. The pogonion moved 4.0 mm anteriorly in a case done without genioplasty and the pogonion moved maximum 8.0mm in case done in combination with genioplasty. All patients obtained sound occlusion and a good profile after the operation. Almost no skeletal relapse was observed during 3 years of postoperative follow-up. Amount of gingiva showing during smile was ranges from 5.0mm –7.0mm which was 0-2.0mm after superior repositioning of the maxilla. Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2016; Vol-6 (1-2), P.1-5

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