Co-ordinate Grids for Three-dimensional Facial Measurement

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Head Positioning

Alternative methods for recording the shape of the facial soft tissue integument in three dimensions are discussed. The requirements for and problems associated with head positioning are indicated, and a technique is described by which head positioning errors can be overcome. The results of three-dimensional analysis of a sample of human subjects are described, with particular reference to the method of analysis and orientation planes selected. Finally, possible clinical uses for three-dimensional recording are suggested.

scholarly journals Postoperative volume increase of facial soft tissue after percutaneous versus endonasal osteotomy technique in rhinoplasty using 3D stereophotogrammetry

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
B. van Loon ◽  
N. van Heerbeek ◽  
T.J.J. Maal ◽  
W.A. Borstlap ◽  
K.J.A.O. Ingels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Osteotomy Technique ◽  
3D Stereophotogrammetry ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND: When lateral osteotomies are performed as part of a rhinoplasty, the nose and paranasal region invariably change in three dimensions. The PURPOSE of this study is to compare the effect of the percutaneous perforating and endonasal continuous osteotomy techniques concerning the degree of postoperative swelling using three dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry. METHODOLOGY: A prospective follow-up study was conducted. Patients requiring bilateral osteotomies were included and randomly underwent a percutaneous osteotomy on one side and an endonasal osteotomy on the other side. Pre- and postoperative 3D photos were acquired using 3D stereophotogrammetry. Volumetric measurement data were acquired from the paranasal region using 3D software. Measurements were compared using Student`s t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test statistics. RESULTS: Twenty patients were included. A percutaneous osteotomy was performed on the right side in nine patients and on the left side in 11 patients. The total volume, the volume of the right paranasal and left paranasal region were significantly larger postoperative. No difference was found between the sides. CONCLUSIONS: No difference concerning swelling is found between the percutaneous and endonasal osteotomy technique sides. With 3D stereophotogrammetry volumetric data can be acquired and compared to evaluate soft-tissue changes.

Three-Dimensional Analysis Techniques—Part 1: Three-Dimensional Soft-Tissue Analysis of 24 Adult Cleft Palate Patients following Le Fort I Maxillary Advancement: A Preliminary Report

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Mccance ◽  
James P. Moss ◽  
W. Rick Fright ◽  
Alf D. Linney ◽  
David R. James
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Le Fort ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Soft Tissue Changes ◽  
Le Fort I

The three-dimensional, facial soft-tissue changes of 24 patients with various cleft types following transpalatal Le Fort I osteotomy were measured using laser scanning techniques, radial measurements, and a color millimetric scale. There was a varying degree of midface retrusion in the different cleft groups, and a very similar pattern of retrusion over the nasal complex. Each group of patients showed a varying degree of relapse postsurgically, but there was a failure in all the cleft groups to correct the lack of nasal projection.

Can the Effect of Soft Tissue Artifact Be Eliminated in Upper-Arm Internal-External Rotation?

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxin Zhang ◽  
David G. Lloyd ◽  
Amity C. Campbell ◽  
Jacqueline A. Alderson
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Movement Artifact ◽  
Sinusoidal Pattern ◽  
Soft Tissue Artifact

The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of soft tissue artifact during three-dimensional motion capture and assess the effectiveness of an optimization method to reduce this effect. Four subjects were captured performing upper-arm internal-external rotation with retro-reflective marker sets attached to their upper extremities. A mechanical arm, with the same marker set attached, replicated the tasks human subjects performed. Artificial sinusoidal noise was then added to the recorded mechanical arm data to simulate soft tissue artifact. All data were processed by an optimization model. The result from both human and mechanical arm kinematic data demonstrates that soft tissue artifact can be reduced by an optimization model, although this error cannot be successfully eliminated. The soft tissue artifact from human subjects and the simulated soft tissue artifact from artificial sinusoidal noise were demonstrated to be considerably different. It was therefore concluded that the kinematic noise caused by skin movement artifact during upper-arm internal-external rotation does not follow a sinusoidal pattern and cannot be effectively eliminated by an optimization model.

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