Urban housing and the role of 'underclass' processes: the case of Ireland

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Nolan ◽  
Christopher T. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Urban Deprivation

Rising levels of urban deprivation and a perception that poverty has become more concentrated in such areas and has taken on a qualitatively different character have provoked a variety of popular and academic responses. The potentially most fruitful set of hypotheses focuses on the unintended consequences of social change. A combination of weak labour force attachment and social isolation is perceived to lead to behaviour and orientations that contribute to a vicious circle of deprivation. In examining the value of this conceptual framework in the Irish case we proceed by measuring directly the social-psychological factors which are hypothesized to mediate the 'underclass' process. A significantly higher level of poverty is found in urban public-sector tenant households. This finding cannot be accounted for entirely by socio-demographic differences. It is the assessment of this net or residual effect that is crucial to an evaluation of vicious circle explanations. Controlling for the critical social-psychological factors we found that net effect was reduced by less than a quarter and concluded that the remaining effect is more plausibly attributed to the role of selection than to underclass processes. Analysis of the changing relationship between urban public-sector tenancy and poverty provides support for this interpretation. For the main part the distinctiveness of social housing tenants is a consequence of the disadvantages they suffer in relation to employment opportunities and living standards. Ultimately it is these problems that policy interventions, whatever the level at which they take place, must address.

scholarly journals Digitalization Of Communication And The Spiral Of Silence Theory

wisdom ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Anahit HAKOBYAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Spiral Of Silence ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Spiral Of Silence

This article discusses the issue of the influence of digital technologies on manifestations and transformation of the spiral of silence phenomenon. An analysis is given on the role of the Internet as a public sphere, and the results of recent researches on spiral of silence manifestations on online-based platforms are discussed. The author comes to the conclusion that manifestations of spiral of silence are crucial in the process of the development of the Internet as a public sphere, and, communicative, technological and social-psychological factors, discussed in this paper, will determine whether and how online-based platforms will contribute democratic processes.   

scholarly journals Social-Psychological Factors in Food Consumption of Rural Residents: The Role of Perceived Need and Habit within the Theory of Planned Behavior

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1203
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Huang ◽  
Gerrit Antonides ◽  
Fengying Nie
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Food Items

To address the problem of malnutrition in poor rural areas of China, this study aims to examine the effects of social-psychological factors in food consumption of rural residents in poor counties of Southwest China. In addition, it investigates the role of perceived need and habit within the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting food consumption. A survey with random sampling was conducted on rural residents (n = 424), and the theoretical frameworks of both the standard and extended TPB were applied for comparison purposes. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the relationships among constructs. Consumption of five food items was studied, respectively: meat, eggs, dairy, fish, and fruits. Results showed that incorporation of perceived need and habit substantially increased the explanatory power of the TPB, but these factors only had significant direct effects on intention rather than behavior. Perceived need and habit are stronger predictors of intention than any other TPB construct for consumption of all food items except for meat. We found indirect effects of the constructs in the extended TPB model on consumption to be different across food items. Practical implications to improve consumption of different food items were proposed accordingly.

The Role of the Police in Evacuations

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Bonkiewicz ◽  
R. Barry Ruback
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Relationship

Disaster evacuations are stressful events in which citizens and law enforcement frequently interact with each other. Most emergency response plans are based on military strategies that operate independent of the general public, but we argue that the police must be cognizant of several social psychological factors that affect citizens’ behavior during evacuations, including risk perception, social networks, and access to resources. Drawing from social psychological, criminal justice, and disaster research, we propose a model that (a) describes how citizens’ priorities and behaviors change as a disaster evolves and (b) identifies policing strategies that accommodate these changing behaviors and facilitate a successful evacuation. Our model, embedded in how people behave and what police are taught, can increase citizen compliance with law enforcement during disaster evacuations, remove more citizens from harm, save lives, and improve the relationship between communities and the police.

scholarly journals Divergence in heritage Ambon Malay in the Netherlands: The role of social-psychological factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-411
Author(s):  
Francesca R Moro
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Double Object ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
The Social

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: This article examines the role of social-psychological factors in the development of heritage Ambon Malay in the Netherlands. More specifically, it aims to answer this question: Can social-psychological factors account for the different frequency of Dutch-like structures among heritage speakers? Design/Methodology/Approach: Data from 32 Ambon Malay heritage speakers and 27 Ambon Malay homeland speakers were collected by means of video stimuli and a sociolinguistic interview. Data and Analysis: The database provides six linguistic variables and three social-psychological factors. The linguistic variables are as follows: the pre-verbal marker ada; the definite marker = nya; the double object construction; the prepositional phrase and adjectival phrase in resultative constructions; the pre-nominal order for the demonstrative itu and the numeral satu ‘one’. The social-psychological factors are where the speaker lives, onset of Dutch bilingualism and attitude. The effect of the social-psychological factors on the linguistic variables was assessed using a multivariate general linear model. Findings/Conclusions: The results show that place where the speaker lives is the best predictor. Heritage speakers living outside a Moluccan ward have a higher rate of Dutch-like features than speakers living inside a Moluccan ward. In some cases, sequential bilinguals are more innovative than simultaneous bilinguals. Finally, speakers with only a mild positive attitude towards the heritage language have a higher rate of Dutch-like features. Originality: Unlike previous studies, this article does not test the role of social-psychological factors against self-ratings of heritage language proficiency, but it uses real language data. Significance/Implications: The theoretical significance of this study is to bridge the gap between the sphere of language structure and the sphere of language use and language attitude. An additional value lies in its findings that frequent use of the heritage language means not only a higher rate of maintenance but also accelerated change.

scholarly journals Social Psychological Characteristics Of Adolescents Who Have Committed Suicide Attempts

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Tukhtakhon Gaynazarovna Suleymanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Information

The article analyzes the approaches aimed at studying the determinants of social and individual psychological factors that lead to suicidal attempts during adolescence. It also classifies the traumatic effects of social psychological factors that lead to suicidal ideation during adolescence. It should be noted that the role of interpersonal and family relationships in the manifestation of suicidal behavior in adolescents is high. Information about a person’s unconscious tendencies can be obtained by studying the characteristics of suicides left before death. According to the researchers, the common feature for them is that the text occupies the entire width of the page, the side lines are small or absent, the lines are not separated from each other.

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