scholarly journals Cytochemical localization of blood group substances in human salivary glands using lectin-gold complexes.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nakajima ◽  
N Ito ◽  
K Nishi ◽  
Y Okamura ◽  
T Hirota
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Cytochemical Localization ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
In Cells

We investigated localization of blood group antigens and their related substances in human labial salivary and submandibular glands by application of a post-embedding cytochemical staining procedure using lectin- or glycoprotein-gold complexes. Surgical tissue was obtained from 10 patients. Blood group-specific lectins, such as Dolichos biflorus agglutinin or Helix pomatia agglutinin (group A-specific), Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-I B4 (group B-specific), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (group H-specific) could recognize A, B, and H antigens, respectively, only in mature secretory granules (mature SG), which were found preferentially in cells in the late phase of the maturation cycle. In immature secretory granules (immature SG), which were found in cells in the early or middle phase of the maturation cycle, no binding with these lectins was observed. The Golgi complexes and endoplasmic reticula also were not labeled with these lectins. In blood group O and B secretors, blood group antigens were uniformly distributed throughout all the mature SG examined. However, in blood group A secretors, the distribution was heterogeneous, i.e., in some granules only H antigen was demonstrated, whereas in others both A antigens and a small amount of H antigens were detected. Among the blood group-nonspecific lectins, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was found to bind more preferentially to immature SG than to mature SG. This was demonstrated irrespective of the blood group and secretor status of the tissue donor, except that in blood group A secretors WGA bound strongly to some mature SG which possessed A antigen. We discuss the significance of cellular and subcellular mosaic distribution of blood group antigens in connection with morphological differences of secretory granules and the maturation cycle of mucous cells.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural immunocytochemical studies of blood group substances in human eccrine glands.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1815-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Yotsumoto ◽  
S Tsuyama ◽  
M Tashiro ◽  
F Murata
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Dark Cells ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Eccrine Glands ◽  
Group A ◽  
Blood Group Substances ◽  
Labeling Pattern

We investigated the ultrastructure of blood group antigens A, B, and H in human eccrine glands by means of the immunogold labeling technique. Blood group antigens A, B, and H were found in the Golgi apparatus, secretory granules, and over the apical and basolateral cell membranes of dark cells of eccrine glands depending on the blood group phenotype of the donors. Both A and B antigens were found in the dark cells of AB donors. The labeling pattern of the Golgi stacks seemed to have a polarity whereby the anti-blood group A antibody labeled all the stacks, whereas anti-blood groups B and H bound to the trans side of the Golgi complex. These observations suggest that the blood group substances are secreted into the lumen after being processed through the Golgi apparatus and the immature and mature granules in the dark cells of human eccrine glands.

scholarly journals Heterogeneic expression of blood group A and H isoantigens in bladder tumors: association with nuclear volume.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1153-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
T F Orntoft ◽  
K Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Nuclear Volume ◽  
Intratumor Heterogeneity ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Pathological Grade ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

Intratumor heterogeneity is a major problem in immunodiagnosis and treatment of carcinomas. To elucidate the well-known heterogeneity in transitional-cell carcinomas of the ability to express blood group ABO isoantigens, a stereological estimate of the mean nuclear volume in areas expressing blood group antigens was compared to the estimate from areas of identical pathological grade at which antigen expression was deleted. Four microscopic fields were examined from antigen-positive and four from antigen-negative areas in sections from 21 blood group O and 20 blood group A individuals. The sections were stained before examination by an indirect peroxidase method using monoclonal anti-H and anti-A antibodies. The mean nuclear volume increased, as expected, with increasing pathological grade. In blood group O individuals the mean nuclear volume was 241.5 microns 3 in antigen-positive areas and 338.2 microns 3 in antigen-negative areas (2p less than 0.0005) of identical pathological grade. In group A individuals the mean nuclear volume was 217.1 microns 3 in positive areas and 351.1 microns 3 in corresponding negative areas (2p less than 0.0025). The variation in volume parameter was essentially caused by a true variation between tumors (greater than 82%). The results indicate a complex biological mechanism associated with the cellular ability to express blood group antigens.

scholarly journals Blood Group A Antigen Is a Coreceptor inPlasmodium falciparum Rosetting

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 2971-2975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Barragan ◽  
Peter G. Kremsner ◽  
Mats Wahlgren ◽  
Johan Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
General Feature ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Rosette Formation ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum utilizes molecules present on the surface of uninfected red blood cells (RBC) for rosette formation, and a dependency on ABO antigens has been previously shown. In this study, the antirosetting effect of immune sera was related to the blood group of the infected human host. Sera from malaria-immune blood group A (or B) individuals were less prone to disrupt rosettes from clinical isolates of blood group A (or B) patients than to disrupt rosettes from isolates of blood group O patients. All fresh clinical isolates and laboratory strains exhibited distinct ABO blood group preferences, indicating that utilization of blood group antigens is a general feature of P. falciparumrosetting. Soluble A antigen strongly inhibited rosette formation when the parasite was cultivated in A RBC, while inhibition by glycosaminoglycans decreased. Furthermore, a soluble A antigen conjugate bound to the cell surface of parasitized RBC. Selective enzymatic digestion of blood group A antigen from the uninfected RBC surfaces totally abolished the preference of the parasite to form rosettes with these RBC, but rosettes could still form. Altogether, present data suggest an important role for A and B antigens as coreceptors in P. falciparum rosetting.

Normal Human Serum Contains Natural Antibodies Reactive With Autologous ABO Blood Group Antigens

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 4418-4424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio H. Spalter ◽  
Srini V. Kaveri ◽  
Emmanuelle Bonnin ◽  
Jean-Claude Mani ◽  
Jean-Pierre Cartron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Natural Antibodies ◽  
Normal Human Serum ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normal Human

Abstract It is widely accepted that the serum of healthy individuals contains natural antibodies only against those blood group A or B antigens that are not expressed on the individual’s red blood cells. The mechanisms involved in tolerance to autologous blood group antigens remain unclear. In the present study, we show that IgM and IgG antibodies reactive with autologous blood group antigens are present in the immunoglobulin fraction of normal human serum. Natural IgG anti-A antibodies purified by affinity chromatography from IgG of individuals of blood group A exhibited an affinity for A trisaccharide antigen in the micromolar range and agglutinated A red cells at sixfold higher concentrations than those required for agglutination with affinity-purified anti-A IgG of individuals of blood group B. Whereas autoantibodies reactive with self A and B antigens are readily detected in purified IgG and IgM fractions, their expression is restricted in whole serum as a result of complementary interactions between variable regions of antibodies. These observations suggest that tolerance to autologous ABO blood group antigens is dependent on peripheral control of antibody autoreactivity.

scholarly journals Relationships between gastrointestinal microbiota and blood group antigens

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuhya Gampa ◽  
Phillip A. Engen ◽  
Rima Shobar ◽  
Ece A. Mutlu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
The Impact

FUT2 is a gene for a fucosyltransferase that encodes expression of ABO blood group antigens found on gastrointestinal mucosa and secretions. We hypothesized that the fecal microbiomes of healthy subjects, with blood group antigens A, B, and O, have differing compositions. We analyzed 33 fecal and blood specimens from healthy subjects for FUT2 genotype, and the fecal microbiome was determined by 454 pyrosequencing. Our data show that being a blood group secretor is associated with less diversity at higher orders of taxonomy; and the presence of blood group A antigens in the secretor subjects are associated with an expansion families of bacteria within the gut. Furthermore, our study confirms the previous findings that secretors and nonsecretors have differing bacterial taxa. This extends the previous findings by demonstrating that the impact of being a nonsecretor is higher than that of individual blood group antigens. Additionally, we demonstrate that both secretor status and blood group antigen expression especially affect the Lachnospiraceae family of bacteria within the gut microbiome, with lower abundances noted in nonsecretors and higher abundances in secretors of various blood groups. We further note specific differences in blood group A-secretors demonstrating that the genus Blautia is lower in the group A-secretors compared with the non-A-secretors and that this reduction is accompanied by higher abundances of members of the Rikenellaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Clostridiales, and Turicibacter. This study offers a first insight into the relationship between the fecal microbiome and blood group antigens in secretors.

scholarly journals Typing Blood Cells, One At A Time

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Helix Pomatia ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Active Molecule ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Group A ◽  
Snail Helix Pomatia

We are all familiar with the 4 groups of human blood types; 0, A, B, and AB. Each group is characterized by specific molecules on the surface of the red blood cells (RBCs). Recently, Michel Grandbois, Wolfgang Dettmann, Martin Benoit, and Hermann Gaub have modified the atomic force microscope (AFM) to use the different affinities of these molecules to produce an image.A key step was to specifically functionalize the scanning probe tip of the AFM. What this means is to covalently attach an active molecule to the tip. The active molecule they used was a Iectin derived from the snail Helix pomatia (this is the same snail valued by the French as escargot). This Iectin binds specifically to molecules found on the surface of RBCs in blood group A (N-acetylgalactosamine-terminated glycolipids), but these molecules are not found in blood group O. But if the Iectin was bound directly to the AFM tip, nonspecific adsorption to the specimens would occur.

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