scholarly journals Effect of cisplatin on the plasma membrane phosphatase activities in ascites sarcoma-180 cells: a cytochemical study.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Aggarwal ◽  
I Niroomand-Rad
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Sarcoma 180 ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Tissue Culture Media

To study the effects of cisplatin [cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum (II)] on tumor cells in the presence or absence of the immune system, animals with ascites sarcoma-180 tumor burden were treated with therapeutic dose levels (9 mg/kg). Similarly, ascites sarcoma-180 cells were maintained in tissue culture media containing the same levels of the drug. Cell samples were taken from the animals at 12-hr intervals for 3 days, whereas samples were drawn from the tissue cultures at 15-, 30-, 45-, and 60-min and at 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-hr intervals. Treated and untreated cells from in vitro and in vivo experiments, when checked for alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Na+-K+-ATPase, show a gradual decrease in activity on the plasma membrane. It takes about 60 min for inactivation of any enzyme in vitro, whereas it takes 2 days in in vivo experiments. Quantitative analysis show alkaline phosphatase activity drops from 9.7 to 4.9 nmol in just 15 min, and drops further to 0.79 nmol after 2 hr. Inactivation of various plasma membrane enzymes, resulting in permeability changes, is probably responsible for cell death.

scholarly journals Sirtuin 1 Modulation in Rat Model of Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity

2015 ◽  
pp. S477-S487 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. WOJNAROVÁ ◽  
N. KUTINOVÁ CANOVÁ ◽  
H. FARGHALI ◽  
T. KUČERA
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is involved in important biological processes such as energy metabolism and regulatory functions of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and inflammation. Our previous studies have shown hepatoprotective effect of polyphenolic compound resveratrol, which is also an activator of SIRT1. Therefore, the aim of our present study was to clarify the role of SIRT1 in process of hepatoprotection in animal model of drug-induced liver damage. Male Wistar rats were used for both in vivo and in vitro studies. Hepatotoxicity was induced by single dose of acetaminophen (APAP). Some rats and hepatocytes were treated by resveratrol or synthetic selective activator of sirtuin 1 (CAY10591). The degree of hepatotoxicity, the activity and expression of the SIRT1 were determined by biochemical, histological and molecular-biological assessments of gained samples (plasma, liver tissue, culture media and hepatocytes). Resveratrol and CAY attenuated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, both drugs enhanced APAP-reduced SIRT1 activity. Our results show that modulation of the SIRT1 activity plays a role in hepatoprotection. Synthetic activators of SIRT1 would help in understanding the role of SIRT1 and are therefore a major boost towards the search for specific treatment of liver disease.

scholarly journals Induced callus from seedlings of Peganum harmala L. and studying harmine compound concentration in vitro and in vivo by GC analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1442-1451
Author(s):  
H. H. Mutasher ◽  
H. J. Attiya
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Compound Concentration ◽  
Stimulation Of

Plant tissue culture considers a benefit biotechnological technique for scientific research especially the production of undifferentiation callus cells and regeneration through suspension or static media. The seedlings of Peganum harmala was used as a source to produce callus mass in vitro in static media through different tissue culture media supplemented by varying combinations of plant growth regulators (PGR). The result illustrates that 2 mg/l of Kinitine with 0.5 mg/l of 2, 4-D was efficient to stimulate callus induction with percent 100% in stem and root of P. harmala and this combination gave a high fresh weight, 1954 mg in root and 1170mg in stem and high dry weight in root and stem was 74.60, 60.30 respectively. In a comparative analysis through gas chromatography (GC) the stem and root in field recorded harmine concentration 56.13 and 40.95 μg respectively, which was higher than the in vitro callus induction from stem and root, which may be due to the fact that field plants have not been exposed to plant hormones with concentrations higher than the normal level, which reduced the stimulation of cells producing active compounds.

scholarly journals Application of Date Seeds Powder as Growth Additive for Callus Induction in vitro Using Vigna radiata Hypocotyl Seedling Explant

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Salla Hemadri Reddy ◽  
Ibtihal Sultan Al Maskari ◽  
Shaima Eid Alrubkhi ◽  
Shamsa Sulaiman Alkindi
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Date Seed ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Seedling Explant

Date seeds (Phoenix dectylifera) are one of the seeds that is not usable and always end to be disposed. The present study describes date seeds as an additive on callus induction in vitro from hypocotyl explants of Vigna radiata. The objective is to explore the usage of date seed powder as growth additive to promote in plant tissue culture media thereby it can be utilized as fertilizer in vivo for sustainable agriculture. 1% concentrations of date seed powder under controlled conditions highly influenced the callus induction. MS media supplied with different auxins is prepared for callus induction. The highest degree of callus weight was observed in MS media supplemented with (5mg/L) 2, 4-D + (0.5 mg/L) Kn (0.437±0.1). MS media supplied with different concentrations of date seed powder + (5mg/L) 2,4-D + (0.5 mg/L) Kn are prepared for callus induction under controlled conditions (16hrs light and 8hrs dark, 3000 lux light intensity,60% humidity and 25±20c) in a plant growth chamber.  MS media supplied with 1% date seed + 3% sucrose + 0.5 mg/l of Kn +5 mg/l of 2,4D gave the highest stimulation of callus growth. Results show that date seed is not replacing sucrose as a carbon source, but it acts as a good additive to promote induction callus. Quantitative nutritional analysis of date seed powder was carried out. The results show date seed powder contains a high amount of elements like: Ca (2994.33), k (1712.33), Si (456.33), Mg (687.33), which plays a major role in callus formation.

Stress response inhibits the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (1) ◽  
pp. F125-F132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie H. Hanigan ◽  
Mei Deng ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Peyton T. Taylor ◽  
Maia G. Lapus
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity ◽  
Tissue Culture Media

Salt loading and saline hydration are used to protect patients from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The mechanism by which salt exerts its protective effect is unknown. As part of an ongoing study of cisplatin nephrotoxicity, an in vitro assay system was developed that models the in vivo exposure and response of proximal tubule cells to cisplatin. In this study, it was discovered that the toxicity of cisplatin toward LLC-PK1 cells varied dramatically according to the tissue culture media used for 3-h cisplatin exposure. Further experiments revealed that minor variations in the sodium concentration among standard tissue culture media modulated cisplatin nephrotoxicity. NaCl has been shown to protect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo but has never before been demonstrated in vitro. NaCl did not alter the cellular accumulation of cisplatin. NaCl altered the osmolarity of the external media, and its effect was replicated by substituting equiosmolar concentrations of impermeant anions or cations. The change in osmolarity triggered a stress response within the cell that modulated sensitivity to cisplatin. These data resolve several long-standing controversies regarding the mechanism by which salt loading protects the kidney from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Cytological changes induced by platinum-thymine in sarcoma-180 cells: Electron microscopy study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
Gustav Ofosu
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Sarcoma 180 ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cytological Changes

Platinum-thymine has been found to be a potent antitumor agent, which is quite soluble in water, and lack nephrotoxicity as the dose-limiting factor. The drug has been shown to interact with DNA and inhibits DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in mammalian cells in vitro. This investigation was undertaken to elucidate the cytotoxic effects of piatinum-thymine on sarcoma-180 cells in vitro ultrastructurally, Sarcoma-180 tumor bearing mice were treated with intraperitoneal injection of platinum-thymine 40mg/kg. A concentration of 60μg/ml dose of platinum-thymine was used in in vitro experiments. Treatments were at varying time intervals of 3, 7 and 21 days for in vivo experiments, and 30, 60 and 120 min., 6, 12, and 24th in vitro. Controls were not treated with platinum-thymine.Electron microscopic analyses of the treated cells in vivo and in vitro showed drastic cytotoxic effect.

ANTITUMOR EFFECT OF COLLOIDAL SILVER BISILICATE IN EXPERIMENTAL IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-765
Author(s):  
Margarita Tyndyk ◽  
Irina Popovich ◽  
A. Malek ◽  
R. Samsonov ◽  
N. Germanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Ehrlich Carcinoma ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

The paper presents the results of the research on the antitumor activity of a new drug - atomic clusters of silver (ACS), the colloidal solution of nanostructured silver bisilicate Ag6Si2O7 with particles size of 1-2 nm in deionized water. In vitro studies to evaluate the effect of various ACS concentrations in human tumor cells cultures (breast cancer, colon carcinoma and prostate cancer) were conducted. The highest antitumor activity of ACS was observed in dilutions from 2.7 mg/l to 5.1 mg/l, resulting in the death of tumor cells in all studied cell cultures. In vivo experiments on transplanted Ehrlich carcinoma model in mice consuming 0.75 mg/kg ACS with drinking water revealed significant inhibition of tumor growth since the 14th day of experiment (maximally by 52% on the 28th day, p < 0.05) in comparison with control. Subcutaneous injections of 2.5 mg/kg ACS inhibited Ehrlich's tumor growth on the 7th and 10th days of the experiment (p < 0.05) as compared to control.

scholarly journals RNF141 interacts with KRAS to promote colorectal cancer progression

Oncogene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiuna Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Jiang ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Shiying Dou ◽  
Xiaoli Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation

AbstractRING finger proteins (RNFs) play a critical role in cancer initiation and progression. RNF141 is a member of RNFs family; however, its clinical significance, roles, and mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the expression of RNF141 in 64 pairs of CRC and adjacent normal tissues by real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis. We found that there was more expression of RNF141 in CRC tissue compared with its adjacent normal tissue and high RNF141 expression associated with T stage. In vivo and in vitro functional experiments were conducted and revealed the oncogenic role of RNF141 in CRC. RNF141 knockdown suppressed proliferation, arrested the cell cycle in the G1 phase, inhibited migration, invasion and HUVEC tube formation but promoted apoptosis, whereas RNF141 overexpression exerted the opposite effects in CRC cells. The subcutaneous xenograft models showed that RNF141 knockdown reduced tumor growth, but its overexpression promoted tumor growth. Mechanistically, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry indicated RNF141 interacted with KRAS, which was confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation, Immunofluorescence assay. Further analysis with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pull-down assays showed that RNF141 could directly bind to KRAS. Importantly, the upregulation of RNF141 increased GTP-bound KRAS, but its knockdown resulted in a reduction accordingly. Next, we demonstrated that RNF141 induced KRAS activation via increasing its enrichment on the plasma membrane not altering total KRAS expression, which was facilitated by the interaction with LYPLA1. Moreover, KRAS silencing partially abolished the effect of RNF141 on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, our findings presented that RNF141 functioned as an oncogene by upregulating KRAS activity in a manner of promoting KRAS enrichment on the plasma membrane in CRC.

scholarly journals Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Current Findings,Challenges, and Future Applications

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Nader Kameli ◽  
Anya Dragojlovic-Kerkache ◽  
Paul Savelkoul ◽  
Frank R. Stassen
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Protocol Standardization ◽  
Insight Into

In recent years, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have gained the interest of many experts in fields such as microbiology and immunology, and research in this field has exponentially increased. These nano-sized particles have provided researchers with a number of interesting findings, making their application in human health and disease very promising. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that PDEVs can exhibit a multitude of effects, suggesting that these vesicles may have many potential future applications, including therapeutics and nano-delivery of compounds. While the preliminary results are promising, there are still some challenges to face, such as a lack of protocol standardization, as well as knowledge gaps that need to be filled. This review aims to discuss various aspects of PDEV knowledge, including their preliminary findings, challenges, and future uses, giving insight into the complexity of conducting research in this field.

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