A spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between housing renovation, socioeconomic status, and urban forest ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
James WN Steenberg ◽  
Pamela J Robinson ◽  
Peter N Duinker
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Building Permit ◽  
The Relationship

Urban forest ecosystems are increasingly recognized as necessary components of a city's overall sustainability. The number of municipal governments planning and implementing urban forest management programs is rising, as the benefits of urban forest ecosystems are becoming common knowledge. However, the urban forest is an exceedingly complex and vulnerable social–ecological system that presents a wide array of management challenges. One area of concern that is understudied and worthy of investigation is the effects of housing renovation activities and neighborhood revitalization on the urban forest. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of renovation activity as a significant source of disturbance in urban forest ecosystems. We conducted ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression analyses using canopy cover, building permit data, and socioeconomic variables in Toronto, Canada. We then conducted a parcel-level assessment of tree mortality using ortho-imagery from 2003 and 2014 and government open data describing 16 years of renovation activity. Findings suggest that renovation activity, as indicated by building permit abundance, is a possible cause of tree mortality and subsequently a source of urban forest disturbance. Our findings also suggest that the relationship between renovation activity and canopy cover is highly complex, and is likely influenced by residential tree planting rates, land use mix, and different trajectories of urban change.

The impact of executives’ perceptions of environmental threats and organizational slack on innovation strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Wang ◽  
Biao Luo ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Zhengyun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Organizational Slack ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Innovation Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The paper aims to study the relationship between executives’ perceptions of environmental threats and innovation strategies and investigate the moderating effect of contextual factor (i.e. organizational slack) on such relations. It proposes a dualistic relationship between executives’ perceptions of environmental threats and innovation strategies, in which different perceptions of environmental threats will lead to corresponding innovation strategies, and dyadic organizational slack can promote such processes. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a survey with 163 valid questionnaires, which were all completed by executives. Hierarchical ordinary least-squares regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses proposed in this paper. Findings The paper provides empirical insights about that executives tend to choose exploratory innovation when they perceive environmental changes as likely loss threats, yet adopt exploitative innovation when perceiving control-reducing threats. Furthermore, unabsorbed slack (e.g. financial redundancy) positively moderates both relationships, while absorbed slack (e.g. operational redundancy) merely positively influences the relationship between the perception of control-reducing threats and exploitative innovation. Originality/value The paper bridges the gap between organizational innovation and cognitive theory by proposing a dualistic relationship between executives’ perceptions of environmental threats and innovation strategies. The paper further enriches innovation studies by jointly considering both subjective and objective influence factors of innovation and argues that organizational slack can moderate such dualistic relationship.

Audit committee characteristics and the moderating effect of Malaysian code of corporate governance on IPO liquidity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Mohammed Al-Masawa ◽  
Rasidah Mohd-Rashid ◽  
Hamdan Amer Al-Jaifi ◽  
Shaker Dahan Al-Duais
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Code Of Corporate Governance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to investigate the link between audit committee characteristics and the liquidity of initial public offerings (IPOs) in Malaysia, which is an emerging economy in Southeast Asia. Another purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of the revised Malaysian code of corporate governance (MCCG) on the link between audit committee characteristics and IPO liquidity. Design/methodology/approach The final sample consists of 304 Malaysian IPOs listed in 2002–2017. This study uses ordinary least squares regression method to analyse the data. To confirm this study’s findings, a hierarchical or four-stage regression analysis is used to compare the t-values of the main and moderate regression models. Findings The findings show that audit committee characteristics (size and director independence) have a positive and significant relationship with IPO liquidity. Also, the revised MCCG positively moderates the relationship between audit committee characteristics and IPO liquidity. Research limitations/implications This study’s findings indicate that companies with higher audit committee independence have a more effective monitoring mechanism that mitigates information asymmetry, thus reducing adverse selection issues during share trading. Practical implications Policymakers could use the results of this study in developing policies for IPO liquidity improvements. Additionally, the findings are useful for traders and investors in their investment decision-making. For companies, the findings highlight the crucial role of the audit committee as part of the control system that monitors corporate governance. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this work is a pioneering study in the context of a developing country, specifically Malaysia that investigates the impact of audit committee characteristics on IPO liquidity. Previously, the link between corporate governance and IPO liquidity had not been investigated in Malaysia. This study also contributes to the IPO literature by providing empirical evidence regarding the moderating effect of the revised MCCG on the relationship between audit committee characteristics and IPO liquidity.

Exploring consumers' response to text-based chatbots in e-commerce: the moderating role of task complexity and chatbot disclosure

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xusen Cheng ◽  
Ying Bao ◽  
Alex Zarifis ◽  
Wankun Gong ◽  
Jian Mou
Keyword(s):  
Task Complexity ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Identity Disclosure ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots have brought unprecedented business potential. This study aims to explore consumers' trust and response to a text-based chatbot in e-commerce, involving the moderating effects of task complexity and chatbot identity disclosure.Design/methodology/approachA survey method with 299 useable responses was conducted in this research. This study adopted the ordinary least squares regression to test the hypotheses.FindingsFirst, the consumers' perception of both the empathy and friendliness of the chatbot positively impacts their trust in it. Second, task complexity negatively moderates the relationship between friendliness and consumers' trust. Third, disclosure of the text-based chatbot negatively moderates the relationship between empathy and consumers' trust, while it positively moderates the relationship between friendliness and consumers' trust. Fourth, consumers' trust in the chatbot increases their reliance on the chatbot and decreases their resistance to the chatbot in future interactions.Research limitations/implicationsAdopting the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) framework, this study provides important insights on consumers' perception and response to the text-based chatbot. The findings of this research also make suggestions that can increase consumers' positive responses to text-based chatbots.Originality/valueExtant studies have investigated the effects of automated bots' attributes on consumers' perceptions. However, the boundary conditions of these effects are largely ignored. This research is one of the first attempts to provide a deep understanding of consumers' responses to a chatbot.

FC22-03 - Annual periodicity and personality: Season of birth is associated with affective temperaments

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1936-1936
Author(s):  
X. Gonda ◽  
Z. Rihmer ◽  
K.N. Fountoulakis ◽  
M. Pompili ◽  
P. Erdös ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Monoamine Metabolite ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesPeriodicity, cyclicity, and annual rhythms are inherent characteristics of living organisms, and have also been reported for diverse physiological and pathological conditions and phenomena. Season of birth was also associated with central monoamine and monoamine metabolite levels in several studies. Furthermore, several studies indicate a significant effect of season of birth on personality traits and characteristics. A relationship between birth season and novelty seeking has been described and confirmed in several studies. However, affective temperaments have not so far been studied with respect to their association with birth season.AimsThe aim of our present study was to investigate the possible association between affective temperaments and season of birth in a nonclinical sample.Methods366 university students completed the standardized Hungarian version of the TEMPS-A. Ordinary Least Squares regression was applied to explain the relationship between TEMPS-A subscales and birth season of the respondents.ResultsWe found a significant association between temperament scores and birth season in case of the Hyperthymic, Cyclothymic, Irritable and Depressive temperaments, while no significant results emerged for the Anxious temperament.ConclusionsOur results provide further evidence for an association between season of birth and personality, extending the results to affective temperaments as well. Furthermore, our results can be related to clinical observations concerning the seasonal variation of onset and hospitalization due to affective episodes, thus our results also have clinical significance.

New trends in intellectual capital reporting

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Manes Rossi ◽  
Giuseppe Nicolò ◽  
Paolo Tartaglia Polcini
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
University System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore a new way to disclose intellectual capital (IC) in universities through their websites. Going beyond traditional tools used for intellectual capital disclosure (ICD), this study aims at identifying possible determinants of ICD via the web. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyses the institutional websites of a sample of Italian universities adapting the theoretical framework developed by Low et al. (2015) to the peculiarities of the Italian university system. Moreover, the relationship between certain explanatory factors identified in previous research and the extent of online ICD represented by two disclosure indexes was tested through an ordinary least squares regression model. Findings The analysis reveals the extensive use of ICD via websites, especially regarding human and internal capital, while the disclosure of external capital through this means is still limited. Internationality and online visibility both positively affect the extent of a university’s ICD. Research limitations/implications The paper represents the first study investigating online ICD and its determinants in universities, contributing new knowledge to help answer the how and what of the matter. Practical implications The results can serve as encouragement to university managers to enhance online ICD to meet the information needs of a wider audience. Originality/value This is the first study to provide evidence about online ICD in universities and to reveal some of the possible determinants to improve this disclosure.

Effort-Reward Imbalance, Overcommitment, and Psychological Distress in Canadian Police Officers

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Janzen ◽  
Nazeem Muhajarine ◽  
Tong Zhu ◽  
I. W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship among Effort, Reward, and Overcommitment dimensions of Siegrist's Effort-Reward Imbalance Model and Psychological Distress in a sample of 78 Canadian police officers. Ages of respondents ranged between 24 and 56 years ( M = 36.1, SD=8.0). 30% of respondents had been in policing for 16 years or more, 24% between 6 and 15 years, and 44% for 5 years or less. Ordinary least-squares regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. After adjusting for age, sex, education, and marital status, higher levels of Effort-Reward Imbalance and Overcommitment were associated with greater Psychological Distress. Present findings support the utility of the model in this particular occupational group and add to the increasing literature suggesting association of Effort-Reward Imbalance, Overcommitment, and reduced mental health.

scholarly journals Negative self-appraisal mediates the relationship between mindfulness and confidence among adolescent female provincial hockey players in South Africa

10.17159/4371 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Stephen Walker
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Mounting evidence suggests that mindfulness is positively related to athletic performance and athlete wellbeing. However, few attempts have been made to uncover the psychological processes by which mindfulness might impact performance. Objective: To determine whether negative self-appraisal mediates the relationship between mindfulness and the confidence component of mental toughness among provincial adolescent female hockey players. Methods: Provincial adolescent female hockey players (N=486) completed measures of mindfulness, mental toughness-related confidence and negative self-appraisal. Correlation coefficients were calculated between all variables included in the study. An ordinary least-squares regression analysis was performed to test the indirect effect of negative self-appraisal on the relationship between mindfulness and confidence. Results: Negative self-appraisal exhibited an indirect effect on the relationship between mindfulness and the confidence component of mental toughness (b = .06, SE = .0, CI95 = .04, .09). A subsequent Soble test confirmed that negative self-appraisal served as a statistically significant mediator (b = .06, SE = .01, Z = 5.76, p = .001) in the model. Furthermore 78.3% of the variance in the effect of mindfulness on the confidence component of mental toughness was accounted for by negative self-appraisal. Conclusion: The effect of mindfulness on the confidence component of mental toughness among adolescent athletes is mediated by negative self-appraisal. Based on the current findings, mindfulness seems to foster confidence by lessening the impact of rigid negative appraisals of one’s performance and worth as an athlete. Keywords: mindfulness, confidence, negative self-appraisal, mediation, adolescent female athlete

Clarifying the interface between respectful leadership and intention to stay

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibeawuchi K. Enwereuzor ◽  
Lawrence E. Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Context ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Intention To Stay ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mandatory Training ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeConsidering that leaders play an important role in influencing the work environment and experiences of subordinates as well as the fact that employees like to be respected, the purpose of the current study was to explore supportive supervisor relations as a mediator of the relationship between respectful leadership and intention to stay.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 389 hospital nurses based on authors' personal networks at three measurement points. This was done to avoid problems associated with collecting data for predictor and criterion variables from the same source at the same time. The direct and indirect effects were tested with ordinary least squares regression-based path analysis.FindingsRespectful leadership was found to be positively related to both supportive supervisor relations and intention to stay. In addition, supportive supervisor relations had a positive relationship with intention to stay. Finally, the relationship between respectful leadership and intention to stay was mediated by supportive supervisor relations.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample were drawn from nurses only in a particularly region of a country and differences may exist among other occupational groups and geographical areas of the country in the way they perceive their leaders' behavior.Practical implicationsManagement of health facilities can utilize information from annual reviews and feedback from subordinates as performance evaluation criteria for rewarding leaders who treat their subordinates respectfully. However, leaders who are disrespectful toward their subordinates could be identified and subjected to mandatory training on respectful leadership.Originality/valueThe current study extends the present state of research on the impact exerted by respectful leadership in an organizational context never examined heretofore; that is, health care context. This is also the first study linking respectful leadership, supportive supervisor relations and intention to stay in unison in a single study.

Ownership structure and audit committee effectiveness: evidence from top GCC capitalized firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfoudh Abdulkarem Al-Musali ◽  
Mohammed Helmi Qeshta ◽  
Mohamed Ali Al-Attafi ◽  
Abood Mohammad Al-Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ownership Types

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to report on the level of audit committee (AC) effectiveness on the top capitalized firms in GCC countries and to empirically investigate the hypothesized influence of ownership types on the level of AC effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical data were drawn from annual reports of 119 top listed firms in Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) nations at the end of 2011. Ordinary least squares regression analysis was constructed to examine the relationships between ownership types and the level of AC effectiveness.FindingsThe findings revealed that family, government and institutional ownership, in addition to board independence, all have significant positive association with AC effectiveness, and they serve as a complement to AC effectiveness.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the study are important for policy makers and regulators as they could use them to understand the relationship between different corporate governance mechanisms and formulating best strategies that would help them to improve and adopt an optimal governance system constituted from interacting governance mechanisms.Originality/valueThis study is one of few that have examined the interaction between different corporate governance mechanisms. It provides insights about the relationship between AC effectiveness and other governance mechanisms in the GCC context.

The Intersection of Sexual and Racial/Ethnic Identity Centrality and Mental Well-Being among Black and Latinx Sexual Minority Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 019027252110376
Author(s):  
Zelma Oyarvide Tuthill
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Centrality ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Studies document how identity related processes, including identity centrality, shape mental well being. More research, however, is needed that considers how identity centrality impacts well being for people with more than one marginalized identity. Drawing from data from 1,571 black and Latinx sexual minorities included in the Social Justice Sexuality Project, I apply an intercategorical intersectional approach to examine the association between the intersection of sexual and racial/ethnic identity centrality and mental well being. Ordinary least squares regression models show three key findings. First, I found a significant association between both racial/ethnic and sexual identity centrality and mental well being. Second, my results highlight a significant interaction effect between sexual and racial/ethnic identity centrality, indicating the relationship between centrality and well being varies across different levels of centrality. Finally, my results indicate that after adjusting for identity centrality, other predictors remain significantly associated with well being.

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