scholarly journals Regulatory T-cells and their impacts on cytokine profile of end-stage renal disease patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 205873841986323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Fathi ◽  
Abdolamir Atapour ◽  
Nahid Eskandari ◽  
Niloufar Keyhanmehr ◽  
Hossein Hafezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Treg Number ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients ◽  
Tgf Β1

Autoimmunity is an identified factor for development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) play a fundamental role in preventing autoimmunity. This study aimed to determine Treg frequency and its effects on cytokine profile of ESRD patients with and without systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Moreover, this study also determines how Treg number is affected by blood transfusion and gender. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 26 ESRD and 10 healthy subjects and stained with anti-CD4, anti-CD25, and anti-FoxP3 antibodies. Treg frequencies in ESRD patients with and without blood transfusion were determined by flow cytometry. Antibodies against human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) were investigated by panel-reactive antibodies screening. Tumor growth factor (TGF)-β1, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-17A, and interferon (IFN)-γ serum levels in participants were measured by enzyme-linked immunoasorbent assay (ELISA). ESRD patients with SLE, unlike the patients without SLE, showed a significant reduction in Treg percentage compared to healthy subjects ( P < 0.01). All women had a reduced number of Tregs compared to men. Treg number was significantly decreased in ESRD patients with HLA antibodies ( P < 0.05). Blood transfusion enhanced Treg development in ESRD patients without SLE, unlike the patients with SLE ( P  < 0.05). ESRD patients with low Treg showed a reduction in TGF-β1 and IL-4 and an increase in TNF-α and IL-17A levels compared to control groups ( P  < 0.05–0.0001). However, no change was observed in IL-10 and IFN-γ levels. Treg frequency was negatively associated with the age of patients ( P < 0.01), while this association was not observed in healthy subjects. Based on these findings, it can be observed that reduction in Treg number may contribute to ESRD development in patients with SLE.

scholarly journals Both IL-1β and TNF-α Regulate NGAL Expression in Polymorphonuclear Granulocytes of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Arena ◽  
Giovanna Stassi ◽  
Daniela Iannello ◽  
Domenica Gazzara ◽  
Maria Calapai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Granulocytes ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Esrd Patients

Background. NGAL is involved in modulation of the inflammatory response and is found in the sera of uremic patients. We investigated whether hemodiafiltration (HDF) could influence the ability of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMGs) to release NGAL. The involvement of interleukin- (IL-)1β and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)α on NGAL release was evaluated.Methods. We studied end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients at the start of dialysis (Pre-HDF) and at the end of treatment (Post-HDF) and 18 healthy subjects (HSs). Peripheral venous blood was taken from HDF patients at the start of dialysis and at the end of treatment.Results. PMGs obtained from ESRD patients were hyporesponsive to LPS treatment, with respect to PMG from HS. IL-1β and TNF-α produced by PMG from post-HDF patients were higher than those obtained by PMG from pre-HDF. Neutralization of IL-1β, but not of TNF-α, determined a clear-cut production of NGAL in PMG from healthy donors. On the contrary, specific induction of NGAL in PMG from uremic patients was dependent on the presence in supernatants of IL-1β and TNF-α.Conclusion. Our data demonstrate that in PMG from healthy subjects, NGAL production was supported solely by IL-1β, whereas in PMG from HDF patients, NGAL production was supported by IL-1β, TNF-α.

scholarly journals Aggravated renal injury through HMGB1 upon TLR2/IL-1β inflammatory pathway in STZ-induced diabetic mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yuan ◽  
Yuanxia Liu ◽  
Huijing Ye ◽  
Yuchen Feng ◽  
Zhenzhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hmgb1 Expression ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the major cause of end-stage renal disease and is closely associated with the inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of HMGB upon TLR2/IL-1β signaling pathway in diabetic renal injury. After intraperitoneal injection of STZ for wo consecutive days, mice developed DKD companying with remarkable renal injury, manifested with albuminuria and renal histological characteristics. In the kidney, the expressions of HMGB1, TLR2 and p-NF-κB were obviously increased, and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly higher in DKD mice than that in normal mice. The infiltration of macrophages demonstrated by high stain of F4/80 and CD14 in the kidney of DKD mice. Furthermore, fibrosis related marker of Collagen IV, fibronectin and TGF-β1 showed highly expressions and accumulated in the kidney of DKD mice. In vitro, HMGB-mediated inflammatory pathway was activated in HMGB1/IL-1β-treated HK-2 cell, while C29 (a TLR2 inhibitor) could inhibited the HMGB1 expression. The result indicated that HMGB1-mediated TLR2/IL-1β signaling pathways facilitated macrophage recruitment and fibroblast proliferation, which resulting in a positive feedback to sustain a self-perpetuating cycle of renal inflammation. Therefore, HMGB1 might be a potential target in DKD therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Association between Mean Heart Rate and Recurrence Quantification Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in End-Stage Renal Disease

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Calderón-Juárez ◽  
Gertrudis Hortensia González-Gómez ◽  
Juan C. Echeverría ◽  
Héctor Pérez-Grovas ◽  
Claudia Lerma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients ◽  
Mean Heart Rate

Linear heart rate variability (HRV) indices are dependent on the mean heart rate, which has been demonstrated in different models (from sinoatrial cells to humans). The association between nonlinear HRV indices, including those provided by recurrence plot quantitative analysis (RQA), and the mean heart rate (or the mean cardiac period, also called meanNN) has been scarcely studied. For this purpose, we analyzed RQA indices of five minute-long HRV time series obtained in the supine position and during active standing from 30 healthy subjects and 29 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (before and after hemodialysis). In the supine position, ESRD patients showed shorter meanNN (i.e., faster heart rate) and decreased variability compared to healthy subjects. The healthy subjects responded to active standing by shortening the meanNN and decreasing HRV indices to reach similar values of ESRD patients. Bivariate correlations between all RQA indices and meanNN were significant in healthy subjects and ESRD after hemodialysis and for most RQA indices in ESRD patients before hemodialysis. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that RQA indices were also dependent on the position and the ESRD condition. Then, future studies should consider the association among RQA indices, meanNN, and these other factors for a correct interpretation of HRV.

Impact of haemodialysis on individual endogenous plasma acylcarnitine concentrations in end-stage renal disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E Reuter ◽  
Allan M Evans ◽  
Randall J Faull ◽  
Donald H Chace ◽  
Gianfranco Fornasini
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Acyl Chain Length ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing long-term haemodialysis exhibit low L-carnitine and elevated acylcarnitine concentrations. This study evaluated endogenous concentrations of an array of acylcarnitines (carbon chain length up to 18) in healthy individuals and ESRD patients receiving haemodialysis, and examined the impact of a single haemodialysis session on acylcarnitine concentrations. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 60 healthy subjects and 50 ESRD patients undergoing haemodialysis (pre- and post-dialysis samples). Plasma samples were analysed for individual acylcarnitine concentrations by electrospray MS/MS. Results: Of the 31 acylcarnitines, 29 were significantly ( P<0.05) elevated in ESRD patients compared with healthy controls; in particular, C5 and C8:1 concentrations were substantially elevated. For acylcarnitines with a carbon chain length less than eight, plasma acylcarnitine concentrations decreased significantly over the course of a single dialysis session; however, post-dialysis concentrations invariably remained significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. Dialytic removal of acylcarnitines diminished once the acyl chain length exceeded eight carbons. Conclusions: The accumulation of acylcarnitines during long-term haemodialysis suggests that removal by haemodialysis is less efficient than removal from the body by the healthy kidney. Removal is significantly correlated to acyl chain length, most likely due to the increased molecular weight and lipophilicity that accompanies increased chain length.

scholarly journals Increased concentrations of serum pentosidine in rheumatoid arthritis

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rodríguez-García ◽  
Jesús R Requena ◽  
Santiago Rodríguez-Segade
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Advanced Glycosylation End Products ◽  
Oxidative Reactions ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
End Products ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Advanced Glycosylation

Abstract Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) are thought to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Oxidative reactions are essential for the formation of some AGEs, termed glycoxidation products. Increased concentrations of pentosidine, one of such products, are found in tissue and serum in diabetes mellitus and in end-stage renal disease, suggesting that hyperglycemia and impaired renal function are important factors in AGE accumulation. We hypothesized that increased concentrations of pentosidine would also be found in pathological conditions associated with increased oxidative stress. We measured pentosidine in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus, and diabetes. Increased serum pentosidine was found in RA (108.4 ± 146.5 nmol/L, P &lt;0.002) and in diabetes (69.6 ± 42.4 nmol/L, P &lt;0.001) as compared with healthy subjects (48.3 ± 12.0 nmol/L). These results prove that AGEs may accumulate in the absence of hyperglycemia or impaired kidney function.

scholarly journals The association of secondary hyperparathyroidism and myocardial damages in hemodialysis end-stage renal disease patients: assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance native T1 mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huayan Xu ◽  
Wanlin Peng ◽  
Zhigang Yang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Chunchao Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
T1 Mapping ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Ipth Level ◽  
Native T1 ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Abstract Background Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which may be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this study aimed to explore myocardial damage using non-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis and further investigate its relationship with parathyroid hormone (PTH) toxicity. Methods Seventy-two adult ESRD patients receiving regular hemodialysis and 30 healthy subjects underwent CMR examination. Continuous CMR cine sections from the mitral valve level to the left ventricular (LV) apex in the short-axis plane, cine series of vertical two-chamber long-axis plane, and horizontal four-chamber plane were acquired. Native T1 mapping was obtained using modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequences. Native T1 values and myocardial strain were analyzed.  Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) was obtained from all enrolled patients. Results Forty (55.6%) hemodialysis ESRD patients were found to have increased iPTH levels. LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of both ESRD patients with targeted and increased iPTH levels was decreased compared with healthy subjects (55.9 ± 12.0% vs. 65.0 ± 4.5%; 51.7 ± 12.8 vs. 65.0 ± 4.5%, both P < 0.05). The mean peak radial strain (PRS), peak circumferential strain (PCS), and peak longitudinal strain (PLS) were lowest in ESRD patients with increased iPTH; however, no significant difference was observed among these three groups. Segmentally, from base to apex, the native T1 of ESRD patients with increased iPTH levels tended to be higher than those with targeted iPTH and healthy subjects (all P < 0.05). In ESRD patients with targeted iPTH, both native T1 of basal and middle segments were significantly higher than normal subjects (basal, 1304 ± 41 ms vs. 1238 ± 36 ms, P = 0.001; middle, 1300 ± 43 ms vs. 1242 ± 50 ms, P < 0.001). Comparing global native T1 values in the three groups, ESRD patients with targeted and increased iPTH level showed increased native T1 (1305 ± 41 ms vs. 1251 ± 49 ms, P = 0.001; 1334 ± 40 ms vs. 1251 ± 49 ms, P < 0.001, respectively). Native T1 values of the basal segment and global native T1 were moderately associated with iPTH (r = 0.4, P < 0.001; r = 0.5, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that global native T1 values (beta = 1.0, P = 0.01) were independently associated with iPTH. Conclusions Elevated iPTH level was associated with and was an independent risk factor for myocardial damage in ESRD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx) ChiCTR-DND-17012976, 13/12/2017, retrospectively registered.

Treatment with Cinacalcet in Hemodialysis Patients with Severe Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, Influences Bone Mineral Metabolism and Anemia Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-263
Author(s):  
Maria Aktsiali ◽  
Theodora Papachrysanthou ◽  
Ioannis Griveas ◽  
Christos Andriopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Sitaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Background: Due to the premium rate of Chronic Kidney Disease, we have increased our knowledge with respect to diagnosis and treatment of Bone Mineral Disease (BMD) in End- Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Currently, various treatment options are available. The medication used for Secondary Hyper-Parathyroidism gives promising results in the regulation of Ca, P and Parathormone levels, improving the quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation of cinacalcet administration to not only parathormone, Ca and P but also to anemia parameters such as hematocrit and hemoglobin. Materials and Methods: retrospective observational study was conducted in a Chronic Hemodialysis Unit. One-hundred ESRD patients were recruited for twenty-four months and were evaluated on a monthly rate. Biochemical parameters were related to medication prescribed and the prognostic value was estimated. Cinacalcet was administered to 43 out of 100 patients in a dose of 30-120 mg. Results: Significant differences were observed in PTH, Ca and P levels with respect to Cinacalcet administration. Ca levels appeared to be higher at 30mg as compared to 60mg cinacalcet. Furthermore, a decreasing age-dependent pattern was observed with respect to cinacalcet dosage. A positive correlation was observed between Dry Weight (DW) and cinacalcet dose. Finally, a positive correlation between Hematocrit and Hemoglobin and cinacalcet was manifested. Conclusions: Cinacalcet, is a potential cardiovascular and bone protective agent, which is approved for use in ESRD patients to assist SHPT. A novel information was obtained from this study, regarding the improvement of the control of anemia.

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