scholarly journals The clinical effect of smoking and environmental factors in spontaneous pneumothorax: a case-crossover study in an Inland province

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175346662097740
Author(s):  
Dohun Kim ◽  
Sang-Yong Eom ◽  
Chang-Seob Shin ◽  
Yong-Dae Kim ◽  
Si-Wook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Matched Data ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The factors that trigger spontaneous pneumothorax have not been sufficiently evaluated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the development of spontaneous pneumothorax and meteorological parameters, including air pollutants. Methods: This is a retrospective study using the medical records of 379 patients who were admitted for spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) over a period of 4 years. Meteorological and air pollution data were obtained from the National Meteorological Office and the Ministry of Environment. We employed a case-crossover design to evaluate the short-term association between SP and meteorological factors including air pollutants. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze bi-directional matched data. Results: Increase of relative humidity (RH) and of carbon monoxide (CO) were associated with the risk of pneumothorax, with odds ratio (OR) for RH = 1.18 (1.02–1.36), CO = 1.23 (1.02–1.48). Moreover, as air pressure (AP) decreased, risk of pneumothorax increased, with OR = 1.30 (1.05–1.59) but others did not. In the stratified analysis, the effect of RH was positive in ex-smokers (OR = 3.31) and non-smokers (OR = 1.32), but negative in current smokers (OR = 0.72). The effect of AP was significant in younger patients (OR = 1.33), males (OR = 1.40), and non-smokers (OR = 1.36). CO was related only with non-smokers (OR = 1.35) Conclusion: The triggering factors for spontaneous pneumothorax were relative humidity, carbon monoxide, and air pressure. The effect of the trigger was prominent in patients who were younger (<45 years), non- or ex-smokers, and male. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

scholarly journals Air Pollutants and Hospital Visits for Pneumonia: A Case-crossover Study in Qingdao, China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Zhang ◽  
Dunqiang Ren ◽  
Xue Cao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xue Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the outcome of these surveys. To explore the significance of the relationship between atmospheric pollution and hospital visits for pneumonia under the climate and pollution conditions in Qingdao, we carried out this study.Methods: The medical records of pneumonia patients were gathered from the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University during Jan 1st, 2014, and Dec 31st,2018. Daily concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, as well as CO, were collected from the national air quality monitoring stations in Qingdao. Case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression were used to calculate these materials. A principal component analysis was used to solve the multicollinearity between atmospheric pollutants and investigate the relationship between various air pollutants and pneumonia occurs.Results: In the single pollutant model, with interquartile range increment of the density of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 at the lag2 days, the odds ratio of hospital visits for pneumonia patients increased by 6.4% (95%CI, 2.3-10.7%), 7.7% (95%CI, 3.2-12.4%), 6.7% (95%CI, 1.0-12.7%), and 7.2% (95%CI, 1.1-13.5%). Stratified analysis showed that pollutants were more significant in the cold period. Besides, the impact of atmospheric particulates on different ages mainly occurs in the younger child. The odds ratio was 1.042 (95%CI, 1.2-7.2%) when the principal components of atmospheric pollutants were included in the conditional logistic model.Conclusion: Our study found a significant relationship between short-term uncovering to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and hospital visits for pneumonia in Qingdao. The effect of atmospheric pollutants mainly arose in a cold period. Particulate matter might the principal reason in inducing hospital visits for pneumonia.

scholarly journals The Value of Local Heatwave Impact Assessment: A Case-Crossover Analysis of Hospital Emergency Department Presentations in Tasmania, Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Campbell ◽  
Tomas A. Remenyi ◽  
Grant J. Williamson ◽  
Christopher J. White ◽  
Fay H. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Capacity Planning ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Hospital Emergency Department ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Research

Heatwaves have been identified as a threat to human health, with this impact projected to rise in a warming climate. Gaps in local knowledge can potentially undermine appropriate policy and preparedness actions. Using a case-crossover methodology, we examined the impact of heatwave events on hospital emergency department (ED) presentations in the two most populous regions of Tasmania, Australia, from 2008–2016. Using conditional logistic regression, we analyzed the relationship between ED presentations and severe/extreme heatwaves for the whole population, specific demographics including age, gender and socio-economic advantage, and diagnostic conditions that are known to be impacted in high temperatures. ED presentations increased by 5% (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09) across the whole population, by 13% (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24) for children 15 years and under, and by 19% (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04–1.36) for children 5 years and under. A less precise association in the same direction was found for those over 65 years. For diagnostic subgroups, non-significant increases in ED presentations were observed for asthma, diabetes, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation. These findings may assist ED surge capacity planning and public health preparedness and response activities for heatwave events in Tasmania, highlighting the importance of using local research to inform local practice.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollutants and hospital visits for pneumonia: A case-crossover study in Qingdao, China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Zhang ◽  
Dunqiang Ren ◽  
Xue Cao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xue Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the outcome of these surveys. To explore the relationship between atmospheric pollution and hospital visits for pneumonia under the climate and pollution conditions in Qingdao, we carried out this study.Methods: The medical records of pneumonia patients were gathered from the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University during Jan 1st, 2014, and Dec 31st,2018. Daily concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, as well as CO, were collected from the national air quality monitoring stations in Qingdao. Case-crossover study design and conditional logistic regression model were used to estimate the associations. Daily temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure were adjusted as the covariates in all models. A principal component analysis was used to solve the multicollinearity between atmospheric pollutants and investigate the relationship between various air pollutants and pneumonia occurs.Results: In the single pollutant model, with interquartile range increment of the density of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 at the lag2 days, the odds ratio of hospital visits for pneumonia patients increased by 6.4% (95%CI, 2.3-10.7%), 7.7% (95%CI, 3.2-12.4%), 6.7% (95%CI, 1.0-12.7%), and 7.2% (95%CI, 1.1-13.5%). Stratified analysis showed that pollutants were more significant in the cold period. Besides, the impact of atmospheric particulates on different ages mainly occurs in the young child (0 to 3-year-old). The odds ratio was 1.042 (95%CI, 1.012-1.072) when the principal components of atmospheric pollutants were included in the conditional logistic model.Conclusions: Our study found a significant relationship between short-term uncovering to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and hospital visits for pneumonia in Qingdao. The effect of atmospheric pollutants mainly arose in a cold period. The particulate matter might be the principal reason in inducing hospital visits for pneumonia.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollutants and hospital visits for pneumonia: A case-crossover study in Qingdao, China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Zhang ◽  
Dunqiang Ren ◽  
Xue Cao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xue Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the outcome of these surveys. To explore the significance of the relationship between atmospheric pollution and hospital visits for pneumonia under the climate and pollution conditions in Qingdao, we carried out this study.Methods: The medical records of pneumonia patients were gathered from the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University during Jan 1st, 2014, and Dec 31st,2018. Daily concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, as well as CO, were collected from the national air quality monitoring stations in Qingdao. A case-crossover study design and conditional logistic regression model were used to estimate the associations. Daily temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure were adjusted as the covariates in all models. A principal component analysis was used to solve the multicollinearity between atmospheric pollutants and investigate the relationship between various air pollutants and pneumonia occurs.Results: In the single pollutant model, with interquartile range increment of the density of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 at the lag2 days, the odds ratio of hospital visits for pneumonia patients increased by 6.4% (95%CI, 2.3-10.7%), 7.7% (95%CI, 3.2-12.4%), 6.7% (95%CI, 1.0-12.7%), and 7.2% (95%CI, 1.1-13.5%). Stratified analysis showed that pollutants were more significant in the cold period. Besides, the impact of atmospheric particulates on different ages mainly occurs in the young child (0 to 3-year-old). The odds ratio was 1.042 (95%CI, 1.2-7.2%) when the principal components of atmospheric pollutants were included in the conditional logistic model.Conclusion: Our study found a significant relationship between short-term uncovering to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and hospital visits for pneumonia in Qingdao. The effect of atmospheric pollutants mainly arose in a cold period. The particulate matter might be the principal reason in inducing hospital visits for pneumonia.

Analysis of the Atmospheric Visibility in Nanchang City and the Main Effect Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 404-407
Author(s):  
Jing Lan Wang ◽  
Xi Feng Yan ◽  
Su He ◽  
Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Atmospheric Visibility ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
The Relationship

The performance of atmospheric visibility at Nanchang, China was studied in this paper. The relationship between atmospheric visibility and the meteorological elements was analyzed using statistical method based on those data of Nanchang atmospheric visibility and the observed record of ground meteorological elements from 1990 to 2012. The relationship between the major air pollutants and the atmospheric visibility also was researched according to the air pollutant monitoring data from 2006 to 2012. The result shows that Nanchang atmospheric visibility has the characteristics of obvious inter-annual variability, Rose and diurnal variation; the visibility was significantly negatively correlated to relative humidity; there was weakly negative correlation between the air pollutants SO2, NOx concentration and the visibility.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollutants and hospital visits for pneumonia: a case-crossover study in Qingdao, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Zhang ◽  
Dunqiang Ren ◽  
Xue Cao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Xue Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Pneumonia is one of the principal reasons for incidence and death in the world. The former research mainly concentrated on specific sources of patients. Besides, due to the heterogeneity among regions, there are inconsistencies in the outcome of these surveys. To explore the relationship between atmospheric pollution and hospital visits for pneumonia under the climate and pollution conditions in Qingdao, we carried out this study. Methods The medical records of pneumonia patients were gathered from the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University during Jan 1st, 2014, and Dec 31st,2018. Daily concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, as well as CO, were collected from the national air quality monitoring stations in Qingdao. Case-crossover study design and conditional logistic regression model were used to estimate the associations. Daily temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure were adjusted as the covariates in all models. A principal component analysis was used to solve the multicollinearity between atmospheric pollutants and investigate the relationship between various air pollutants and pneumonia occurs. Results In the single pollutant model, with interquartile range increment of the density of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 at the lag2 days, the odds ratio of hospital visits for pneumonia patients increased by 6.4% (95%CI, 2.3–10.7%), 7.7% (95%CI, 3.2–12.4%), 6.7% (95%CI, 1.0–12.7%), and 7.2% (95%CI, 1.1–13.5%). Stratified analysis showed that pollutants were more significant in the cold period. Besides, the impact of atmospheric particulates on different ages mainly occurs in the young child (0 to 3-year-old). The odds ratio was 1.042 (95%CI, 1.012–1.072) when the principal components of atmospheric pollutants were included in the conditional logistic model. Conclusions Our study found a significant relationship between short-term uncovering to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and hospital visits for pneumonia in Qingdao. The effect of atmospheric pollutants mainly arose in a cold period. The particulate matter might be the principal reason in inducing hospital visits for pneumonia.

scholarly journals Assessment of Meteorological Effects and Ozone Variation in Urban Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-385
Author(s):  
Predrag Ilić ◽  
Zoran Popović ◽  
Dragana Nešković Markić
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Ozone Variation ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe paper presents results of the measurements of the tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration and meteorological parameters: temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, speed and wind direction. The data were collected from January 2016 to December 2016 at station located in locality Centre (Banja Luka), Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ozone is one of the most harmful pollutants to plants and health and highly reactive secondary pollutant. The present study covers investigation of the relationship between the concentration of ozone and meteorological parameters as well as time variations of ozone concentration (by hours, months, seasons). This topic has not been studied up to now in this region, although the recent research data indicates that there is a correlation between them and previously obtained from the world’s relevant scientific centres, as already cited above. Statistical analysis confirms string of rolls, which shows directional connection between tropospheric ozone and meteorological parameters, specially temperature (r = 0.148), air pressure (r = –0.292) and relative humidity (r = –0.292). These parameters are the most important meteorological factors influencing the variation in ozone levels during the research. The correlation ozone concentrations with speed and direction of wind is not significant, like other parameters.

Flexible omnibus test in 1:M matched case-crossover study with measurement error in covariate

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 3019-3031
Author(s):  
Byung-Jun Kim ◽  
Inyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Binary Outcomes ◽  
Omnibus Test ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Data

The matched case-crossover study design is used in public health, biomedical, and epidemiological research with clustered binary outcomes. Conditional logistic regression is commonly used for analysis because any effects associated with the matching covariates by stratum can be removed. However, some matching covariates often play an important role as effect modifications, causing incorrect statistical testing. The covariates in such studies are often measured with error, so that not accounting for this error can also lead to incorrect inferences for all covariates in the model. However, the methods available for simultaneously evaluating effect modification by matching covariates as well as assessing and characterizing error-in-covariates are limited. In this paper, we propose a flexible omnibus test for testing (1) the significance of a functional association between the clustered binary outcomes and covariates with the measurement error, (2) the existence of effect modifications by matching covariates, and (3) the significance of an interaction effect between the measurement error covariate and other covariates, without specifying the functional forms for these testings. The proposed omnibus test has the flexibility to allow inferences on various hypothesis settings. The advantages of the proposed flexible omnibus test are demonstrated through simulation studies and 1:4 bidirectional matched data analyses from an epidemiology study.

Abstract TMP52: Psychiatric Hospitalization Increases Short-Term Risk of Stroke: A Case-Crossover Analysis

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonah P Zuflacht ◽  
Iris Y Shao ◽  
Mitchell S Elkind ◽  
Hooman Kamel ◽  
Amelia K Boehme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Condition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Recent evidence suggests that psychological distress, including symptoms of psychiatric illness, may acutely increase the risk of stroke. However, current studies are limited by small sample sizes, inherent recall bias, and poorly defined criteria for what constitutes psychological distress. Methods: We used a case-crossover design, where each patient serves as his/her own control, to assess the relationship between the diagnosis of a psychiatric condition (defined by ICD-9 codes) and stroke (combined hemorrhagic and ischemic events) in adults over the age of 18. Data were utilized from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) for the state of California from 2007 - 2009. Cases in which both stroke and psychiatric diagnoses were present on arrival were excluded from the analysis. The relationship between psychiatric hospitalization and stroke was assessed through conditional logistic regression, with separate analyses conducted for 15, 30, 90, 180, and 365-days pre-stroke. Results: A total of 52,068 strokes were identified. Psychiatric conditions diagnosed within 1 year of stroke were found in 3,337 (6.4%) patients. Compared to patients without (n = 48,731), patients with a recent psychiatric hospitalization had a higher proportion of women (59.67% vs. 50.11%) and longer hospital course (8.9 days vs. 6.9). The presence of a psychiatric condition leading to hospitalization was associated with increased odds of stroke within all five pre-defined time periods (Table 1), with the highest odds of stroke occurring in those who most recently experienced a psychiatric visit (15 day OR = 3.48, 95% CI; 2.68-4.52). Conclusions: Psychiatric hospitalization increases the short-term risk of stroke, particularly within the 15-day period following the diagnosis. This risk decreases but persists for at least 1 year.

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