scholarly journals Integrated model control of brake–wheel system using bond graph method

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781401878285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Zhiqiang Hu ◽  
Bing Zhu ◽  
Jiapeng Gong
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Brake System ◽  
System Control ◽  
Graph Method ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Model Control

Brake system is an important actuator of most active safety systems equipped on vehicles. It combines with the wheel to make vehicle decelerate and finally stop it. Moreover, brake system is an electronic, mechanical, and hydraulic hybrid system; it contains some highly nonlinear characters, which is a challenge to system control. In this article, an integrated model of brake system and single-wheel system using bond graph method is developed, in which the nonlinear characters of the volumetric compliance effect of brake fluid and the resistance effect of valves are taken into consideration. The accuracy and reliability of the brake system is verified by experiment. Nonlinear sliding-mode controller as well as sliding-mode observer is proposed. The controller is used to modulate inlet and outlet valves control signals according to the vehicle states, which will lead to cancel the usage of wheel cylinder pressure sensors. The controller is analyzed by different tire–road friction coefficient conditions. The results show that the proposed integrated bond graph model is accurate, and the nonlinear sliding-mode control is reliable on valves control signal regulation.

Anti-lock brake system control for buses based on fuzzy logic and a sliding-mode observer

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1398-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Hyeon Park ◽  
Dong Hee Kim ◽  
Yong Ju Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Sliding Mode Observer ◽  
Brake System ◽  
System Control

A Vector Bond Graph Method of Kineto-Static Analysis for Complex Planar Linkage

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 1062-1067
Author(s):  
Zhong Shuang Wang ◽  
Jian Guo Cao ◽  
Ji Chen
Keyword(s):  
Static Analysis ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Constraint Forces ◽  
Constraint Force ◽  
Graph Method ◽  
Algebraic Problem ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Junction Structure ◽  
Force Vectors

For the kineto-static analysis of complex planar linkage, the procedure based on vector bond graph is proposed. The constraint force vectors at joints can be considered as unknown effort source vectors and added to the corresponding 0-junctions of the system vector bond graph model, most of the differential causalities in system vector bond graph model can be eliminated . In the case of mixed causality, the unified formulae of driving moment and constraint forces at joints are derived based on vector bond graph, which are easily derived on a computer in a complete form. As a result, the very difficult algebraic problem caused by differential causality and nonlinear junction structure can be overcome, and the automatic kineto-static analysis of complex planar linkage on a computer is realized. By a practical example, the validity of this procedure is illustrated.

Braking force decoupling control without pressure sensor for a novel series regenerative brake system

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (7) ◽  
pp. 1750-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zhao ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Mingming Mei ◽  
Congzhi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Decoupling Control ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Braking Force

Regenerative braking can save energy consumption greatly for electric vehicles. For a series regenerative brake system, it is foundational to make the hydraulic braking torque and braking force decoupled and to provide the same pedal feeling as conventional braking system. In this paper, a high-performance and low-cost solution of series regenerative brake system is designed, which consists of a conventional anti-lock brake system and a motor-driven electromechanical booster (E-booster). Based on the series regenerative brake, a braking force decoupling control scheme without pressure sensor is proposed. First, a dynamic model of vacuum booster is established to calculate the desired brake pedal feeling in real time. Then, a sliding mode observer is used to estimate the load torque of the E-booster so that the expensive pressure sensors are eliminated. Finally, a sliding mode controller is developed to work with a robust threshold–controlled anti-lock brake system hydraulic control unit adjusting the pedal feeling and the wheel cylinder pressure simultaneously. Simulations and experiments were conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK and on a test bench, respectively. The results show that the tracking ability of wheel cylinder pressure and quality of braking pedal feeling in different conditions are both good, providing a practical method to realize fully series regenerative brake.

scholarly journals A systematic procedure to obtain the block diagram model from the bond graph model

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Radu Ibănescu ◽  
Mihaela Ibănescu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Systems Dynamics ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Graph Method ◽  
Systematic Procedure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unitary Approach

The bond-graph method for the analysis of systems dynamics is very widespread in engineering and, because of its simplicity and its advantages, it has been developed a lot in the last decades. The bond graph model is a diagram which describes the manner of transmitting and transforming the power in a system, starting from the source up to the final elements. One of the most preferred ways of using the bond-graph diagram is the construction of the block diagram, appropriate for an adequate soft, the most frequently used one being MATLAB-SIMULINK. The block diagram model has a wide range of application in the study of systems dynamics because of its great advantages in case of numerical simulations. The manner of obtaining the block diagram from the bond-graph diagram is left at researcher choice, because there are no clear and well-defined procedures. The work presents a systematic procedure which contains several well-defined steps that lead to an exact and unitary approach of this problem.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Backstepping Control of Electro-Hydraulic Brake System Based on Bond Graph Model

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 19100-19112
Author(s):  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Dongjian Song ◽  
Bing Zhu ◽  
Zhicheng Chen ◽  
Yuhang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Backstepping Control ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Hydraulic Brake ◽  
Nonlinear Backstepping Control

Bond graph model-based evaluation of a sliding mode controller for a combined regenerative and antilock braking system

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (7) ◽  
pp. 918-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
T K Bera ◽  
K Bhattacharya ◽  
A K Samantaray
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Wheel Slip ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Antilock Braking System ◽  
Antilock Braking

Combined regenerative and antilock braking in electric/hybrid-electric vehicles provides higher safety in addition to an energy storing capability. Development of a control law for this type of braking system is a challenging task. The antilock braking system (ABS) uses a control strategy to maintain the wheel slip within a predefined range. A sliding mode controller (SMC) for ABS is developed to maintain the optimal slip value. The braking of the vehicle, performed by using both regenerative and antilock braking, is based on an algorithm that decides how to distribute the braking force between the regenerative braking and the antilock braking in emergency/panic braking situations as well as in normal city driving conditions. Detailed bond graph models of a quarter car and four-wheeled vehicles are used in this article to implement and test the control laws. It is found that with combined regenerative and antilock braking, the vehicle’s safety increases (in terms of stopping distance and manoeuvrability) and some amount of kinetic energy can be recovered and stored in the regenerative battery pack. The passenger comfort is improved when a sliding mode ABS controller is used in place of a standard ABS controller for the mechanical braking part. Moreover, the influence of load transfer on the wheels during braking was evaluated on a four-wheeled vehicle model.

Bond graph modeling and multi-body dynamics of a twin rotor system

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-144
Author(s):  
Gopisetti Srinivasarao ◽  
Arun K Samantaray ◽  
Sanjoy K Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Graph Modeling ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Output System ◽  
Column Joint ◽  
Bond Graph Modeling ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
Twin Rotor

The dynamics of a twin-rotor multi-input multi-output system, which is similar to that of a helicopter in many ways, is highly nonlinear in nature. In this article, a detailed dynamical model of twin-rotor multi-input multi-output system is developed and simulated by using bond graph approach. Nonlinear nature of the interface gain, thrust, and drag forces, and the stiffness of cable attached to support column joint are estimated. The rotors are modeled through the Newton–Euler equations. The bond graph model is created by using the generic sub-models and the same set of sub-models can be assembled differently to model many other similar systems such as tricopters and quadcopters. Inertial forces and moments, rotor thrust and drag forces, active and reactive motor torques, and direct current motor dynamics are considered in the model. The responses from the model are compared with the test data for validation.

Dynamics Analysis of a Controllable Mechanism

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Ke ◽  
Wang Shengze
Keyword(s):  
Graph Model ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Mechanism ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Model Dynamics ◽  
Kinematic Loops ◽  
Nonlinear Devices ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

Hybrid mechanism is a kind of controllable mechanism. It may be composed of one or multiple coupled kinematic loops forming a mechanism network, and is highly nonlinear devices. The bond graph approach provides a compact and versatile representation for kinematics and dynamics of hybrid mechanism, and is more suitable for automatic derivation and computation on a computer. Here, an analysis procedure that can be used to produce the dynamics equations of hybrid mechanism is presented. According to bond graph model, dynamics equations can be derived. The unified formula of dynamics equations derived here is a regularized one. The driving powers of hybrid mechanism can be obtained in terms of physical parameters of mechanism and kinematic states, and no need to analyze acceleration of mechanism. Finally, a numerical example is presented illustrating its validity. The results show that efficiency and reliability of dynamics analysis for hybrid mechanism are enhanced obviously.

A new sliding-mode controller design methodology with derivative switching function for anti-lock brake system

2013 ◽  
Vol 227 (11) ◽  
pp. 2487-2503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Okyay ◽  
Ender Cigeroglu ◽  
S Çağlar Başlamışlı
Keyword(s):  
Controller Design ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Switching Function ◽  
System Control ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Sliding Surface ◽  
Integral Sliding Surface

In this study, anti-lock brake system control using sliding-mode controller is investigated. Different alternatives for the switching function and the sliding surface, involved in the structure of the sliding-mode controller, are explored. It was aimed to reach a better controller performance with less chattering and robustness to actuator imperfections. Regarding applicability, tire force response was modeled as a uniformly distributed uncertain parameter during controller designs. Controllers are simulated for both constant and varying coefficient of friction roads, with optimized design parameters. The effects of actuator first-order dynamics and transportation delay, which come up in practical implementations, were considered. The sliding-mode control structure which employs derivative switching function with integral sliding surface is originally proposed in this study. It is found to produce less chattering and provide more robustness, which could not be achieved side by side using former designs.

Bond graph model of a PEM fuel cell stack

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (06) ◽  
pp. 329-334
Author(s):  
S. Rabih ◽  
C. Turpin ◽  
S. Astier
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Bond Graph ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack
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