A Comparative Analysis of Sagat and Sart for Evaluations of Situation Awareness

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mica R. Endsley ◽  
Stephen J. Selcon ◽  
Thomas D. Hardiman ◽  
Darryl G. Croft
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Highly Correlated

Situation awareness (SA) has become an important criterion for systems evaluation efforts. Several measures of SA have been developed, the most widely used among them being the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT) and the Situational Awareness Rating Technique (SART). SAGAT provides an objective measure of SA based on queries during freezes in a simulation. SART provides a subjective rating of SA by operators. This paper presents a direct comparison of the two measures which were used within a display evaluation study. It was found that both SART and SAGAT contributed sensitivity and diagnosticity regarding the effects of the display concept. The SART measure was highly correlated with subjective measures of confidence level, a simple subjective SA measure and a subjective performance measure. The SAGAT and SART measures were not correlated with each other. The implications of these findings for the interpretation of subjective SA measures are discussed as well as advantages and disadvantages of both measurement approaches.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERHATIAN TERBAGI TERHADAP KESADARAN SITUASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prisca Dwi Ariana ◽  
Thomas Dicky Hastjarjo
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Pop Music ◽  
Assessment Technique ◽  
Significant Difference

The increasing number of traffic accident is caused by the decreasing of driver situational awareness. Divided attention is one of several factors that affect situation awareness. This experiment was to study the effects of listening to the music or reading short message sent to participant’s mobile phone on participant’s situational awareness while they drove car simulator. Thirty subjects were randomly divided into two groups, namely: (a) music group. The subjects were asked to listen to Ed Sheeran pop music when they drove city car simulator, and (b) mobile phone group. In this condition the subjects received and replied short message on their mobile phones at third, fifth, eighth, and tenth minutes during driving car simulator. Situational awareness was measured by SAGAT (Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique). The simulation was stopped when SAGAT questionnaire was distributed to the subjects at fifth and tenth minutes. The t test statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in situation awareness between the two groups (t= 5.750; p= .001). Music group showed higher situation awareness than mobile phone group. The use of mobile phone while driving is more distracting attention than listening to music.

A Quantitative Situational Awareness Model of Pilot

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shuang ◽  
Wanyan Xiaoru ◽  
Zhuang Damin
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Changing Trend ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Level 2

The pilot’s situational awareness (SA) mainly depends on the perception, understanding and prediction of the information obtained from the man-machine display interface, therefore there is an intrinsic link between the display interface design and the level of pilot’s SA. A quantitative SA model, which considers the influence of information importance on SA, the characteristics of human cognition and the Bayesian conditional probability theory, was proposed based on the attention allocation model built previously. This model was expected to be used to predict the pilot’s SA levels under different task conditions. In order to verify the validity of the SA model, 20 volunteers were recruited to perform the instrument supervision tasks in four kinds of task, at the same time, Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGTA), 3-dimensional Situational Awareness Rating Technique (3-D SART), and eye movement measurement were adopted for the evaluation of SAs. The experimental results reveal that, the SAGAT is the most effective approach to measure the level 2 SA, showing that the correct rate of SAGAT has the most similar changing trend with the task performance, and the SA model is validated since the changing trend of SA predicted by the model is highly correlated with the measurement indices.

scholarly journals Effects of User Interfaces on Take-Over Performance: A Review of the Empirical Evidence

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Soyeon Kim ◽  
René van Egmond ◽  
Riender Happee
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Auditory Modality ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Automated Vehicle ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Urgency

In automated driving, the user interface plays an essential role in guiding transitions between automated and manual driving. This literature review identified 25 studies that explicitly studied the effectiveness of user interfaces in automated driving. Our main selection criterion was how the user interface (UI) affected take-over performance in higher automation levels allowing drivers to take their eyes off the road (SAE3 and SAE4). We categorized user interface (UI) factors from an automated vehicle-related information perspective. Short take-over times are consistently associated with take-over requests (TORs) initiated by the auditory modality with high urgency levels. On the other hand, take-over requests directly displayed on non-driving-related task devices and augmented reality do not affect take-over time. Additional explanations of take-over situation, surrounding and vehicle information while driving, and take-over guiding information were found to improve situational awareness. Hence, we conclude that advanced user interfaces can enhance the safety and acceptance of automated driving. Most studies showed positive effects of advanced UI, but a number of studies showed no significant benefits, and a few studies showed negative effects of advanced UI, which may be associated with information overload. The occurrence of positive and negative results of similar UI concepts in different studies highlights the need for systematic UI testing across driving conditions and driver characteristics. Our findings propose future UI studies of automated vehicle focusing on trust calibration and enhancing situation awareness in various scenarios.

scholarly journals Alternative shoe closure designs alter biomechanical performance during agility-based movements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira Pryhoda ◽  
Rachel Wathen ◽  
Jay Dicharry ◽  
Kevin Shelburne ◽  
Bradley Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Ground Contact Time ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Consistent Performance

The objective of this research was to determine if three alternative shoe upper closures improve biomechanical performance measures relative to a standard lace closure in court-based movements. NCAA Division 1 and club-level male athletes recruited from lacrosse, soccer, tennis, and rugby performed four court-based movements: Lateral Skater Jump repeats (LSJ), Countermovement Jump repeats (CMJ), Triangle Drop Step drill (TDS), and Anterior-Posterior drill (AP). Each athlete performed the movements in four shoe upper closures: Standard Closure, Lace Replacement, Y Wrap, and Tri Strap. Ground contact time, peak eccentric rate of force development (RFD), peak concentric GRF, peak concentric COM power, eccentric work, concentric work, and movement completion time were measured. Tri Strap saw improvements in four of seven biomechanical variables during CMJ and LSJ and one variable during TDS. Lace Replacement delivered improvements in one performance measure during CMJ, LSJ, and AP, and two variables in TDS. Y Wrap improved performance in three performance measures during LSJ and impaired performance in two measures during CMJ and three measures during AP. Tri Strap provided the most consistent performance improvements across all movements. This study allowed for the mechanical properties of the shoe lower to remain consistent across designs to examine if an alternative shoe upper closure could enhance performance. Our results indicate that increased proprioception and/or mechanical properties due to the alternative closures, especially Tri Strap, improves athlete performance, which concludes that the design of the shoe upper is an essential consideration in shoe design.

Modelling Situation Awareness Information and System Requirements for the Mission using Goal-Oriented Task Analysis Approach

2014 ◽  
pp. 460-478
Author(s):  
Cyril Onwubiko
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Test Scenario ◽  
Agent Oriented Software Engineering ◽  
Awareness Information ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Security Test

This chapter describes work on modelling situational awareness information and system requirements for the mission. Developing this model based on Goal-Oriented Task Analysis representation of the mission using an Agent Oriented Software Engineering methodology advances current information requirement models because it provides valuable insight on how to effectively achieve the mission’s requirements (information, systems, networks, and IT infrastructure), and offers enhanced situational awareness within the Computer Network Defence environment. Further, the modelling approach using Secure Tropos is described, and model validation using a security test scenario is discussed.

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