scholarly journals Histological and Mathematical Analysis of the Irreversibly Electroporated Liver Tissue

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Kyu Sung ◽  
Hong Bae Kim ◽  
Jong Hyun Jung ◽  
Ku Youn Baik ◽  
Kee Wook Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Irreversible Electroporation ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ablation Area ◽  
Mathematical Calculation ◽  
Electric Energy Density

Irreversible electroporation has clinically been used to treat various types of cancer. A plan on how to apply irreversible electroporation before practicing is very important to increase the ablation area and reduce the side effects. Several electrical models have been developed to predict the ablation area with applied electric energy. In this experiment, the static relationship between applied electric energy and ablated area was mathematically and experimentally investigated at 10 hours after applying irreversible electroporation. We performed the irreversible electroporation on the liver tissue of Sprague Dawley rats (male, 8 weeks, weighing 250-350 g). The ablated area was measured based on histological analysis and compared with the mathematical calculation from the electric energy, assuming that the tissue is homogeneous. The ablated area increased with the increase in applied electric energy. The numerically calculated contour lines of electric energy density overlapped well with the apoptotic area induced by the irreversible electroporation. The overlapped area clearly showed that the destructive threshold of apoptosis between electrodes is electric energy density level of 5.9 × 105 J/m3. The results of the present study suggested that the clinical results of the irreversible electroporation on a liver tissue could be predicted through mathematical calculation.

Generation of giant electric energy density by adiabatically compressed PIN-PMN-PT ferroelectric single crystals

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (12) ◽  
pp. 122902
Author(s):  
Sergey I. Shkuratov ◽  
Jason Baird ◽  
Vladimir G. Antipov ◽  
Jay B. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electric Energy Density

scholarly journals Electric energy density of dielectric nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (13) ◽  
pp. 132901 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. Li ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
Stephen Ducharme
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electric Energy Density

scholarly journals Size and temperature effects on dielectric breakdown of ferroelectric films

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Tong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Ferroelectric Films ◽  
Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Electric Energy Density

Abstract The paper introduces a model of dielectric breakdown strength. The model integrated thermal breakdown and defect models, representing the relationship between the electric field of ferroelectric films and dimensional parameters and operating temperature. This model is verified with experimental results of the lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) films of various film thickness (d = 0.8 – 3 mm), electrode area (A = 0.0020 – 25 mm2) tested under a range of operating temperature (T = 300 – 400 K) with satisfying fitting results. Also learned is a relationship that the recoverable electric energy density is directly proportional to the square of breakdown electric field. This relationship is found viable in predicting the electric energy density in terms of variables of d, A, and T for the PLZT films.

Resonances and internal electric energy density in droplets

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Hill ◽  
Peter W. Barber ◽  
Dipakbin Q. Chowdhury ◽  
Elsayed-Esam M. Khaled ◽  
Md. Mohiuddin Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electric Energy Density

scholarly journals Size and Temperature Effects on Dielectric Breakdown of PLZT Film Capacitors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Tong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thickness Effect ◽  
Thermal Breakdown ◽  
Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Electric Energy Density

Abstract The paper introduces a model of dielectric breakdown strength. The model integrated thermal breakdown and defect models, the relationship between the electric field of ferroelectric films and dimensional parameters and operating temperature (T). The thickness effect is thermal breakdown in origin, whereas the area effect is statistical in nature. This model is verified with experimental results of the lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) films of various d (0.8 – 3 m), A (0.0020 – 25 mm2) tested under a range of T (300 – 400 K) with satisfying fitting results. Also learned is a relationship that the recoverable electric energy density is directly proportional to the square of breakdown electric field. This relationship is found viable in predicting the electric energy density in terms of variables of d, A, and T for the PLZT films.

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