scholarly journals A METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DEMONSTRATION OF CHOLINE-CONTAINING PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND NEUTRAL LIPIDS IN TISSUE SECTIONS

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
CURTIS BOURGEOIS ◽  
BARBARA HUBBARD
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Oil Red O

A modification of Baker's dichromate-acid hematein test combined with an Oil Red O counterstain is presented. Chromatographic analysis of the procedure clearly demonstrates the selective staining of choline-containing phospholipids (blue-grey) and neutral lipids (red).

scholarly journals Application of Nile red, a fluorescent hydrophobic probe, for the detection of neutral lipid deposits in tissue sections: comparison with oil red O.

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 833-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Fowler ◽  
P Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Nile Blue ◽  
Nile Red ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Aortic Atheroma ◽  
Tissue Lipids ◽  
Oil Red O ◽  
Nile Red Staining ◽  
Hydrophobic Probe

Nile red is a phenoxazone dye that fluoresces intensely, and in varying color, in organic solvents and hydrophobic lipids. However, the fluorescence is fully quenched in water. The dye acts, therefore, as a fluorescent hydrophobic probe. We utilized this novel property of nile red to develop a sensitive fluorescent histochemical stain for tissue lipids. Nile red was prepared by boiling Nile blue A under reflux for 2 hr in 0.5% H2SO4, and extracting the product into xylene. For staining, the purified dye is dissolved in 75% glycerol (1-5 micrograms/ml) and applied to frozen tissue sections. Tissue lipids then fluoresce yellow-gold to red, depending on their relative hydrophobicity. Using sections of liver and aorta from a cholesterol-fed rabbit, we assessed the value of Nile red as a stain for neutral lipids by comparing the staining pattern obtained with that produced by oil red O, a commonly used dye for tissue cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols. In the cholesterol fatty liver, Nile red staining was comparable to that of oil red O. In contrast, Nile red staining of rabbit aortic atheroma revealed ubiquitous lipid deposits not observed with oil red O staining. These latter results suggest that Nile red can detect neutral lipid deposits, presumably unesterified cholesterol, not usually seen with oil red O or other traditional fat stains.

Pairing and aggregation of Amblosoma suwaense (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) metacercariae in vitro and partial characterization of lipids involved in chemo-attraction

Parasitology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fried ◽  
G. A. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Sterol Ester ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Sterol Esters ◽  
Free Sterols ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Oil Red O

SUMMARYHistochemical and thin-layer chromatographic (t.l.c.) analyses were made on neutral lipids in the free (unencysted) metacercariae of Amblosoma suwaense (Brachylaimidae). As determined by t.l.c. the major neutral lipid fractions in metacercariae removed directly from Campeloma decisum snails were free sterols and sterol esters. Metacercariae incubated for 1 h at 37±1° C in sterile Locke's solution released mainly sterol esters and a lesser amount of free sterols into the medium. As determined by Oil Red O (ORO) staining, metacercariae accumulated neutral lipid in the intestinal caeca during incubation and the excretory system was ORO negative. Behavioural studies showed that metacereariae paired and aggregated in vitro and were attracted to lipophilic but not to hydrophilic worm products. Following t.l.c. preparative analysis it was demonstrated that metacercariae were attracted to sterol ester worm products but not to free sterol products.

Starvation-induced lipid reserve depletion in Pratylenchus brachyurus leads to decreased infectivity in maize roots

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Paula S. Alves ◽  
Willian C. Terra ◽  
Giselle B. Pinto ◽  
Paulo V.M. Pacheco ◽  
Bárbhara J.R. Fatobene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Neutral Lipid Content ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Waiting Periods ◽  
Oil Red O

Summary Nematode body neutral lipid (triacylglycerol) content has been related to infectivity and has direct implications in control strategies. In this study, Pratylenchus brachyurus populations were split into two groups: i) freshly hatched second-stage juveniles (J2) containing lipids stored during embryogenesis; ii) third- and fourth-stage juveniles (J3/J4) plus females that replenished their lipid reserves by feeding on maize (Zea mays) roots. These groups were subjected to starvation to study their lipid consumption dynamics by staining with Oil Red O, which binds specifically to neutral lipids. Before starvation, freshly hatched J2 had 27% of their body area stained, whereas J3/J4 and females had 75%. Freshly hatched J2 starved for 28 days at 25°C in water lost 63.8% of the original neutral lipid content, which caused a reduction of 91% of infectivity in maize roots. By contrast, J3/J4 and females exposed to the same conditions lost 56.7% of the original neutral lipid content, which resulted in less than 50% reduction in infectivity. During the period of food deprivation, J2 had a mean daily neutral lipid consumption rate of 0.63% and the other infectious stages (J3/J4 and females) had a mean daily neutral lipid consumption rate of 1.46% per day. This study adds information on the dynamics of lipid utilisation that supports the use of longer waiting periods for planting crops after fallow in soils infested with P. brachyurus as compared to Meloidogyne spp.-infested soils.

ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS IN COTTON EXTRAFLORAL NECTAR1

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Stone ◽  
A. C. Thompson ◽  
H. N. Pitre
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Extrafloral Nectar ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Choline Phosphatidyl

Extrafloral cotton nectar subjected to gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of six fatty acids. Two saturated acids (palmitic and stearic) and four unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic), polar and neutral lipids, respectively, were identified. Thin layer chromotography separated six phospholipids including: phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, and an unknown. Fatty acid concentration was greatest in extrafloral nectar from young plants and decreased as the plants matured. The potential impact of extrafloral nectar lipid concentrations on predatory insects is discussed.

Correlations among methods to estimate lipid reserves of second-stage juveniles and its relationships with infectivity and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando da Silva Rocha ◽  
Vicente Paulo Campos ◽  
Hugo César Rodrigues Moreira Catão ◽  
Maria de Fátima Silva Muniz ◽  
Nody Civil
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Lipid ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Neutral Lipid Content ◽  
Oil Red O ◽  
Lipid Index

We studied the correlations between the processes used to estimate the body lipid of second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne exigua and M. incognita, and the infectivity and reproduction of the M. incognita J2. The lipids were quantified by image analysis of the area stained red with Oil Red O dye and by the dark area of the non-stained J2. The content of neutral lipids of stained J2 of M. exigua and M. incognita correlated positively to the lipid index, body mass lipid and the dark area of J2. The period of incubation of J2 decreased the neutral lipids content and correlated significantly with the reductions of infectivity and reproduction. The period of 6 days incubation of M. incognita resulted in losses of more than 50% of the neutral lipid content, representing the threshold period for infectivity on tomato, whereas, for reproduction, the threshold was 3 days incubation.

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