Comparative Field Studies: Methodological Issues and Future Possibilities

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 155-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Munroe ◽  
Ruth H. Munroe
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Methodological Issues

Incidence of dementia in the elderly: review of age and sex effects

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Schröppel ◽  
A Baumann ◽  
M Fichter ◽  
I Meller
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Related Increase ◽  
Incidence Of Dementia

SummaryA review of epidemiological studies about incidence of dementia among the aged is presented. Empirical studies on incidence of dementia have shown considerably differing estimations. Nevertheless, in all studies, an age-related increase in incidence becomes clearly apparent. Epidemiological field-studies could not yield consistent findings concerning the association of incidence and gender. However, most studies found an increased incidence for men until the age of 70–80 years. In older age most studies reported the same incidence for men and women or found an increased incidence of dementia in women. The findings are reviewed and discussed in the context of methodological issues.

Extended Translation

Target ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Risku ◽  
Florian Windhager
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Information Manipulation ◽  
Management Case Study ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Manipulation Process

Consideration of current developments in cognitive science is indispensable when defining research agendas addressing cognitive aspects of translation. One such development is the recognition of the extended nature of human cognition: Cognition is not just an information manipulation process in the brain, it is contextualised action embedded in a body and increasingly mediated by technologies and situated in its socio-cultural environment. Parallel developments are found in neighbouring disciplines, such as sociology with its actor-network and activity theories. This paper examines these approaches, their shared methodological tenets (i.e., ethnographic field studies) and the implications of the situated cognition approach for describing the cognitive aspects of translation, using a translation management case study to discuss conceptual and methodological issues.

Narratives and Goals

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Laham ◽  
Yoshihisa Kashima
Keyword(s):  
High Achievement ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Goal Priming ◽  
Behavioral Assimilation ◽  
Construct Accessibility

Goals are a central feature of narratives, and, thus, narratives may be particularly potent means of goal priming. Two studies examined two features of goal priming (postdelay behavioral assimilation and postfulfillment accessibility) that have been theorized to distinguish goal from semantic construct priming. Across the studies, participants were primed with high achievement, either in a narrative or nonnarrative context and then completed either a behavioral task, followed by a measure of construct accessibility, or a behavioral task after a delay. Indicative of goal priming, narrative-primed participants showed greater postdelay behavioral assimilation and less postfulfillment accessibility than those exposed to the nonnarrative prime. The implications of goal priming from narratives are discussed in relation to both theoretical and methodological issues.

Effects of Psychotherapy on Brain Activation Patterns in Anxiety Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Straube
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Sample Characteristics

Abstract. Psychotherapy is an effective treatment for most mental disorders, including anxiety disorders. Successful psychotherapy implies new learning experiences and therefore neural alterations. With the increasing availability of functional neuroimaging methods, it has become possible to investigate psychotherapeutically induced neuronal plasticity across the whole brain in controlled studies. However, the detectable effects strongly depend on neuroscientific methods, experimental paradigms, analytical strategies, and sample characteristics. This article summarizes the state of the art, discusses current theoretical and methodological issues, and suggests future directions of the research on the neurobiology of psychotherapy in anxiety disorders.

DISAGREEMENT OVER METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-42
Author(s):  
JAMES N. MORGAN
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Issues
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