scholarly journals Ageism as a Modifying Influence on COVID-19 Health Beliefs and Intention to Social Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432199700
Author(s):  
Allyson S. Graf ◽  
Amy Knepple Carney
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
The Public ◽  
Distance Methods ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Objectives: Commentaries have suggested that initial emphasis on the higher susceptibility and mortality rates of older adults to COVID-19 has instigated ageism within the public discourse and policy decisions. Using the health belief model, the current study examined ageism in interaction with other factors influencing intention to social distance. Methods: Threat of contracting COVID-19, benefits and barriers to social distancing, benevolent and hostile ageism, and intention to social distance were examined in 960 adults ( M = 37.81 years, SD = 11.65). Results: Benevolent and hostile ageism were significant moderators for both perceived threat and barriers on intent to social distance; hostile ageism also moderated benefits on intent to social distance. Discussion: The current study demonstrates how ageism influences behavior during a pandemic. With initial reports of COVID-19 presenting older adults as a homogenous group, ageism negatively interacted with intention to social distance and may place older adults at greater risk.

An Ounce of Prevention: Identifying Cues to (In)Action for Maternal Vaccine Refusal

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 2183-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Carrion
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
The Public ◽  
Decision Context ◽  
Vaccine Refusal ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Childhood Vaccine ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Recent increases in childhood vaccine exemption rates are a source of concern within the public health community. Drawing from the health belief model and in-depth interviews with 50 mothers ( n = 50) who refused one or more vaccine, the aim of this study was to identify the specific reasons and the broader decision context(s) that underscored participants’ vaccine refusal. Results indicate that the vast majority of participants supported vaccination until a particular cue motivated them to consider otherwise, and qualitative analysis identified three main categories into which these cues fell: perceived adverse reactions, endorsements from health care professionals, and perceived contradiction among expert-endorsed messages. These categories point to the central role of health communication in motivating vaccine refusal. Better understanding these cues can inform vaccine communication scholarship and practice, and also lend theoretical insight into the intertextual nature of controversial health messages and decisions.

Gender Differences in Health-check Attendance and Intention in Young Adults: An Application of the Health Belief Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Munley ◽  
Angus McLoughlin ◽  
Jeremy J. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Cues To Action ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model ◽  
Do So

AbstractHealth-check attendance intention and behaviour in young men and women was compared, and the data used to determine whether health belief model constructs were able to predict such intentions and behaviour. Sixty male and sixty female respondents completed questionnaires asking about past health-check attendance behaviour, future attendance intention, and health beliefs. More females than males had previously attended a general health check, and females had stronger intentions to do so in the future. Regression analyses indicated that health-check attendance intention was predicted for both males and females by responses to cues to action. For females, previous health-check attendance was related to responses to cues to action and perceptions of barriers to attendance. None of the health belief model constructs was found to account for previous attendance behaviour of males. The results of the study support recent calls for health promotion initiatives aimed at men, but suggest that they should target cognitions other than those included within the health belief model.

scholarly journals The Validity and Reliability of Health Belief Scale for Testicular Cancer Self-Examination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Aydin Avci ◽  
Busra Altinel
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
The Health Belief Model

This study aimed to create a measurement tool for the determination of university students’ health beliefs about testicular cancer (TC) and self-examination. This is a methodological and cross-sectional study. The study sample included 425 university students. Consents and approvals were obtained from the relevant institutions and the ethics committee prior to the research. The data were collected using an interview form that included questions about descriptive characteristics, family history of TC, and knowledge, beliefs, and practice of self-examination. The health belief model including 41 questions about self-examination and the interview form were administered to the students in their classrooms at a suitable time. Principal components analysis and varimax rotation were used for the examination of the structures of the factors. Accordingly, factor patterns, self-values, and the variance percentages they explained were evaluated. The average age of the participants is 22.2 ± 2.3 (min = 17; max = 40). Of them, 98.8% of the participants are single ( n = 420). Of them, 56.2% have heard about TC before, and 18.4% said they were informed about TC. Factor loading of the items in the first factor was 0.64 to 0.89, while it was 0.48 to 0.75 for the items in the second factor, 0.50 to 0.87 for the items in the third factor, 0.37 to 0.68 for the items in the fourth factor, 0.51 to 0.68 for the items in the fifth factor, and 0.65 to 0.79 for the items in the sixth factor. The health belief model scale may be used in TC screenings for males to measure susceptibility, seriousness, health motivation, barriers, benefits, and self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Applying the Health Belief Model in Explaining the Stages of Exercise Change in Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Sas-Nowosielski ◽  
Andrzej Hadzik ◽  
Joanna Górna ◽  
Małgorzata Grabara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Abstract Introduction. The benefits of physical activity (PA) have been so well documented that there is no doubt about the significance of PA for personal and social health. Several theoretical models have been proposed with a view to understanding the phenomenon of PA and other health behaviours. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if and how the variables suggested in the Health Belief Model (HBM) determine physical activity stages of change in older adults. Material and methods. A total of 172 students of Universities of the Third Age aged 54 to 75 (mean = 62.89 ± 4.83) years agreed to participate in the study, filling out an anonymous survey measuring their stage of exercise change and determinants of health behaviours proposed by the HBM, including: perceived benefits of physical activity, perceived barriers to physical activity, perceived severity of diseases associated with sedentary lifestyle, perceived susceptibility to these diseases, and self-efficacy. Results. The results only partially support the hypothesis that the HBM predicts intentions and behaviours related to the physical activity of older adults. Only two variables were moderately-to-strongly related to stages of exercise change, namely perceived barriers and self-efficacy. Conclusion. Interventions aimed at informing older adults about the benefits of physical activity and the threats associated with sedentary lifestyle can be expected to have rather a weak influence on their readiness for physical activity.

scholarly journals Changing the Health Behaviour of Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Beata Przyborowska ◽  
Piotr Błajet
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Personal Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Nicolaus Copernicus ◽  
The Health Belief Model ◽  
Individual Dimension

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented changes in educational, professional, and leisure activities around the world. Protecting health against the virus has become the most important task in the social and individual dimension. The aim of the study was to diagnose changes in the behaviour and health beliefs of students. The WHO definition of health and the Health Belief Model (HBM) were adopted as the theoretical basis for defining variables. The study was of diagnostic and verification nature, and a quantitative strategy was used in it. The general population comprised students of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. The study was conducted electronically in 2020, during the first lockdown in Poland. The Likert scale was used as a tool to assess the degree of change. The respondents declared the greatest changes in terms of caring about physical and relational health. The declared behavioural changes concerned the most conservative, trained forms of pro-health activity. Despite the declared beliefs about the importance of maintaining health and the personal risk of viral infection, the respondents declared undertaking more advanced pro-health activities only to a small extent.

scholarly journals The role of health beliefs and health literacy in women's health promoting behaviours based on the health belief model: a descriptive study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahla Ghorbani-Dehbalaei ◽  
Marzeyeh Loripoor ◽  
Mostafa Nasirzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Abstract Background Health literacy and health beliefs are factors that can effectively contribute to adoption of preventive behaviors among women. The present study was done to explore the role of health beliefs and health literacy in women's health promoting behaviors based on the health belief model (HBM). Methods The descriptive study was conducted in 2020 on 431 female students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) who had been selected through stratified sampling. Data collection tool was a questionnaire which covered eight demographic information, 41 health literacy questions and 50 researcher-developed questions of health belief based on HBM constructs. Data were collected electronically and SPSS version 20 and independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression were used for data analysis at a significance level less than 0.05. Results The preventive behaviors were adopted by 75.57% of the population and the total health literacy score was found to be 52.71 out of 100. According to the Multiple regression analysis, self-efficacy (β = 0.414, p = 0.001) and cues to action (β = 0.299, p = 0.001) were found to be the first and second robust predictors of behavior, respectively. Health literacy, self-efficacy, cues to action and perceived susceptibility constructs predicted 52.1% of preventive behaviors. Conclusion It is recommended that researchers design, implement and evaluate interventions based on behavioral change theories, especially the self-efficacy theory, in order to promote women's health.

scholarly journals Understanding Flu Vaccination Acceptance Among U.S. Adults: The Health Belief Model and Media Sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2019) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Tong Xia ◽  
Connor Grady ◽  
Michael Cacciatore ◽  
Glen Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Based on previous studies about the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the reinforcing relationship between media selectivity or preference and individual’s behavior, this study used a national representative adult sample to assess flu vaccination as the result of an appraisal of relevant health beliefs, trust towards the authoritative entities (e.g. CDC & FDA) and vaccine-related media information, in addition to one’s existing behavior pattern. Results showed that not-vaccinated individuals differ significantly in their vaccine-related health believes and the trust towards the authoritative information sources. This group acquired less recommendation from health care providers and more negative sentiments about flu vaccine overall. After controlling for the existing behavior, media selectivity and perceived vaccine benefit are predicting individual’s vaccination hesitancy and intention in the coming flu season.

scholarly journals What Affects Maternal Response to Measles Vaccinations? Examining the Health Beliefs Model (HBM)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Grinberg ◽  
Yael Sela
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Measles Outbreaks ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Background: Renewed measles outbreaks in recent years indicate that despite the routine availability of vaccines for a disease that is considered contagious, dangerous and deadly, many anti-vaccinationists do not vaccinate their children, which consequently endangers public health. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence mothers to vaccinate their children, and whether the Health Belief Model (HBM) could predict compliance or non-compliance. Methods: This was a quantitative correlational research, utilizing a 40-item questionnaire administered to 181 mothers in Israel. Results: The findings indicated two main factors that affected mothers' intention to vaccinate their children against measles: first, their perception of the vaccine's advantages, and second, their perception of the severity of the disease. It was also found that the HBM variables significantly affected the intention to administer vaccines. Conclusion: Consequently, raising public awareness of the vaccine's advantages and importance to preventing mass infection, as well as attempts by the health system and practitioners to understand the motivations of anti-vaccinationists (including health beliefs and cultural sensitivities) could significantly increase the percentage of vaccinated children, and eradicate the measles epidemic.

Application of concepts of concordance and health beliefs to individuals with pressure ulcers

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Amie James ◽  
Samantha Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Health Belief Model

The management of individuals with chronic health conditions, including patients with non-healing or complex wounds, is a challenge for healthcare systems. Current initiatives within the UK encourage patients to take an active role in managing their own health. To facilitate this, it is essential that healthcare professionals understand how health beliefs can influence health behaviours. This article examines theoretical frameworks, such as the health belief model and the multidimensional locus of control scale, and discusses the key features of concordance. Concepts of concordance, including shared decision making and patient-centred practice, are applied to research involving individuals with pressure ulcers. Consideration is also given to psychosocial factors such as cultural differences, quality of life and coping mechanisms.

scholarly journals Predicting intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine among the general population using the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liora Shmueli
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Health Belief Model

AbstractBackgroundA novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March, 2020. Until such time as a vaccine becomes available, it is important to identify the determining factors that influence the intention of the general public to accept a future COVID-19 vaccine. Consequently, we aim to explore behavioral-related factors predicting intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine among the general population using the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model.MethodsAn online survey was conducted among adults aged 18 years and older from May 24 to June 24, 2020. The survey included socio-demographic and health-related questions, questions related to the HBM and TPB dimensions, and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Associations between questionnaire variables and COVID-19 vaccination intention were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsEighty percent of 398 eligible respondents stated their willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. A unified model including HBM and TPB covariates as well as demographic and health-related factors, proved to be a powerful predictor of intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine, explaining 78% of the variance (adjusted R2 = 0.78). Men (OR=4.35, 95% CI 1.58–11.93), educated respondents (OR=3.54, 95% CI 1.44–8.67) and respondents who had received the seasonal influenza vaccine in the previous year (OR=3.31, 95% CI 1.22–9.00) stated higher intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Participants were more likely to be willing to get vaccinated if they reported higher levels of perceived benefits of COVID-19 vaccine (OR=4.49, 95% CI 2.79–7.22), of perceived severity of COVID-19 infection (OR=2.36, 95% CI 1.58–3.51) and of cues to action (OR=1.99, 95% CI 1.38–2.87), according to HBM, and if they reported higher levels of subjective norms (OR=3.04, 95% CI 2.15–4.30) and self-efficacy (OR=2.05, 95% CI 1.54–2.72) according to TPB. Although half of the respondents reported they had not received influenza vaccine last year, 40% of them intended to receive influenza vaccine in the coming winter and 66% of them intended to receive COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionsProviding data on the public perspective and predicting intention for COVID-19 vaccination using HBM and TPB is important for health policy makers and healthcare providers and can help better guide compliance as the COVID-19 vaccine becomes available to the public.

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