Neighborhood Resources and Social Participation Among Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Richard ◽  
Lise Gauvin ◽  
Yan Kestens ◽  
Bryna Shatenstein ◽  
Hélène Payette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This article examined the associations between proximity to selected locations considered to be conducive to social participation, and social participation itself, in urban-dwelling seniors. Methods: A sample of 520 older adults residing in the Montreal area provided reports of social participation and information about health, sociodemographic characteristics, social networks, and perceptions about features of their residential environment. Information about the distance between their home and five locations deemed to be conducive to social participation were obtained from a geographic information system. Results: Analyses showed a significant association between proximity to selected locations and social participation while accounting for individual characteristics and perceptions of neighborhood features (β = 0.37; SE = 0.17; p < 0.05). Discussion: Findings were consistent with contributions highlighting the impact of the built environment on seniors’ health-related behavior. Future work would benefit from the use of longitudinal designs and examinations of social participation through alternate channels.

scholarly journals Engagement in Favorite Activity and Implications for Cognition, Mental Health, and Function in Persons Living With and Without Dementia

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482199919
Author(s):  
Natalie G. Regier ◽  
Jeanine M. Parisi ◽  
Nancy Perrin ◽  
Laura N. Gitlin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthy Persons

Little is known about the impact of engagement in personally meaningful activities for older adults. Thus, this study examines the impact of engagement in one’s favorite activity on cognitive, emotional, functional, and health-related outcomes in older adults with and without cognitive impairment. Data were obtained from 1,397 persons living with dementia (PLWD) and 4,719 cognitively healthy persons (CHP) who participated in wave 2 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Sociodemographic characteristics were examined by cognitive status. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated that, for PLWD, engagement in favorite activity was associated with greater functional independence and decreased depression. For CHP, engagement in favorite activity was associated with greater functional independence, decreased depression and anxiety, and better performance on memory measures. Findings suggest that engagement in valued activities that are considered personally meaningful may have significant and distinct benefits for persons with and without dementia.

scholarly journals DISABLEMENT IN CONTEXT: DO SOCIAL NETWORKS MODERATE THE IMPACT OF INCREASING FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT ON WELL-BEING?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S565-S565
Author(s):  
William R McConnell ◽  
Robbie Dembo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Older adults with disabilities face a higher risk of experiencing poor health and social isolation in later life. Prior research has shown that social factors such as supportive relationships can modify disablement trajectories and reduce the likelihood of negative outcomes. Although research has considered the functional benefits of relationships through examining mechanisms like social support provision, the effects of network structure on the disablement process are not well understood. This study examines multiple social network mechanisms to explain the link between disability, health, and social participation among older adults. We ask, do social networks characteristics mediate or moderate the effects of increasing functional impairment on health and social participation? We analyze longitudinal panel data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project 2005 & 2010, including 2,261 adults aged 57-85. Respondents named 9,587 network members in 2005. We model indicators of health and social participation at 5-year follow-up using trajectories of functional impairment and social network characteristics. We find that larger, denser, and more supportive networks are associated with better health and more frequent social activity at follow-up. Furthermore, social network structure mediates the relationship between increasing functional impairment and health, but moderates the effect of impairment on social participation. For example, participants with more dense networks are more likely to maintain high social activity at follow-up, even at relatively high levels of impairment. This study demonstrates that functional impairments are not inherently disabling. Instead, personal and social resources can reduce the potential burdens of impairment in individuals’ lives.

scholarly journals Favorite Activity and Implications for Cognition, Mental Health, and Function in Persons With and Without Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Jeanine Parisi ◽  
Nancy Perrin ◽  
Laura Gitlin ◽  
Natalie Regier
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthy Persons

Abstract Little is known about the impact of engagement in personally meaningful activities for older adults. This study examines the impact of engagement in one’s favorite activity on cognitive, emotional, functional, and health-related outcomes in older adults with and without dementia. Data were obtained from 1,397 persons living with dementia (PLWD) and 4,719 cognitively healthy persons (CHP) participating in wave 2 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Sociodemographic characteristics were examined by cognitive status. A multivariate analysis of variance indicated that, for PLWD, engagement in favorite activity was associated with greater functional independence and decreased depression (F(6,1201)=3.01, p&lt;.01, Wilks’s Λ=.985, partial ƞ2=.015). For CHP, engagement in favorite activity was associated with greater functional independence, decreased depression and anxiety, and better performance on memory measures (F(6,4107)=11.46, p&lt;.001, partial ƞ2=.016,). Findings suggest that engagement in personally meaningful activities may have significant and distinct benefits for persons with and without dementia.

scholarly journals SOCIAL NETWORKS, HEALTH, AND WELL-BEING AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S71-S71
Author(s):  
Eleanor S McConnell ◽  
Kirsten Corazzini ◽  
T Robert Konrad
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Care Partners ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Although the impact of dementia on the health and well-being of those living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related Disorders (ADRD) and their care partners has been widely studied, less attention has been paid to how the disease impacts individuals within the context of their larger social networks. This symposium presents findings from a series of integrated studies aimed at strengthening measurement of health and well-being among older adults with living with dementia and well-being among members of their social networks. Findings will be presented from five studies: (1) a scoping review of social network measurement in older adults in chronic illness, including dementia, that emphasizes the use of technology in measuring older adults’ social networks; (2) a simulation study to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of sensor technology to measure social interaction among a person living with dementia and others in their immediate surroundings; (3) development of a web-based application that allows older adults to map and activate their social networks; (4) a qualitative analysis of interviews from persons living with dementia, their unpaid caregivers, and paid caregivers from an adult day health program concerning well-being focused outcomes; and (5) a mixed methods analysis of the feasibility of using both traditional and novel measures of health and well-being deployed among networks of people living with dementia. Emerging technologies for measuring social networks health and well-being hold promise for advancing the study of the relationship-based nature of care for people living with dementia.

scholarly journals Use of Music Therapy as an Audiological Rehabilitation Tool in the Elderly Population: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sophie Grenier ◽  
Louise Lafontaine ◽  
Andréanne Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Impact

It is well known and documented that sensory perception decreases with age. In the elderly population, hearing loss and reduced vestibular function are among the most prevalently affected senses. Two important side effects of sensory deprivation are cognitive decline and decrease in social participation. Hearing loss, vestibular function impairment, and cognitive decline all lead to a decrease in social participation. Altogether, these problems have a great impact on the quality of life of the elderly. This is why a rehabilitation program covering all of these aspects would therefore be useful for clinicians. It is well known that long-term music training can lead to cortical plasticity. Behavioral improvements have been measured for cognitive abilities and sensory modalities (auditory, motor, tactile, and visual) in healthy young adults. Based on these findings, it is possible to wonder if this kind of multisensory training would be an interesting therapy to not only improve communication but also help with posture and balance, cognitive abilities, and social participation. The aim of this review is to assess and validate the impact of music therapy in the context of hearing rehabilitation in older adults. Musical therapy seems to have a positive impact on auditory perception, posture and balance, social integration, and cognition. While the benefits seem obvious, the evidence in the literature is scarce. However, there is no reason not to recommend the use of music therapy as an adjunct to audiological rehabilitation in the elderly when possible. Further investigations are needed to conclude on the extent of the benefits that music therapy could bring to older adults. More data are needed to confirm which hearing abilities can be improved based on the many characteristics of hearing loss. There is also a need to provide a clear protocol for clinicians on how this therapy should be administered to offer the greatest possible benefits.

scholarly journals Archaeological documentation and data sharing: digital surveying and open data approach applied to archaeological fieldworks

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Previtali ◽  
Riccardo Valente
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Disciplinary Expertise ◽  
Large Level ◽  
The Impact

<p>The open data paradigm is changing the research approach in many fields such as remote sensing and the social sciences. This is supported by governmental decisions and policies that are boosting the open data wave, and in this context archaeology is also affected by this new trend. In many countries, archaeological data are still protected or only limited access is allowed. However, the strong political and economic support for the publication of government data as open data will change the accessibility and disciplinary expertise in the archaeological field too. In order to maximize the impact of data, their technical openness is of primary importance. Indeed, since a spreadsheet is more usable than a PDF of a table, the availability of digital archaeological data, which is structured using standardised approaches, is of primary importance for the real usability of published data. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to present a workflow for archaeological data sharing as open data with a large level of technical usability and interoperability. Primary data is mainly acquired through the use of digital techniques (e.g. digital cameras and terrestrial laser scanning). The processing of this raw data is performed with commercial software for scan registration and image processing, allowing for a simple and semi-automated workflow. Outputs obtained from this step are then processed in modelling and drawing environments to generate digital models, both 2D and 3D. These crude geometrical data are then enriched with further information to generate a Geographic Information System (GIS) which is finally published as open data using Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards to maximise interoperability.</p><p><strong>Highlights:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Open data will change the accessibility and disciplinary expertise in the archaeological field.</p></li><li><p>The main aim of this paper is to present a workflow for archaeological data sharing as open data with a large level of interoperability.</p></li><li><p>Digital acquisition techniques are used to document archaeological excavations and a Geographic Information System (GIS) is generated that is published as open data.</p></li></ul>

scholarly journals APLIKASI PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI UNTUK PEMETAAN DAERAH BERPOTENSI TSUNAMI DI KABUPATEN KUPANG PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Lidia Agustina Rumaal ◽  
Jehunias L. Tanesib ◽  
Jonshon Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Land Cover Map ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monitoring Area ◽  
Wave Arrival

Abstrak Telah dilakukan pemetaan daerah rawan tsunami berdasarkan estimasi waktu tiba gelombang dan tutupan lahan di Kabupaten Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur menggunakan aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, memetakan daerah rawan tsunami dan tingkat kerawanannya menurut estimasi waktu tiba gelombang dan tutupan lahan sebagai upaya mitigasi dampak bencana tsunami terhadap kepadatan penduduk. Metode penelitian secara umum dibagi dalam empat tahap utama yaitu pembangunan basis data berupa pembuatan peta tutupan lahan, peta gempa dan peta batimetri. Analisis data kerawanan dari peta tutupan lahan dan etimasi waktu tiba gelombang, penyajian hasil data dalam bentuk tingkat kerawanan masing-masing peta dan analisis hasil penelitian berupa tingkat kerawanan secara kualitatif masing-masing daerah titik pantau menurut peta tutupan lahan maupun estimasi waktu tiba gelombang. Selain itu, dampak kerawanan tsunami diklasifikasikan menurut tingkat kepadatan penduduk untuk kebutuhan mitigasi sebagai berikut Kecamatan Kupang Timur, Kupang Barat, Sulamu, Amfoang Timur, Semau, Semau Selatan, Amfoang Utara, Amfoang Barat Daya, Amfoang Barat Laut dan Fatuleu Barat. Kata kunci : Peta rawan tsunami, Penginderaan Jauh, Sistem Informasi Geografi, Estimasi Waktu Tiba Gelombang  Abstract Mapping of hazard tsunami areas based on estimation of arrival time of wave and land cover in Kupang Regency of East Nusa Tenggara Province using remote sensing application and geographic information system has been done. The  aims of this research are to mapping the hazard tsunami area and tsunami vulnerability level in Kupang Regency East Nusa Tenggara according to the estimated arrival time of the wave and land cover as an effort to mitigate the impact of the tsunami disaster on population density. These generally devided into four main phase namely development of database in the form of land cover map , seismic maps and bathymetry maps, data analysis of research results in the form of qualitative vulnerability of each monitoring area according to land cover map and estimated wave arrival time. Presentation of data results in the form of vulnerability level of each map and analysis and results analysis of research the form of vulnerability level of each map and analysis of research results in the form of qualitative vulnerability of each monitoring area according to land cover map and estimated wave arrival time. And then, the impact of tsunami vulnerability is classified according to population density levels for mitigation needs as follows Kupang Timur, Kupang Barat, Sulamu, Amfoang Timur, Semau, Semau Selatan, Amfoang Utara, Amfoang Barat Daya, Amfoang Barat Laut and Fatuleu Barat. Keywords: Tsunami Hazard Map, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System, Estimated Time of arrival Wave

scholarly journals Penentuan Penampungan Korban Banjir Di Kecamatan Laweyan Kota Surakarta Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Moh. Ali Ma'sum
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
The Impact

One of the anticipation actions that can be done before the flood disaster comes is to determine the evacuation route and evacuation location or shelter for flood relief and spread to the public in order to accelerate the process of evacuation of disaster victims so as to minimize losses from the flood itself. This research was conducted by approaching Geographic Information System (SIG) The purpose of this research is (1) Knowing the flood-prone agihan in Laweyan Subdistrict based on SIG. (2) Analyze the Availability of Shelter Locations (Educational Buildings and Buildings of Worship) of flood victims in Laweyan Subdistrict. It is expected that in the research to know the potential of the best temporary evacuation shelter / protection and evacuation design so that it can be considered and help the relevant agencies, especially local BPBD in order to improve flood mitigation in Sumber Village, Banjarsari District, Surakarta City. To reduce or overcome the impact caused by flood disasters on the comfort and safety of the community in Laweyan Subdistrict, researchers need to raise the title, " Determination of Flood Victim Shelter in Lawean District of Surakarta City Based on Geographic Information System".

scholarly journals Impact of Seniors Centers on oral health-related quality of life of older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Fernanda W. Machado Luz ◽  
Alexandre Emídio Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Perroni ◽  
Marília L. Goettems ◽  
Noéli Boscato
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of older adults participating or not in Seniors Centers (SC). METHODS: Two independent samples were compared: older adults who participate in SC (n = 124) and older adults who visited Primary Healthcare Centers (PHC) and do not participate in SC (n = 164). The data collected consisted of sociodemographic (sex, age, educational level, marital status, family income) and psychosocial characteristics—Sense of Coherence (SOC), anxiety and depression using HADS, happiness—, and oral clinical evaluation—use and need of dental prosthesis and decayed (D), missing (M), or filled (F) teeth. The resulting OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The Mann-Whitney test was used to assess the associations between the independent variables and the OHIP-14. Poisson regression models were also used in the analyses (α=0.05). RESULTS: In the PHC, of the 270 individuals invited to participate in the study, 164 (60.7%) were interviewed and clinically examined; while in the SC, of the 166 individuals invited to participate in the study, 124 (74.7%) were interviewed and clinically examined. After adjustments for sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical factors, we found that the impact on OHRQoL was 2.8 times higher (95%CI 2.0–4.2) for older adults who did not participate in SC. CONCLUSION: Older adults who participated in SC showed better perception on OHRQoL, independently of sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical factors.

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