scholarly journals Factors Associated With Community Corrections Involvement Among Formerly Incarcerated People in Recovery

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 909-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Chavira ◽  
Roberto Lopez-Tamayo ◽  
Leonard A. Jason
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
General Education ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Community Supervision ◽  
General Education Development ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
History Of

The current study examined whether current community supervision status was associated with differences in demographic characteristics, lifetime substance use patterns, and criminal history among a sample of formerly incarcerated individuals with a history of substance use problems. Results of multivariate analyses revealed participants on community supervision were more likely to have graduated from high school or earned a General Education Development test credential (GED; odds ratio [OR] = 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.15, 17.24]) and were less likely to have a history of psychiatric hospitalization (OR = 0.88; 95% CI = [0.08, 9.35]). These characteristics may be proxies for social and emotional functioning that influence eligibility for community supervision. Despite these apparent advantages, the community supervision group did not significantly differ from the formerly incarcerated group without current justice involvement on lifetime substance use patterns or criminal history, suggesting formerly incarcerated individuals with substance use disorders may require more intensive interventions to promote existing strengths.

scholarly journals Associations between History of Hospitalization for Violence Victimization and Substance-Use Patterns among Adolescents: A 2017 Korean National Representative Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Yeji Lee ◽  
Kang-Sook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of ◽  
Victimization Experience

Violence victimization can adversely affect adolescents’ long-term health. Existing research has mainly focused on the link between victimization and substance use; however, the evidence obtained to date has been inconsistent. This study, using a Korean national representative sample, examined the association between violence victimization and substance-use patterns (including tobacco, alcohol, and drug use) in terms of sex and number of violence victimization experiences. We analyzed secondary data from the 2017 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Chi-squared test analyses and logistic regression analysis were used to examine substance use in terms of violence victimization; additionally, p-values for trends were calculated to reveal the dose-response relationship per number of violence victimization experiences. We consequently found that participants’ rates of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use were higher among those who experienced violence victimization than among those who did not. For each substance-use-related variable, the greater the violence victimization experience, the higher the odds of substance use (p for trend < 0.001). Early intervention may help prevent the development of substance use, especially among adolescents who have experienced violence victimization. Prevention efforts regarding substance abuse and violence prevention should be included in school curricula to effectively prevent adverse health consequences among adolescents.

scholarly journals Functional Limitations and Perceived Neighborhood Walkability Among Urban Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Jennifer Blackwood ◽  
Noah J. Webster ◽  
Shailee Shah
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
General Education ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
General Education Development ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability

Older adults with functional limitations (FLs) often experience obstacles to walking. Although health promotion programs targeting physical activity are available in lower-income areas, few studies have compared the walking experiences of older adults who have FLs with those who do not in the community. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey was to compare perceptions of neighborhood walkability among older adults living in lower-income communities with and without FLs. Participants (N = 132) were recruited in 2018 at regional health clinics in Flint, Michigan. To be eligible, participants had to be 65 years of age or older, report no cognitive decline, and be Flint residents. Of the 132 participants, the mean age was 69.74 (SD = 4.97). The majority were female (66%); African American (77%); single, divorced, or widowed (72%); educated below the General Education Development level (57%), and had a FL (67%). Older adults with FLs were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) less likely than those without to visit many places within walking distance, to have well-lit neighborhoods at night, and to reside in neighborhoods where sidewalks were separated from the road and traffic. Multiple regression analyses revealed that having a FL was associated with poorer neighborhood perceptions of mixed-land-use (b = −0.19, p &lt; 0.05) and more walking hazards (b = −0.26, p &lt; 0.05). Findings suggest that a FL is associated with perceptions of walkability. It is essential to develop disability-friendly support systems and accommodations to encourage walking in lower-income communities.

scholarly journals The Concept of A Religious Humanis Values Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-232
Author(s):  
Hamam Burhanuddin
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Values Education ◽  
General Education Development ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Good Science ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
The Face ◽  
Development Concept

the study in this paper discusses the concept of a religious Humanist Values Education. Islam never experienced a heyday into the study of various disciplines, this is evident by the presence of muslim scientists. But with the passage of time that Islamic intelektualisme begin to Dim along with the understanding and the culture of taqlid. Whereas the Qur'an gave instructions in order to examine all the scientific disciplines, it can be seen from the verses of the Qur'an which was ordered to examine the nature and seisinya. Religious Humanist Values education which leads to the study of the komprehenshif of good science is both religious and General Education Development Concept is as Islam that humanizing of man in accordance with the duties of man as abdullah and the Caliph in the face of the Earth.

Social resources mobilization for general education development: A case study for secondary schools in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Thanh Dac Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Nam Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
General Education ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
The South ◽  
General Education Development ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Scale Reliability ◽  
Depth Interviews

The mobilization of social resources for educational development in schools is considered an important demonstration of the roles and responsibilities of parents and the community for the cause of education. This paper describes the frequency and efficiency of nine categories of social resources mobilization used in secondary schools in the South of Vietnam. The research team identified the reasons for and methods by which the mobilization of social resources takes place in six secondary schools in Southern Vietnam. We combined a questionnaire, completed by 202 school teachers and school managers, with in-depth interviews, observation and document analysis. The results showed high levels of both implementation and efficiency (scale reliability Cronbach alpha 0.93 and 0.92) of the mobilization of social resources, revealing a high interest in and engagement with social resources mobilization by social educational forces. Based on those results, we make a number of suggestions for improving the efficiency of this work, particularly in the South of Vietnam in reality.

Gamma-Butyrolactone Overdose Potentially Complicated by Co-Ingestion of Industrial Solvent N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Melamed ◽  
Roy Gerona ◽  
Paul D Blanc ◽  
Paul Takamoto ◽  
Stephanie Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
New Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Endogenous Metabolism ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Gamma Butyrolactone

Abstract Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is misused as an intoxicant, either alone or concurrently with other substances. Because GHB is illegal, the precursor chemicals 1,4-butanediol and gamma-butyrolactone are also misused for the same effect, either through pre-ingestion alteration or endogenous metabolism to GHB. We describe a case of a 50-year-old man with a history of polysubstance misuse who experienced an overdose of GHB from gamma-butyrolactone ingestion. The patient also co-ingested a common industrial solvent, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). This co-ingested substance raised theoretical concern of metabolism to a GHB congener, underscoring that the emergence of new psychoactive substance use patterns requires ongoing vigilance and toxicologic confirmation.

scholarly journals Learning geometry in pro-gymnasium: achievements and challenges

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Sičiūnienė ◽  
Janina Dargytė
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
General Education ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
General Education Development ◽  
Education Development ◽  
First Time ◽  
Achievement Levels

In Lithuania project “Standardized assessment of student achievement and self-assessment tool for schools of general education development” (Phase I) has been carried out for three years. It is the first time testing specialists’, specialists’ in didactics and teacher’s experience have been merged and statistical and expert information have been systematised and generalized. Standardized grade 8 math programme was created, in which for the first time three students’ achievement levels descriptions and illustrated tasks’ examples are presented. Creation of the programme and programme’s presentation to mathematics community gave rise to many discussions about the different students’ achievement levels abilities and reasons for it. Extra-large ability differences emerged in the field of geometry, which encouraged the authors to go deep into the problems of this area. Authors took advantage of the project database and completed geometry tasks and their solutions deep analysis. This article presents the summarized results of the study.

Generalizability of General Education Development ratings of jobs in the United States.

1981 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen M. Webb ◽  
Richard J. Shavelson ◽  
Jerry Shea ◽  
Enric Morello
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
General Education Development ◽  
Education Development

Microdosing psychedelics: Demographics, practices, and psychiatric comorbidities

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Rosenbaum ◽  
Cory Weissman ◽  
Thomas Anderson ◽  
Rotem Petranker ◽  
Le-Anh Dinh-Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Benefits

Rationale: Microdosing psychedelics – the practice of consuming small, sub-hallucinogenic doses of substances such as LSD or psilocybin – is gaining attention in popular media but remains poorly characterized. Contemporary studies of psychedelic microdosing have yet to report the basic psychiatric descriptors of psychedelic microdosers. Objectives: To examine the practices and demographics of a population of psychedelic microdosers – including their psychiatric diagnoses, prescription medications, and recreational substance use patterns – to develop a foundation on which to conduct future clinical research. Methods: Participants ( n = 909; Mage = 26.9, SD = 8.6; male = 83.2%; White/European = 79.1%) recruited primarily from the online forum Reddit completed an anonymous online survey. Respondents who reported using LSD, psilocybin, or both for microdosing were grouped and compared with non-microdosing respondents using exploratory odds ratio testing on demographic variables, rates of psychiatric diagnoses, and past-year recreational substance use. Results: Of microdosers, most reported using LSD (59.3%; Mdose = 13 mcg, or 11.3% of one tab) or psilocybin (25.9%; Mdose = 0.3 g of dried psilocybin mushrooms) on a one-day-on, two-days-off schedule. Compared with non-microdosers, microdosers were significantly less likely to report a history of substance use disorders (SUDs; OR = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05–0.56)) or anxiety disorders (OR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.41–0.91)). Microdosers were also more likely to report recent recreational substance use compared with non-microdosers (OR = 5.2 (95% CI: 2.7–10.8)). Conclusions: Well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of this practice in clinical populations and to test claims about potential benefits.

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