“Guidebook on Doctors’ Behaviors for Death Diagnosis Created by Community Healthcare Providers” Changed Residents’ Mind for Death Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 082585972095169
Author(s):  
Akihiko Kusakabe ◽  
Jyunko Nozato ◽  
Kazue Hirano ◽  
Naohiro Saitou ◽  
Keiko Ikenaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After

Background: Education regarding death diagnosis is not often included in the medical education. Objective: To investigate the change minds at the time of death diagnosis among residents after lectures based on our guidebook. Design: Uncontrolled, open-label, multi-center trial. Subjects: A total of 131 doctors undergoing their initial training were enrolled this study. Measurements: Questionnaires were administered to volunteers before and after the lecture by the clinical training instructor presented information regarding doctors’ behaviors at the death diagnosis based on our guidebook at each hospital. Results: The subjects had an average age of 27.1 years and comprised 76 men (58.0%) and 54 women (41.2%). A total of 83 subjects (63.4%) had learned how to diagnose death as medical students, and 52 subjects (39.7%) had experienced death diagnosis scenes as medical students. Among those who had difficulties related to death diagnoses, the highest number (88.4%) indicated that “I do not know what to say to the family after a death diagnosis”. Self-evaluation significantly increased after the lecture for many items concerning explanations to and considerations of the family: the effect size for “Give words of comfort and encouragement to family” increased significantly after the lecture to 0.9. Conclusions: Few of the residents felt that they had received education regarding death diagnoses; they reported difficulties with diagnosing death and responding to patients’ families. After the lecture using our guidebook, residents’ mind changed significantly for death diagnosis, suggesting that the guidebook at the time of death diagnosis may be useful.

scholarly journals Peer-assisted learning: filling the gaps in basic science education for preclinical medical students

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yezen Sammaraiee ◽  
Ravi D. Mistry ◽  
Julian Lim ◽  
Liora Wittner ◽  
Shantal Deepak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Peer Assisted Learning ◽  
Basic Science Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Preclinical Curriculum

In contrast to peer-assisted learning (PAL) in clinical training, there is scant literature on the efficacy of PAL during basic medical sciences teaching for preclinical students. A group of senior medical students aimed to design and deliver clinically oriented small-group tutorials after every module in the preclinical curriculum at a United Kingdom medical school. Twenty tutorials were delivered by senior students throughout the year to first- and second-year students. A baseline questionnaire was delivered to inform the development of the program followed by an end-point questionnaire the next year ( n = 122). Quizzes were administered before and after five separate tutorials to assess changes in mean student scores. Additionally, each tutorial was evaluated via a questionnaire for participants ( n = 949). All five posttutorial quizzes showed a significant improvement in mean student score ( P < 0.05). Questionnaires showed students found the program to be relevant and useful for revision purposes and appreciated how tutorials contextualized basic science to clinical medicine. Students appreciated the interactive nature of the sessions and found receiving personalized feedback about their learning and consolidating information with someone familiar with the material to be useful. With the inclusion of the program, students felt there were now an adequate number of tutorials during the year. In conclusion, this study shows that senior medical students can design and deliver a program that adds value to the mostly lecture-based formal preclinical curriculum. We hope that our study can prompt further work to explore the effect of PAL on the teaching of basic sciences during preclinical studies.

scholarly journals Educational games: training of community healthcare agents on children's respiratory diseases

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Dully Andrade ◽  
Débora Falleiros de Mello ◽  
Carmen Gracinda Silvan Scochi ◽  
Luciana Mara Monti Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Educational Games ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
Family Health Program ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After

OBJECTIVE: Evaluating the use of an educational game about children's respiratory diseases by community healthcare agents (CHAs) in the Family Health Program. METHODS: This is a descriptive, intervention study, with the application of the game to 101 CHAs in Passos-MG. The game was structured with cases of children and families and their respective answer sheets. For evaluation, a test about the topic was applied before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Correct answers in the test increased from 59.5% to 79.3% after participating in the game, which corresponds to a 20% increase. CONCLUSION: The increase in the CHA's knowledge, revealed after the intervention, indicates that the educational game is a satisfactory instrument for healthcare education.

scholarly journals Deaf Awareness Workshop for Medical Students—An Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Kruse ◽  
Anja Zimmermann ◽  
Michael Fuchs ◽  
Daisy Rotzoll
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Awareness Training ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Catch Up

Abstract Background In the present study, a workshop was designed to determine the effect of deaf awareness training on medical students concerning their gain of knowledge regarding deafness and their competence in providing adapted communication and healthcare for deaf and hard of hearing patients. Methods Knowledge and competence in 95 medical students were evaluated in an online survey prior to as well as following the workshop. The workshop was held online in three consecutive sessions. Results Students reported a substantially more confident approach to working with hearing impaired patients and indicated that an online learning environment is a suitable and helpful alternative to face-to-face teaching. However, a direct comparison was not conducted. Participants improved significantly in all evaluated items concerning their knowledge and competence (p <0.001). Furthermore, measurements revealed interaction effects between students’ current period of study and the point in time of self-evaluation before and after the workshop. Preclinical students not only catch up but even surpass their clinical peers concerning their learning outcome. Conclusion Reviewing the results obtained by this study, we are optimistic with respect to all participants’ highly positive experiences and learning outcomes. Deaf awareness training should be included in the curriculum of all medical faculties.

scholarly journals Familiarity, Attitude, and Confidence of Health Literacy Practice among Community Healthcare Providers in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12610
Author(s):  
Mei-Chuan Chang ◽  
Jyh-Gang Hsieh ◽  
Mi-Hsiu Wei ◽  
Chuan-Hsiu Tsai ◽  
Jui-Hung Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Literacy Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
And Training ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Health literacy (HL), which is a determinant of individuals’ health as well as a personal and public asset, can be improved by community healthcare providers (CHPs) with the capability of providing HL services. The purpose of this study was to explore CHPs’ familiarity with and attitudes toward HL and their confidence in implementing HL practices. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted involving a total of 104 CHPs from 20 public health centers in Taiwan. It was based on a structured questionnaire involving self-evaluation by participants. The scores for familiarity, attitudes, and confidence in implementing HL practices were mean = 4.36, SD = 1.99; mean = 7.45, SD = 1.93; and mean = 6.10, SD = 1.77 (out of 10 points), respectively. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the two independent variables of familiarity and attitude could predict confidence in implementing HL practices (R2 = 0.57, F(2101) = 58.96, p < 0.001). The CHPs surveyed were not especially familiar with HL; thus, they recognized its importance, but they lacked confidence in implementing HL practices. Increasing practitioners’ familiarity with HL may therefore boost their confidence in implementation. The research results can serve as a reference when planning HL education and training.

Perceptions of Cluttering Among Communication Sciences and Disorders and Non Communication Sciences and Disorders Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Paul G. Blanchet ◽  
Greg Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Family And Consumer Sciences ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Consumer Sciences ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare perceptions of cluttering of undergraduate Communication Sciences and Disorders majors with perceptions of non-majors. Method A total of 79 undergraduate students served as participants; 37 students were Communications Sciences and Disorders majors enrolled in an introductory-level course. The other 42 students were recruited from nutrition courses in the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences. All students were provided with a written definition of cluttering and also viewed a short segment of an educational video. Students then rated a person who clutters on a variety of speech skills and personality scales. Results Results revealed that the Communication Sciences and Disorders students rated a person who clutters as exhibiting a significantly more inappropriate speech rate than did the Family and Consumer Sciences majors. However, results revealed no significant group differences in ratings of any personality traits. Conclusions Findings do not support the presence of relatively positive perceptions of cluttering among Communication Sciences and Disorders majors, at least not prior to coursework or clinical training. Further research is needed to replicate these findings with larger sample sizes, and to assess attitudes of these students before and after coursework and/or clinical training in fluency disorders.

scholarly journals Hand hygiene knowledge among undergraduate medical students in Junagadh, Gujarat, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Krutarth R. Brahmbhatt ◽  
Kaushik K. Lodhiya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Undergraduate Teaching ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Hand hygiene is now regarded as one of the most important element of infection control activities. Medical students in their clinical training phase throng the healthcare facilities and can potentially transmit infections besides being the healthcare providers of future when their pattern of training will reflect on their infection control practices. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess the knowledge of undergraduate medical students regarding hand hygiene practices.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out and data was collected by using “WHO hand hygiene knowledge questionnaire for health care workers” among 2nd M.B.B.S medical students at Junagadh. Knowledge was graded as good, moderate or poor based on the total number of correct answers.Results: Total 123 students participated in the study. There were 65 (53%) females and 58 (47%) were males. The mean hand hygiene knowledge score (out of 25) was 15.05 (SD: ±2.37, 95% CI: 14.63-15.48). Majority of the participants (76%) had moderate knowledge of hand hygiene practices.Conclusions: In the present study majority of the students had not received formal training regarding hand hygiene practices. Majority of the students had moderate knowledge of hand hygiene. Incorporation of teaching and training of hand hygiene practice in the undergraduate teaching during the initial study years is the need of the hour to prevent further emergence of antimicrobial resistance and health care associated infections.

Improving Genetics Clinic Efficiency and Capacity Using Design and Human Factors Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Maryam Attef ◽  
Mireille Cloutier ◽  
Meredith Gillespie ◽  
Chantal Trudel ◽  
Kym Boycott
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Time On Task ◽  
Prenatal Genetics ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinic Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Improve Access

This quality improvement study focused on developing an understanding of factors influencing the ability of prenatal genetics counsellors (GCs) to efficiently see patients during the COVID-19 pandemic and strategies to improve their workflow using techniques from human factors and design. The demand for Prenatal Genetics Clinics is rising which has increased pressure on GCs to become more efficient. Genetics counsellors can improve access to their services by reducing the time spent on the tasks performed before and after a genetic counselling encounter, thereby increasing the number of patients they see. We were limited to certain methods to understand the differences in workflow before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study involved a literature review, archival analysis of workflow studies conducted before the pandemic, stakeholder meetings and mapping, a brainstorming session, as well as documenting time-on-task in a diary and naturalistic observation sessions. A task analysis was developed to identify factors influencing efficiency related to the design of the space, processes and the use of artefacts. Virtual and on-site workflows show that GCs spend at least half of their time on tasks before and/or after the patient’s appointment. Looking at potential inefficiencies or bottlenecks in workflow formed the development of a strategic plan for improving GC workflows at the prenatal Genetics Clinic. Improvements suggested through this analysis were constrained to support the current number of healthcare providers working within the existing space configuration.

scholarly journals MR-guided focused ultrasound liquid biopsy enriches circulating biomarkers in patients with brain tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Meng ◽  
Christopher B Pople ◽  
Suganth Suppiah ◽  
Maheleth Llinas ◽  
Yuexi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bbb Opening

Abstract Background Liquid biopsy is promising for early detection, monitoring of response and recurrence of cancer. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the shedding of biomarker, such as cell-free DNA (cfDNA), into the blood, and their detection by conventional assays. Transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) can safely and transiently open the BBB, providing an opportunity for less-invasive access to brain pathology. We hypothesized MRgFUS can enrich the signal of circulating brain-derived biomarkers to aid in liquid biopsy. Methods Nine patients were treated in a prospective single-arm, open-label trial to investigate serial MRgFUS and adjuvant temozolomide combination in patients with glioblastoma (NCT03616860). Blood samples were collected as an exploratory measure within the hours before and after sonication, with control samples from non-brain tumor patients undergoing BBB opening alone (NCT03739905). Results Brain regions averaging 7.8±6.0 cm 3 (range 0.8–23.1 cm 3) were successful treated within 111±39 minutes without any serious adverse events. We found MRgFUS acutely enhanced plasma cfDNA (2.6±1.2 fold, p&lt;0.01, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (3.2±1.9 fold, p&lt;0.01), and brain specific protein S100b (1.4±0.2 fold, p&lt;0.01). Further comparison of the cfDNA methylation profiles suggests a signature that is disease and post-BBB opening specific, in keeping with our hypothesis. We also found cfDNA mutant copies of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) increased, although this was in only one patient known to harbour the tumor mutation. Conclusions This first-in-human proof-of concept study shows MRgFUS enriches the signal of circulating brain-derived biomarkers, demonstrating the potential of the technology to support liquid biopsy for the brain.

scholarly journals The Effect of Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm/532 nm Laser in the Treatment of Onychomycosis In Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Kalokasidis ◽  
Meltem Onder ◽  
Myrto-Georgia Trakatelli ◽  
Bertrand Richert ◽  
Klaus Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
532 Nm

In this prospective clinical study, the Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm/532 nm laser (Light Age, Inc., Somerset, NJ, USA) was used on 131 onychomycosis subjects (94 females, 37 males; ages 18 to 68 years). Mycotic cultures were taken and fungus types were detected. The laser protocol included two sessions with a one-month interval. Treatment duration was approximately 15 minutes per session and patients were observed over a 3-month time period. Laser fluencies of 14 J/cm2were applied at 9 billionths of a second pulse duration and at 5 Hz frequency. Follow-up was performed at 3 months with mycological cultures. Before and after digital photographs were taken. Adverse effects were recorded and all participants completed “self-evaluation questionnaires” rating their level of satisfaction. All subjects were well satisfied with the treatments, there were no noticeable side effects, and no significant differences were found treating men versus women. At the 3-month follow-up 95.42% of the patients were laboratory mycologically cured of fungal infection. This clinical study demonstrates that fungal nail infections can be effectively and safely treated with Q-Switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm/532 nm laser. It can also be combined with systemic oral antifungals providing more limited treatment time.

Does a comprehensive service user-led education programme effect more positive attitudes towards recovery and less stigmatising attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental distress in medical students? A comparative cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742098788
Author(s):  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Jessica Senior ◽  
Ben Beaglehole ◽  
Gordon L Purdie ◽  
Sarah E Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Service User ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Comprehensive Service ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This study sought to investigate the impact of a service user-led anti-stigma and discrimination education programme, encompassing numerous interventions focused on facilitating multiple forms of social contact, the promotion of recovery, and respect for human rights, on medical student attitudes. Method: A comparison cohort study was used to compare the attitudes of two cohorts of medical students who received this programme as part of their fifth (the fifth-year cohort) or sixth (the sixth-year cohort) year psychological medical education attachment (programme cohorts) with two cohorts of equivalent students who received a standard psychological medical attachment (control cohorts). Attitudes to recovery (using the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire) and stigma (using the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers) were measured at the beginning and end of the attachments for each year and compared both within and between the cohorts using Wilcoxon signed-rank or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: With sample sizes ranging from 46 to 70 across all cohorts, after their psychological medicine attachment both the programme and control cohorts showed more positive attitudes towards recovery and less stigmatising attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental distress. Significant differences between the programme cohorts and the control cohorts were found for recovery attitudes (median difference of 2, p < 0.05 in both fifth and sixth year), with particularly large differences being found for the ‘recovery is possible and needs faith’ subdomain of the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire. There were no significant between cohort differences in terms of stigmatising attitudes as measured by the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers. Conclusion: The introduction of a comprehensive service user-led anti-stigma and education programme resulted in significant improvements in recovery attitudes compared to a control cohort. However, it was not found to be similarly superior in facilitating less stigmatising attitudes. Various possible reasons for this are discussed.

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