Pre-meal inulin consumption does not affect acute energy intake in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults: A randomized controlled crossover pilot trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Smiljanec ◽  
Cassie M Mitchell ◽  
Olivia F Privitera ◽  
Andrew P Neilson ◽  
Kevin P Davy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background: Three-fourths of adults older than 55 years in the United States are overweight or obese. Prebiotics including inulin-type fructans may benefit with weight management. Aim: We aimed to investigate the acute effects of pre-meal inulin consumption on energy intake (EI) and appetite in older adults. Methods: Sedentary, overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults ( n = 7, 60.9 ± 4.4 years, BMI 32.9 ± 4.3 kg/m2) ingested inulin (10 g) or a water preload before each test period in a randomly assigned order. EI, appetite and gastrointestinal symptoms were monitored during the following 24 h. Results: No differences in EI were noted between conditions (inulin: 14744 ± 5552 kJ, control: 13924 ± 4904 kJ, p > 0.05). Rumbling was increased with inulin consumption ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pre-meal inulin consumption does not acutely decrease EI or suppress appetite in older adults. Further research should address individual differences among diets, eating behaviors, and microbiota profiles.

scholarly journals Measuring (Non)Essentialist Beliefs About the Process of Aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Weiss ◽  
Manfred Diehl
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Objectives We validated an aging mindset measure that captures beliefs about the process of aging. Specifically, we introduce a brief 4-item and an extended 10-item measure assessing (non)essentialist beliefs about aging. Methods We report findings from one longitudinal and one cross-cultural study, including young, middle-aged, and older adults between 18 and 88 years. The studies established (retest) reliability and measurement invariance as well as convergent and discriminant validity of the measures. Results First, in a longitudinal study (N = 124, 50–84 years) including 4 measurement occasions, we showed that the 4-item scale assessing (non)essentialist beliefs about aging has good retest reliability and convergent as well as discriminant validity (e.g., awareness of age-related change). Second, in a large cross-cultural sample (N = 1,080, 18–82 years) of participants in the United States and Germany, we established an extended 10-item measure of (non)essentialist beliefs about aging, providing support for a 2-factor structure as well as measurement invariance across samples within and across countries (the United States and Germany), age groups (young, middle-aged, and older adults), as well as across men and women. Discussion Our results highlight the importance of distinguishing between fixed versus malleable aging beliefs in research on aging and life-span development.

scholarly journals Association of a Negative Wealth Shock With All-Cause Mortality in Middle-aged and Older Adults in the United States

JAMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 319 (13) ◽  
pp. 1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay R. Pool ◽  
Sarah A. Burgard ◽  
Belinda L. Needham ◽  
Michael R. Elliott ◽  
Kenneth M. Langa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Wealth Shock
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