scholarly journals Terms and Measures of Cognitive Health Associated With Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 174-185
Author(s):  
Kelly Quinn ◽  
Christina E. Miyawaki ◽  
Raina Croff ◽  
Mia T. Vogel ◽  
Basia Belza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
National Public Health

The Healthy Brain Initiative: National Public Health Road Map to Maintaining Cognitive Health (2007) called on the research community to disseminate its work on cognitive aging and cognitive health. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) identify terminology that cognitive, social, and behavioral scientists use to describe cognitive aging and cognitive health, in association with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, among older adults; (2) demonstrate how such terms are defined; and (3) illustrate how these constructs are measured in research settings. Empirical studies published 2007–2018 were examined for terminology, definitions, disciplinary orientation, and measurement mechanisms. Analysis of the corpus and a detailed review of the terms “cognitive impairment” and “mild cognitive impairment” reveal that formal definitions are provided infrequently and measurement of constructs ranges widely. Overall, the variability in terminology, definitions, and measures reflects a need for greater specificity in research communication, such that cross-disciplinary collaboration can be facilitated.

scholarly journals TERMS AND MEASURES OF COGNITIVE AGING AND COGNITIVE HEALTH: A SCOPING REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S596-S596
Author(s):  
Christina E Miyawaki ◽  
Kelly Quinn ◽  
Raina Croff ◽  
Mia T Vogel ◽  
Basia Belza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
National Public Health

Abstract The Healthy Brain Initiative: National Public Health Road Map to Maintaining Cognitive Health (2007) called on the research community to more widely disseminate its work on cognitive aging and cognitive health. However, communication beyond individual disciplines is complex. We identified terminology that social scientists use to describe cognitive aging and cognitive health among older adults, demonstrated how such terms are defined, and illustrated how these constructs are being measured. We searched terms such as Alzheimer* and dementia in studies between 2007 and 2018 (n=209). Geriatrics (n=95), neurology (n=81), psychiatry (n=65), and psychology (n=30) were most common disciplines; however, there was no consistency in how terms were used within and across disciplines. A detailed review of “cognitive impairment” and “mild cognitive impairment” demonstrated that formal definitions were provided infrequently and measurement of constructs ranged widely. The variability in terminology, definitions and measures reflects a need for greater specificity in research communication.

scholarly journals The Role of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors in Maintaining Cognitive Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie E. Marchand ◽  
Majken K. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Global Population

Concern over loss of cognitive function, including descent into Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, grips a growing percentage of men and women worldwide as the global population ages. Many studies, though not all, suggest that maintaining cognitive health, as well as slowing and even preventing cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease, can be achieved by consuming healthy diets over a long enough period of time. This appears to be the case even for those who initiated dietary changes later in life, as evidenced by an intervention study assessing consumption of a healthy diet among those who were >50 years of age. All such diets share the common traits of being rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish or seafood, while also being low in red meat and sweets. A Mediterranean-style diet shares these characteristics and has been associated with an estimated 40% lower risk of cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease in prospective studies, in addition to being associated with both a 65% lower risk of mild cognitive impairment and improved cognitive performance in a notable randomized controlled trial.

scholarly journals Neurocognitive predictors of financial capacity across the dementia spectrum: Normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEGAN G. SHEROD ◽  
H. RANDALL GRIFFITH ◽  
JACQUELYNN COPELAND ◽  
KATHERINE BELUE ◽  
SARA KRZYWANSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Story Recall ◽  
Financial Capacity

AbstractFinancial capacity is a complex instrumental activity of daily living critical to independent functioning of older adults and sensitive to impairment in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little is known about the neurocognitive basis of financial impairment in dementia. We developed cognitive models of financial capacity in cognitively healthy older adults (n = 85) and patients with MCI (n = 113) and mild AD (n = 43). All participants were administered the Financial Capacity Instrument (FCI) and a neuropsychological test battery. Univariate correlation and multiple regression procedures were used to develop cognitive models of overall FCI performance across groups. The control model (R2 = .38) comprised (in order of entry) written arithmetic skills, delayed story recall, and simple visuomotor sequencing. The MCI model (R2 = .69) comprised written arithmetic skills, visuomotor sequencing and set alternation, and race. The AD model (R2 = .65) comprised written arithmetic skills, simple visuomotor sequencing, and immediate story recall. Written arithmetic skills (WRAT-3 Arithmetic) was the primary predictor across models, accounting for 27% (control model), 46% (AD model), and 55% (MCI model) of variance. Executive function and verbal memory were secondary model predictors. The results offer insight into the cognitive basis of financial capacity across the dementia spectrum of cognitive aging, MCI, and AD. (JINS, 2009, 15, 258–267.)

scholarly journals The structure and validity of self-reported affect in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 887-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Ready ◽  
Janessa O. Carvalho ◽  
Robert C. Green ◽  
Brandon E. Gavett ◽  
Robert A. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Cognitive Health

ABSTRACTBackground: This study determined the reliability, validity, and factor structure of self-report emotions in persons with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) relative to controls.Methods: Participants (mild AD, n = 73; MCI, n = 159; controls, n = 96) rated current emotions with the Visual Analogue Mood Scales (Stern, 1997).Results: Internal consistency reliabilities were comparable across groups, as were the factor structures of emotion. Persons with AD reported more negative affect (NA) than persons with MCI and controls. The emotion that most differentiated groups was confusion. NA and PA may be more bipolar in persons with AD than for persons with MCI and controls.Conclusions: The underlying structure of affect was similar in persons with mild AD, MCI, and controls. Further, persons with MCI appeared to be “transitional” between cognitive health and dementia with regard to mood and affect. That is, participants with MCI tended to have affect scores that were intermediate between those with AD and controls. Implications for interventions to improve emotional well-being in AD and MCI are discussed.

scholarly journals Arab American Cognitive Aging: Opportunities for Advancing Research on Alzheimer’s Disease Disparities

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine J Ajrouch ◽  
Laura B Zahodne ◽  
Toni C Antonucci
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Ethnic Factors ◽  
Immigration And Religion

Abstract Background and Objectives This article highlights the dearth of and need for research on Arab American cognitive aging. We propose that studying cognitive health issues among older Arab Americans provides an innovative opportunity to advance knowledge about causes and consequences of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disparities and refine understanding of factors linked to immigrant health in the United States. Research Design and Methods Demographic information is provided on Arab Americans, who are on the cusp of being recognized by the U.S. government as a distinct ethnic group separate from whites. In the tradition of minority aging, we present a broad review of specific issues in the contemporary case of Arab Americans. Results We detail how including Arab Americans provides unique information on the importance of: (i) extending racial/ethnic group comparisons; (ii) linking social experiences to late-life cognitive health; and (iii) incorporating ethnic factors related to immigration and religion in the study of AD disparities. Discussion and Implications Studying Arab American cognitive aging provides an innovative opportunity to more fully delineate factors that create and sustain health disparities, with special insights into both causes and consequences.

Auditory Event-related Potentials in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 702-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Morrison ◽  
Sheida Rabipour ◽  
Frank Knoefel ◽  
Christine Sheppard ◽  
Vanessa Taler
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Auditory Event ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Auditory Event Related Potentials

Background: Mild cognitive deficits are more likely to occur with increasing age, and become more pronounced for people diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Conventional methods to identify cognitive declines (i.e., neuropsychological testing and clinical judgment) can lead to false positive diagnoses of cognitive impairment. Tools such as electroencephalography (EEG) offer additional measures of cognitive processing, indexing the electrophysiological changes associated with aging, MCI and AD. Objective: We reviewed the literature on EEG to determine if auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) could distinguish between healthy aging, MCI, and AD. Method: We searched two electronic databases (Medline and PyscInfo) for articles published between January 2005 and April 2017. Articles were considered for review if they included: i) participants 60 years of age or older; ii) healthy older adults or those diagnosed with MCI or AD; iii) at least one auditory elicited ERP component. Results: Our search revealed 1532 articles (800 after removing duplicates); 719 were excluded through title/abstract review, and of the 81 remaining articles, 30 satisfied inclusion criteria. All studies compared cognitive function between at least two of the three selected populations. Our findings suggest that the P300 and N200 components may distinguish between healthy cognitive aging, MCI, and AD. Conclusion: ERPs may be sensitive to progressive cognitive changes due to MCI and AD. The P300 and N200 may help identify patients who are likely to progress from MCI to AD, and could be a valuable clinical tool.

Connected speech assessment in the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment: a scoping review

Aphasiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée-Pier Filiou ◽  
Nathalie Bier ◽  
Antoine Slegers ◽  
Bérengère Houzé ◽  
Patricia Belchior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Speech Assessment

scholarly journals Protocol of the Cognitive Health in Ageing Register: Investigational, Observational and Trial Studies in Dementia Research (CHARIOT): Prospective Readiness cOhort (PRO) SubStudy

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e043114
Author(s):  
Chinedu T. Udeh-Momoh ◽  
Tamlyn Watermeyer ◽  
Geraint Price ◽  
Celeste A de Jager Loots ◽  
Natalia Reglinska-Matveyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Dementia Research

IntroductionThe Cognitive Health in Ageing Register: Investigational, Observational and Trial Studies in Dementia Research (CHARIOT): Prospective Readiness cOhort (PRO) SubStudy (CPSS), sponsored by Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC, is an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarker enriched observational study that began 3 July 2015 CPSS aims to identify and validate determinants of AD, alongside cognitive, functional and biological changes in older adults with or without detectable evidence of AD pathology at baseline.Methods and analysisCPSS is a dual-site longitudinal cohort (3.5 years) assessed quarterly. Cognitively normal participants (60–85 years) were recruited across Greater London and Edinburgh. Participants are classified as high, medium (amnestic or non-amnestic) or low risk for developing mild cognitive impairment–Alzheimer’s disease based on their Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status performance at screening. Additional AD-related assessments include: a novel cognitive composite, the Global Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite, brain MRI and positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Lifestyle, other cognitive and functional data, as well as biosamples (blood, urine, and saliva) are collected. Primarily, study analyses will evaluate longitudinal change in cognitive and functional outcomes. Annual interim analyses for descriptive data occur throughout the course of the study, although inferential statistics are conducted as required.Ethics and disseminationCPSS received ethical approvals from the London—Central Research Ethics Committee (15/LO/0711) and the Administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee (RPC 630/3764/33110) The study is at the forefront of global AD prevention efforts, with frequent and robust sampling of the well-characterised cohort, allowing for detection of incipient pathophysiological, cognitive and functional changes that could inform therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or delay cognitive impairment and dementia. Dissemination of results will target the scientific community, research participants, volunteer community, public, industry, regulatory authorities and policymakers. On study completion, and following a predetermined embargo period, CPSS data are planned to be made accessible for analysis to facilitate further research into the determinants of AD pathology, onset of symptomatology and progression.Trial registration numberThe CHARIOT:PRO SubStudy is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02114372). Notices of protocol modifications will be made available through this trial registry.

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