scholarly journals Exacerbation of Atopic Dermatitis after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination

1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Dalton ◽  
M R Haeney ◽  
Leena Patel ◽  
T J David
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Routine Vaccination ◽  
Severe Exacerbation ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Activated Lymphocytes ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Stimulation Of

In two children with atopic dermatitis, routine vaccination with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was followed by severe exacerbation of skin disease. If the sequence is cause and effect, a possible mechanism is stimulation of a Th2 lymphocyte cytokine profile by the vaccine, with migration of activated lymphocytes to inflamed skin. In children with active atopic dermatitis, BCG vaccination is best deferred until remission.

The paracaspase MALT1 in psoriasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Hailfinger ◽  
Klaus Schulze-Osthoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cytokine Receptors ◽  
Molecular Scaffold ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Psoriasis is a frequent autoimmune-related skin disease, which involves various cell types such as T cells, keratinocytes and dendritic cells. Genetic variations, such as mutations of CARD14, can promote the development of the disease. CARD14 mutations as well as the stimulation of immune and cytokine receptors activate the paracaspase MALT1, a potent activator of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1. The disease-promoting role of MALT1 for psoriasis is mediated by both its protease activity as well as its molecular scaffold function. Here, we review the importance of MALT1-mediated signaling and its therapeutic implications in psoriasis.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis after ceasing universal Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayori Kobayashi ◽  
Takashi Yoshiyama ◽  
Kazuhiro Uchimura ◽  
Yuko Hamaguchi ◽  
Seiya Kato
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Public Health Authority ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Notification Rate ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
The Past ◽  
Childhood Tb ◽  
Selective Vaccination

AbstractUniversal Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination is recommended in countries with high tuberculosis (TB) burden. Nevertheless, several countries have ceased universal BCG vaccination over the past 40 years, with scarce comparative epidemiological analyses regarding childhood TB after the policy change. We analysed data on childhood TB in countries that ceased universal BCG vaccination. Data sources included national/international databases, published papers, annual TB reports, and public health authority websites. Childhood TB notification rate increased in one of seven countries with available data. Pulmonary TB and TB lymphadenitis were the main causes of increasing childhood cases, while changes in severe forms of TB cases were minor. Maintaining high vaccine coverage for the target group was a common challenge after shifting selective vaccination. In some countries showing no increase in childhood TB after a BCG policy change, the majority of childhood TB cases were patients from abroad or those with overseas parents; these countries had changed immigration policies during the same period. Heterogeneity in childhood TB epidemiology was observed after ceasing universal BCG vaccination; several factors might obscure the influence of vaccination policy change. Lessons learned from these countries may aid in the development of better BCG vaccination strategies.

scholarly journals Substantiation of Using Pimecrolimus 1% Cream in Proactive Therapy of Children with Atopic Dermatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-382
Author(s):  
Nikolay N. Murashkin ◽  
Roman A. Ivanov ◽  
Eduard T. Ambarchian ◽  
Roman V. Epishev ◽  
Alexander I. Materikin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Proactive Therapy ◽  
Term Maintenance

Atopic dermatitis (AtD) is multifactorial inflammatory skin disease with high prevalence in pediatric population. It is crucial to implement long-term maintenance therapy to prevent AtD exacerbations according to current clinical guidelines and expert reports. The article summarizes the results of the major studies on using pimecrolimus 1% cream. Its efficacy and safety in long-term proactive therapy of children with AtD are presented.

scholarly journals Immune Responses Following BCG Immunization of Infants in Uganda and United Kingdom Are Similar for Purified Protein Derivative but Differ for Secretory Proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice A. Mawa ◽  
Mateusz Hasso-Agopsowicz ◽  
Lawrence Lubyayi ◽  
Grace Nabakooza ◽  
Marjorie Nakibuule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Mycobacterial Antigens ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction: The immunogenicity of BCG vaccination in infants differs between populations. We hypothesized that prenatal exposure to mycobacterial antigens might explain the differences in immune responses to BCG seen in other studies of infants in Africa and the United Kingdom (UK) and we explored this in birth cohorts in Uganda and the UK.Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from BCG-immunized infants of mothers with (n = 110) and without (n = 121) latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Uganda and BCG-immunized infants of mothers without LTBI (n = 25) in the UK at 10 and 52 weeks after birth. Cytokine and chemokine responses to PPD were measured to assess responses to BCG immunization, and to ESAT6/CFP10 to assess exposure to or infection with M. tuberculosis or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in 6-day whole blood culture supernatants by a 17-plex Luminex assay. Median responses were compared between Ugandan infants (together, and separated by maternal LTBI status) and UK infants.Results: The IFN-γ response to BCG vaccination was similar between Ugandan and UK infants at 10 and 52 weeks. At week 52, TNF production was marginally higher in Ugandan infants, but after adjusting for multiple comparisons this difference was not significant. At weeks 10 and 52, stimulation of blood with ESAT6/CFP10 produced significantly higher IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12p40, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and GM-CSF in Ugandan compared to UK infants. Stimulation of blood with ESAT6/CFP10 produced significantly higher amounts of IL-8 (p = 0.0001), IL-10 (p = 0.0022), and IL-13 (p = 0.0020) in the UK than in Ugandan infants of mothers without LTBI at week 10, but not at week 52.Conclusions: Immune responses to mycobacterial antigens following BCG immunization are similar for PPD, but differ for ESAT6/CFP10, between infants in Uganda and the UK. Neither maternal LTBI nor infant exposure to or infection with mycobacteria impacts the response to BCG. The observed global differences in immune response to BCG immunization are likely to be due to other causes.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain and Toll-Like Receptors 2 to Enhance the Effect of Bacillus Calmette Guerin Immunization for Prevention of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: Protocol for a Series of Preclinical Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Eisenhut
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
Nucleotide Oligomerization ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

BACKGROUND Bacillus calmette guerin (BCG) immunization has been associated with a reduction in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. BCG immunization has been shown to enhance innate immunity. This effect of BCG can be explained by an enhancing effect on innate immunity. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the following hypotheses: (1) BCG immunization can prevent infection with MTB, (2) prevention of infection occurs via stimulation of NOD2 (nucleotide oligomerization domain) and toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2), and (3) the effect of BCG immunization on prevention of infection with MTB can be enhanced by giving stimulators of NOD2 and TLR2. METHODS To detect the influence of immunization on infection rates, the ultralow dose (ULD) infection model is used. The infection rate of mice vaccinated with BCG and exposed after 6 weeks to ULD of MTB and unvaccinated mice are compared via cultures of lung homogenates and interferon (IFN) gamma release assay. If a reduced infection rate by BCG immunization is confirmed, the experiment is repeated by giving BCG combined simultaneously or in time sequence with the enhancers of innate immunity murabutide or beta-glycan. The influence of murabutide or beta-glycan alone on infection rates is investigated. To quantify the contribution of innate immunity levels of tumor necrosis factor, IFN gamma expression, histone H3 K4me3 trimethylation, and concentrations of monocytes with features of activation of innate immunity as defined by the Ly6Chigh as well as CD11b positive phenotype in immunized versus unimmunized infected and uninfected mice in the various immunization protocols is compared. The experiments will be repeated with prior application of the inhibitors of epigenetic programming of innate immunity histone methyltransferase inhibitor 5’-deoxy-5’-methylthio-adenosine and histone acetyl transferase inhibitor epigallocatechin-3-gallate. The influence of BCG on innate immunity is further corroborated by a prospective observational study in human infants. RESULTS Investigations of derivatives of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) to enhance early immunity in the C57BL/6 mouse strain (mice aged 7 weeks) by another group used 300 micrograms per mouse of oil-associated 6-0-mycoloyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (mycol-MDP) 50/50 mixed with Freund’s incomplete adjuvant. Comparison of colony-forming unit (CFU) count in the lungs 3 weeks after aerosol challenge with Mycobacterium bovis of groups (n=5) between groups receiving mycol-MDP in oil emulsion (see above) versus controls (n=5) showed a significantly lower CFU count of 94.5 x106 (SD 22.0) in cases versus controls with 204.0 X 106 (SD 77.6). It is important to note that after elimination of T-cells in this model, a reduction of CFU in lungs of mice treated with mycol-MDP persisted albeit without statistical significance, which was possibly related to the small number of animals used. CONCLUSIONS Demonstration of a reduction of MTB infection by enhancement of innate immunity could show a new approach to improving vaccine efficacy against this pathogen. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR PRR1-10.2196/13045

scholarly journals Crocin ameliorated skin tissue inflammation in atopic dermatitis in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alyoussef
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Gardenia Jasminoides ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is considered a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease. In addition, crocin is the major carotenoid compound found in Gardenia jasminoides. It is previously proved to produce anti-inflammatory actions. Therefore, we conducted this research to investigate the therapeutic effects of crocin on a mice model of AD.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Mice were investigated for the number of scratches and dermatitis score. Skin was isolated and used for measurements of gene and protein expression of β-catenin, NFκB, TNF-α and IL-1β.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Authors found that crocin significantly reduced the number of scratches, ear thickness and dermatitis score. In addition, crocin ameliorated AD-induced elevation in the expression of β-catenin, NFκB, TNF-α and IL-1β.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Crocin ameliorated DNCB-induced AD in mice via blockage of β-catenin with subsequent reduction in inflammatory pathway.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT OF COMMON SKIN DISORDERS – A REVIEW STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1452-1456
Author(s):  
Manish Choudhari ◽  
Nikita Jamadari ◽  
Naresh Jain
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Common Skin

Objective - To increase awareness of the psychosocial impact of Kushtha, Visarpa, Mukhadushika, Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha in Ayurveda and Acne vulgaris, Urticaria, Various types of fungal infections, Atopic dermatitis, Psoriasis etc. in modern point of view. Quality Of Evidence - A literature review was based on a MEDLINE search (1966 to 2000). Selected articles from the dermatologic and psychiatric literature, as well as other relevant medical journals, were reviewed and used as the basis for discussion of how skin disease affects patients’ lives and of appropriate management. Message - Dermatologic problems hurt patients’ quality of life. skin disease can produce stress, anxiety, anger, depression, low self-esteem, embarrassment, and other psychological, personal, professional and social life problems that affect patients’ lives in ways comparable to arthritis or other disabling illnesses, as well as showing a bidirectional relationship between skin disease and psychological distress. This review focuses on the effects of five common skin diseases seen by family physicians- Acne, Urticaria, Various types of fungal infections, Atopic dermatitis and Psoriasis. Conclusion - How skin disease affects psychosocial well-being is un- derappreciated. Increased understanding of the psychiatric comorbidity associated with skin disease and a biopsy- chosocial approach to management will ultimately improve patients’ lives. Keywords: Skin disease, Psychosocial Impact, Quality of life.

scholarly journals A case of Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strain meningitis and ventriculitis following BCG vaccination

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihoko Furuichi ◽  
Fumi Mori ◽  
Yoji Uejima ◽  
Satoshi Sato ◽  
Jun Kurihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Bcg Vaccination

scholarly journals Wearing a mask and skin disease: patients with atopic dermatitis speak it out

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Merhand ◽  
L. Misery ◽  
V. Delvigne ◽  
C. Le Floch ◽  
C. Taïeb
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Disease
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