scholarly journals Comparative health system performance in six middle-income countries: cross-sectional analysis using World Health Organization study of global ageing and health

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (9) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyadh Alshamsan ◽  
John Tayu Lee ◽  
Sangeeta Rana ◽  
Hasan Areabi ◽  
Christopher Millett
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health System Performance ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Objective To assess and compare health system performance across six middle-income countries that are strengthening their health systems in pursuit of universal health coverage. Design Cross-sectional analysis from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health, collected between 2007 and 2010. Setting Six middle-income countries: China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa. Participants Nationally representative sample of adults aged 50 years and older. Main outcome measures We present achievement against key indicators of health system performance across effectiveness, cost, access, patient-centredness and equity domains. Results We found areas of poor performance in prevention and management of chronic conditions, such as hypertension control and cancer screening coverage. We also found that cost remains a barrier to healthcare access in spite of insurance schemes. Finally, we found evidence of disparities across many indicators, particularly in the effectiveness and patient centredness domains. Conclusions These findings identify important focus areas for action and shared learning as these countries move towards achieving universal health coverage.

scholarly journals How can we make better health decisions a Best Buy for all?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1543
Author(s):  
Niki O'Brien ◽  
Ryan Li ◽  
Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai ◽  
Saudamini Vishwanath Dabak ◽  
Amanda Glassman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Public Money ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) resolution calling on Member States to work towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) has increased the need for prioritizing health spending. Such need will soon accelerate as low- and middle-income countries transition from external aid. Countries will have to make difficult decisions on how best to integrate and finance previously donor-funded technologies and health services into their UHC packages in ways that are equitable, and operationally and financially sustainable. The International Decision Support Initiative (iDSI) is a global network of health, policy and economic expertise which supports countries in making better decisions about how best and how much to spend public money on healthcare. iDSI core partners include Center For Global Development, China National Health Development Research Center, Clinton Health Access Initiative, Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program, Thailand / National Health Foundation, Imperial College London, Kenya Medical Research Institute, and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. In May 2019, iDSI convened a roundtable entitled Why strengthening health systems to make better decisions is a Best Buy. The event brought together members of iDSI, development partners and other organizations working in the areas of evidence-informed priority-setting, resource allocation and purchasing. The roundtable participants identified key challenges and activities that could be undertaken by the broader health technology assessment (HTA) community to further country-led capacity building, as well to foster deeper collaboration between the community itself. HTA is a tool which can assist governments and development partners with evaluating alternative investment options in a defensible and accountable fashion. The definition and scope of HTA, and what it can achieve and support, can be presented more clearly and cohesively to stakeholders. Organizations engaging in HTA must develop deeper collaboration, and integrate existing collaborations, to ensure progress in developing HTA institutionalization globally is well organized and sustainable.

scholarly journals Integrating the Population Perspective into Health System Performance Assessment (IPHA): Study Protocol for a Cross-Sectional Study in Germany Linking Survey and Claims Data of Statutorily and Privately Insured

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Blümel ◽  
Julia Röttger ◽  
Julia Köppen ◽  
Katharina Achstetter ◽  
Reinhard Busse
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health System Performance ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
German Health ◽  
Health System Performance Assessment

Background: Health system performance assessment (HSPA) is a major tool for evidence-based governance in health systems and patient/population-orientation is increasingly considered as an important aspect. The IPHA study aims (1) to undertake a comprehensive performance assessment of the German health system from a population perspective based on the intermediate and final dimensions defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and (2) to identify differences in HSPA between (a) common user characteristics and (b) user types, which differ in their interactions and patterns of action within the health system. Methods and Analysis: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October and December 2018 with statutorily and privately health insured to assess the German health system from a population perspective related to the past 12 months. The random sample consists of 32 000 persons insured by AOK Nordost and 20 000 persons insured by Debeka. Data from the survey will subsequently be linked with health insurance claims data at the individual level for each respondent who has given consent for data linkage. Claims data covers the time period January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018. The combination of the 2 data sources allows to identify associations between insured patient characteristics and differences in the assessment of health system performance. The survey consists of 71 items measuring all final and intermediate health system goals defined by the WHO and user characteristics like health literacy, self-efficacy, the attention an individual pays to his or her health or disease, the personal network, autonomy, compliance and sociodemographics. The claims data contains information on morbidity, care delivery, service utilization, (co)payments and sociodemography. Discussion: The study represents a promising attempt to perform a holistic HSPA using a population perspective. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed that contains both validated and new items in order to collect data on all relevant health system dimensions. In particular, linking survey data on HSPA with claims data is of high potential for assessing and analysing determinants of health system performance from the population perspective.

scholarly journals Measuring Medicine Use: Applying ATC/DDD Methodology to Real-World Data

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Samantha Hollingworth ◽  
Therése Kairuz
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
World Health ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Drug Utilization Studies ◽  
Health Organization

Medicines are essential for the treatment of acute, communicable, and non-communicable diseases. The World Health Organization developed a toolkit for drug (medicine) utilization studies to assist in reviewing and evaluating the prescribing, dispensing, and use of medicines. There is a growing need for rigorous studies of medicine use in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) using standard approaches, especially in the context of universal health coverage. This commentary provides a succinct summary of how to use the WHO anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC)/defined daily dose (DDD) methodology in pharmacoepidemiological studies, with a focus on LMIC contexts. We drew on information from WHO resources and published literature, citing examples and case studies. We encourage readers to publish their drug utilization studies, although we caution about predatory journals. We recommend the use of the RECORD-PE initiative which focuses on methods for doing pharmacoepidemiological research and evaluating the quality of published papers.

Geographical variation and temporal trend in anemia among children 6-59 months of age in low- and middle-income countries during 2000-2018: forecasting the 2030 SDG target

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Md. Mehedi Hasan ◽  
Ricardo J Soares Magalhaes ◽  
Saifuddin Ahmed ◽  
Sonia Pervin ◽  
Md. Tariqujjaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Objective: To examine geographical variations, trends, and projections in the prevalence of childhood anemia at national and subpopulation levels. Design: Repeated cross-sectional Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted during 2000-2018. Setting: 53 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) Participants: 776,689 children aged 6-59 months of age. Results: During the latest DHS rounds between 2005-2018, the prevalence of child anemia was >20% in 52 out of 53 countries and ranged from 15.9% in Armenia in 2016 to 87.8% in Burkina Faso in 2010. Out of 36 countries with at least two surveys during 2000-2018, the prevalence of child anemia decreased in 22 countries, highest in Zimbabwe (−4.2%) and increased in 14 countries, highest in Burundi (5.0%). Based on the trend, 11 and 22 out of 36 countries are projected to experience respectively moderate and severe public health problem according to the World Health Organization criteria (moderate problem: 20-39.9% and severe problem: ≥40%) due to child anemia in 2030, with the highest prevalence in Liberia (87.5%, 95% Credible Interval 52.0-98.8%). The prevalence of child anemia varied across the mother’s education and age, child sex, wealth quintiles, and place of residence, with the highest rate of child anemia among the poorest, rural, and low-educated mothers. These scenarios are projected to continue. The probability of reducing child anemia at <0.5% by 2030 is 0% for all study countries. Conclusions: The prevalence of child anemia varied between and within countries. None of the 36 LMICs is likely to eradicate child anemia by 2030.

scholarly journals Household economic costs associated with mental, neurological and substance use disorders: a cross-sectional survey in six low- and middle-income countries

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crick Lund ◽  
Sumaiyah Docrat ◽  
Jibril Abdulmalik ◽  
Atalay Alem ◽  
Abebaw Fekadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

BackgroundLittle is known about the household economic costs associated with mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders in low- and middle-income countries.AimsTo assess the association between MNS disorders and household education, consumption, production, assets and financial coping strategies in Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda.MethodWe conducted an exploratory cross-sectional household survey in one district in each country, comparing the economic circumstances of households with an MNS disorder (alcohol-use disorder, depression, epilepsy or psychosis) (n = 2339) and control households (n = 1982).ResultsDespite some heterogeneity between MNS disorder groups and countries, households with a member with an MNS disorder had generally lower levels of adult education; lower housing standards, total household income, effective income and non-health consumption; less asset-based wealth; higher healthcare expenditure; and greater use of deleterious financial coping strategies.ConclusionsHouseholds living with a member who has an MNS disorder constitute an economically vulnerable group who are susceptible to chronic poverty and intergenerational poverty transmission.Declaration of interestD.C. is a staff member of the World Health Organization. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the World Health Organization.

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