Influence of coupling agent on post-consumption polypropylene composites reinforced with malt bagasse fibers

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110370
Author(s):  
Daniela Stefani ◽  
Marcos Aurélio Dahlem Júnior ◽  
Edson Luiz Francisquetti ◽  
Fernando da Silva dos Reis ◽  
Cleide Borsoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the use of coupling agent (CA) on the properties of thermoplastic composites produced from post-consumer polypropylene (rPP) and malt bagasse fibers (MB) of brewing industry. The CA used was maleic anhydride graft polypropylene copolymer (MAgPP). The study was carried out in two stages: in first step the best concentration of MB fibers was verified, where was varied the fiber contents between 0, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w); in the second step, the best MB concentration evaluated was used with different CA concentrations (0, 1, 3, 5 and 7% w/w). Of the three MB concentrations evaluated as reinforcing filler, the sample with a 30% (w/w) ratio presented 44% lower deformation than the others, presenting better mechanical resistance, although it also presented the highest water absorption. Thus, the 30% MB fiber content was chosen for two step, where the results showed that the PP/MB-30 composite treated with 3% (w/w) CA had a modulus of elasticity 10.3% higher than the same composite without CA, corroborating with the morphological analysis, which indicated better interfacial adhesion between composite components when CA was used. The PP/MB-30 composite treated with 1% (w/w) CA showed the highest thermal stability among all samples.

Mechanical Properties and Morphologies of Rice Husk Silica (RHS)/ Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) Composites: Effect of Silane Coupling Agent

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Jirapa Phosee ◽  
Jatuporn Wittayakun ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

In this work, rice husk silica (RHS), obtained from rice husk waste, was used as a reinforcing filler for preparing PBAT composites. The RHS surface was modified using a silane coupling agent, i.e. γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS), in order to facilitate interfacial adhesion between PBAT matrix and RHS filler. The contents of MPS were varied between 0.5 - 5.0 % based on weight of RHS. FTIR spectra indicated the appearance of MPS molecules on RHS surface. Untreated RHS and MPS treated RHS were used to produced RHS/PBAT composites containing 30%wt RHS. The results showed that mechanical properties of the PBAT composites can be enhanced by treating RHS surface with 2 %wt MPS.

Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Injection Moulded Hemp Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.W. Beckermann ◽  
K.L. Pickering ◽  
N.J. Foreman
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Single Fibre ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Hemp Fibre ◽  
Twin Screw

In recent years, industrial hemp fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites have attracted substantial interest as potential structural materials. These composites have been subject to intense study for use in lightweight, recyclable and low cost applications. The aim of this research was to improve and evaluate the composite tensile strength and fibre/matrix interfacial adhesion by means of fibre treatment and addition of a coupling agent. Hemp fibre was digested in a small pressure vessel with a solution of 5wt% NaOH / 2wt% Na2SO3. Single fibre tensile tests were performed on treated and untreated fibres, and it was found that the alkali treatment resulted in an increase in fibre strength and an improvement in fibre separation. Composites containing either treated or untreated fibre, polypropylene and a maleic anhydride modified polypropylene (MAPP) coupling agent were then compounded in a twin-screw extruder and injection moulded into tensile test specimens. Tensile tests revealed that significant improvements in composite strength were made by using treated fibre and MAPP. The effect of MAPP on the interface of treated hemp fibre/polypropylene composites was assessed by means of the single fibre fragmentation test, and the interfacial shear strength was determined thereafter.

scholarly journals Recycled tyre rubber-thermoplastic composites through interface optimisation

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (47) ◽  
pp. 29263-29270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghui Zhou ◽  
Mizi Fan
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Chemical Interactions

Chemical interactions between a coupling agent and raw materials benefited the improvement of compatibility, homogeneity and interfacial adhesion of a rubber–PE composite.

Studies on the improvement of compatibility in reinforced polypropylene composites using polypropylene-g-anhydride itaconate

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281-1292
Author(s):  
Jung Soo Kim ◽  
Jin Hoon Kim ◽  
Dae Young Lim ◽  
No Hyung Park ◽  
Youn Suk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Grafting Ratio ◽  
Monomer Content ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Long Carbon Fiber

We prepared long carbon fiber (LCF)-reinforced thermoplastic composites using a new compatibilizer, anhydride itaconate-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-AI). For a good grafting ratio of anhydride itaconate (AI) onto polypropylene (PP), we found optimum mixing conditions such as mixing temperature, monomer content, and initiator type. The initiator, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butyl peroxy)-hexane (Luperox 101), showed the best graft ratio. The optimum reaction temperature, initiator content, and monomer content were found to be approximately 190°C, 1 phr, and 5 wt%, respectively. We characterized the structure of PP-g-AI using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The ultimate tensile strength of LCF/PP-g-AI/PP composites increased by approximately 15% as the PP-g-AI content increased up to 5 wt%, compared with that of the PP/LCF composites. The fractured surfaces of PP/PP-g-AI/LCF composites showed that PP-g-AI was effective in improving the interfacial adhesion between LCF and the PP matrix.

Simultaneous effects of coupling agent and flame retardant on empty fruit bunch fiber/polypropylene composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (17) ◽  
pp. 1268-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Dalour Hossen Beg ◽  
Siti Samahani ◽  
Md Forhad Mina ◽  
Rosli Mohammad Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

Growth mechanism and characterization of ZnO nano-tubes synthesized using the hydrothermal-etching method

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Chuan-Sheng Liu ◽  
Yun-Ling Zou
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Room Temperature Photoluminescence ◽  
Etching Method ◽  
Nano Rods ◽  
Two Stages

AbstractZnO nano-tubes (ZNTs) have been successfully synthesized via a simple hydrothermal-etching method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and room temperature photoluminescence measurement. The as-synthesized ZNTs have a diameter of 500 nm, wall thickness of 20–30 nm, and length of 5 µm. Intensity of the plane (0002) diffraction peak, compared with that of plane (10$$ \bar 1 $$0) of ZNTs, is obviously lower than that of ZnO nano-rods. This phenomenon can be caused by the smaller cross section of plane (0002) of the nano-tubes compared with that of other morphologies. On basis of the morphological analysis, the formation process of nano-tubes can be proposed in two stages: hydrothermal growth and reaction etching process.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS FORMULASI PESTISIDA NABATI PADA SIPUT SETENGAH TELANJANG Parmarion martensi (GASTROPODA: ARIOPHANTIDAE)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sabina Sunarti Una ◽  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Second Step ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pesticide Formulations ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Contact Poison

This study aims to determine the activity of plant-based pesticide formulations on martyred Parmarion semi-naked snails. The study conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, Sam Ratulangi Street, Ende Regency. The research was conducted from February to August 2019 using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two stages of treatment. The first stage was testing the contact poison activity in 5 treatments namely P0 = Control, P1 = Dilution 1: 5, P2 = Dilution 1:10, P3 = Dilution 1:15, P4 = Pure extract. The second step is to test the stomach poison with five treatments namely R0 = Control, R1 = No immersion, R2 = Soak 10 minutes, R3 = Soak 20 minutes, R4 = Soak 30 minutes. All treatments are repeated five times so that they will get 25 units of experiments in every treatment. The results showed the concentration of vegetable pesticide extracts in contact poisons and stomach poisons the highest average mortality for contact poisons were found in P4 therapy with the highest mortality value of 68.00% and experienced the fastest death above 50.00% at 50.80 hours with single speed time is 0.55 hours. While the stomach poison in the R4 treatment is 66.66% with the time, the fastest mortality is above 50.00%, which is 55.40 hours with a speed of 0.57 hours per individual.

scholarly journals Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Mikoriza pada Tegakan Nyatoh (Palaquium sp.)

PERENNIAL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Kurnia Kurnia ◽  
Gusmiaty Gusmiaty ◽  
Siti Halimah Larekeng
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Two Stages

This research aimed to identify the mycorrhiza types that associated in roots and soil on  Palaquium sp. plant. This  research has implemented on December 2017 until February 2018. This research procedures made by two stages includes collecting soil and root samples on Palaquium sp plant on  Ko'mara Community Forest, Takalar District. Therefore, the second step is isolation, identification, and observing colonization of mycorrhiza spores in the Integrated Laboratory and Biotechnology and Tree Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. The results showed types of spore that found were Glomus, Gigaspora and Acaulospora. Glomus spore has highest relative abundance in root samples whereas on soil samples were Glomus, Gigaspora, and Schleroderma with Glomus spores has highest relative abundance in. The colonization percentage on site was intermediate.

scholarly journals Effect of Materials Content on Dimensional Stability, Nano Roughness and Interfaced Morphology for Virgin or Recycled Polypropylene Based Wood Composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Wood Composites ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Price Performance ◽  
Environmental Footprints ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Recycled Plastics

The compositions of mango wood-polypropylene composites (WPCs) are formulated, with different compositions of virgin polypropylene (PP) or recycled PP, mango wood waste and a coupling agent. The compositions are fabricated via melt extrusion compounding pursued by injection hot molding. The tests of the prepared compositions are carried out for, water absorption, thickness swelling, surface properties at a nano-scale and interfaced morphology. Comparative study of WPCs composition has done on respective properties. All processing variable conditions are constant for different compositions. The recycled PP based wood composites with or without the coupling agent possessed superior properties in comparison to virgin PP based composites. FESEM images show that coupled composite is having the better bonding strength and smoothness along with a higher dimensional stability in comparison to none coupled composite. Future endeavor should be focused on optimizing the composition of reinforcement wood and recycled plastics matrix according to intended application. The quality of WPCs can also be improved with the co-ordination of latest development in technology and processing technique relevant to them. WPCs study supports “turning waste into something useful”. This provides the mileage in price performance ratio and also the product’s environmental footprints to be adjusted to suit the products application.

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