Assessment of moisture barrier, mechanical, and thermal property of base/nanophased carbon-epoxy composites in seawater

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832095348
Author(s):  
Kazi Al Imran ◽  
Mohammad Kamal Hossain ◽  
Mahesh Hosur ◽  
Shaik Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Moisture Barrier ◽  
The Matrix

Polymeric composites absorb moisture by quick surface absorption followed by slow diffusion through the matrix in humid environment. Moisture absorption damages the matrix and interface of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites and consequently, weakens their mechanical and thermal properties. Effects of seawater on mechanical and thermal behavior of base and nanophased carbon fiber reinforced epoxy polymer (CFRP) composites were investigated in this study. It was observed that moisture barrier property of carbon/epoxy composites can be improved by adding a small amount (1 to 3% by weight) of nanoclay as filler. Base and nanophased carbon/epoxy composite panels were fabricated by the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process and samples were prepared from these panels for mechanical and thermal testing according to ASTM standards. Some of these samples were exposed to seawater for 180 days. Moisture intake by the samples was measured every 10 days for 90 days by which time samples reached a saturated state. Mechanical and thermal behavior of base and nanoclay-infused carbon/epoxy composites with exposure to seawater for 180 days were compared with those with no exposure to seawater for 180 days. Mechanical characterization was performed by compression test. Thermal characterizations were carried out by dynamic mechanical analysis, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and thermo-mechanical analysis tests. Results showed that the 2 wt% nanoclay loading is optimum in terms of moisture barrier capability, compression, and thermal properties. After 90-day exposure to seawater, the 2 wt% nanophased composite absorbed 0.39% moisture compared to 0.67% moisture absorption by the base carbon/epoxy composite. Compressive strength and modulus were decreased by 8.20% and 7.11% respectively, for 2 wt% nanophased composites submerged in seawater for 180 days compared with identical samples with no exposure to seawater. Corresponding data from thermal characterization tests indicate storage modulus and glass transition temperature to be 6.59% and 6.1 °C lower respectively, and the coefficient of thermal expansion to be increased by about 6% for the 2 wt% conditioned sample. SEM study revealed that the nanophased composites exhibited a better bonding between the fiber and matrix compared to the base one even after exposure in the seawater. It is concluded that the excellent barrier capacity, higher surface area, and high aspect ratio of nanoclay are responsible for enhanced durability of the nanophased carbon/epoxy composite in seawater compared to the base one in the same condition.

Experimental Investigation of Thermal Properties of Hybrid Glass Fiber-Sisal Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Palanikumar ◽  
J. M. Prabhudass ◽  
Ashwin Sailesh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Composite materials are preferred in all engineering applications, because of their superior properties over the traditional materials. Among composite materials, Natural fiber reinforced polymer finds rapid development in industrial applications and many areas of research. In this paper, thermal properties of Sisal-Glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites are studied to assess the influence of different fiber orientation. Thermal properties of the composite are analyzed using Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) to investigate the influence of change in fiber orientation.

scholarly journals Studies on Water Sorption Behaviour of Laminated Bamboo Polymer Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 01040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuniar Ratna Pratiwi ◽  
Indah Widiastuti ◽  
Budi Harjanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Laminated Bamboo ◽  
The Matrix

The aim of this article is to evaluate water absorption in bamboo fiber composites. Bamboo is hydrophilic, means that it easily absorbs water. In this study the bamboo fiber-based composites were developed using hand lay up method, with epoxy resin as the matrix constituent. Water absorption characteristics of specimens of bamboo composite and epoxy were determined from water immersion tests at several temperatures. Gravimetric analysis was performed to determine the moisure absorbed as a function of time at two different temperatures: 25 ºC and 50 C. The diffusivity of water in an epoxy bamboo composite was determined after reaching saturation point. During room temperature soaking, epoxy specimen showed the characteristic of Fickian behavior. Similar immersion tests on bamboo-epoxy composites followed nonfickian behavior. Changes in the mechanical properties of material due to water absorption were evaluated from tensile testing on materials with varied water content. It was found that the waterabsorption in all samples reduced the tensile properties. The degradation of tensile properties was greater with an increasing temperature of immersion. The results of this study emphasize the importance ofconsidering deterioration of mechanical properties in the bamboo epoxy composites during their application in water and possibly in humid environment.

Influence of fiber surface treatments on physico-mechanical behaviour of jute/epoxy composites impregnated with aluminium oxide filler

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (28) ◽  
pp. 3909-3922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadarshi Tapas Ranjan Swain ◽  
Sandhyarani Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Benzoyl Chloride ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Aluminium Oxide ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Chemically Treated

The present paper discovers the effect of ceramic filler inclusion on physico-mechanical and water absorption behaviour of untreated and chemically treated (alkali and benzoyl chloride treated) bi-directional jute natural-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. In practice, the major drawbacks of using natural fibers are their high degree of moisture absorption and poor dimensional stability. Currently, chemical treatments are able to induce fiber modifications that increase their resistance when utilized in composite products. Jute fibers were subjected to various chemical modifications to improve the interfacial bonding with the matrix. In this study, an analysis has been carried out to make pre-treated jute fiber (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%) and different filler content (5 and 10 wt.%) with epoxy-based composites. A comparative study of all the untreated jute/aluminium oxide based hybrid composites with chemically treated jute/aluminium oxide based hybrid composites was carried out. The investigational result reveals that chemically treated composites considerably improved the mechanical properties of the composite. The maximum water absorption resistance and strength properties were found with benzoyl chloride-treated fiber-reinforced composite. Lastly, the surface morphology of fractured surfaces after tensile and flexural testing is studied using scanning electron microscope.

Study on the Properties of Blends between Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber and Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene or Poly(Styrene-co-Acrylonitrile)

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Wuttison Yasinee ◽  
Thongyai Supakanok ◽  
Wacharawichanant Sirirat ◽  
Piyasan Praserthdam
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Binary Polymer ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) or nitrile rubber is an unsaturated copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile. NBR has been widely used for fuel hoses, seals and gaskets due to its excellent oil and fuel resistance. Aiming to develop NBR which has resistance to oxygenated solvent, NBR with acrylonitrile content of 34 wt%, was blended with Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and Poly (Styrene-co-Acrylonitrile) (SAN) as binary polymer systems. The NBR/ABS and SAN blends were prepared by mechanical blending in the composition of 80/20, 70/30 and 60/40 w/w. The effects of ABS or SAN content on mechanical, morphological and thermal properties were investigated and compared with commercials NBR. Mechanical properties were determined using the tensile testing machine. The morphologies of polymer blends were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The thermal properties were examined using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It has been found that percent compatibility of ABS and SAN into NBR rich phase are 2.69 and 1.53 wt% respectively.

Study on the thermal stability of Controlled Permeability Formwork

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1426-1429
Author(s):  
Xiao Meng Guo ◽  
Jian Qiang Li ◽  
Xian Sen Zeng ◽  
De Dao Hong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this study, the thermal properties of a kind of new geotextile materials, so called controlled permeable formwork (CPF), were studied. Thermo-gravimetric analysis showed that the weight of CPF didn’t change much between 0~350 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the storage modulus of CPF reduced from 25 MPa to around 10 MPa when the temperature rose to above 100 °C. The strength of sample decreased slightly with the increase of the temperature. The breaking elongation changed slightly with a maximum at 80 °C. The CPF showed excellent thermal stability and was suitable for general use in construction work.

scholarly journals Effect of fiber content and their hybridization on bending and torsional strength of hybrid epoxy composites reinforced with carbon and sugar palm fibers

Polimery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Z. Nik Baihaqi ◽  
A. Khalina ◽  
N. Mohd Nurazzi ◽  
H. A. Aisyah ◽  
S. M. Sapuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Torsion Test ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

This study aims to investigate the effect of fiber hybridization of sugar palm yarn fiber with carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. In this work, sugar palm yarn composites were reinforced with epoxy at varying fiber loads of 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt % using the hand lay-up process. The hybrid composites were fabricated from two types of fabric: sugar palm yarn of 250 tex and carbon fiber as the reinforcements, and epoxy resin as the matrix. The ratios of 85 : 15 and 80 : 20 were selected for the ratio between the matrix and reinforcement in the hybrid composite. The ratios of 50 : 50 and 60 : 40 were selected for the ratio between sugar palm yarn and carbon fiber. The mechanical properties of the composites were characterized according to the flexural test (ASTM D790) and torsion test (ASTM D5279). It was found that the increasing flexural and torsion properties of the non-hybrid composite at fiber loading of 15 wt % were 7.40% and 75.61%, respectively, compared to other fiber loading composites. For hybrid composites, the experimental results reveal that the highest flexural and torsion properties were achieved at the ratio of 85/15 reinforcement and 60/40 for the fiber ratio of hybrid sugar palm yarn/carbon fiber-reinforced composites. The results from this study suggest that the hybrid composite has a better performance regarding both flexural and torsion properties. The different ratio between matrix and reinforcement has a significant effect on the performance of sugar palm composites. It can be concluded that this type of composite can be utilized for beam, construction applications, and automotive components that demand high flexural strength and high torsional forces.

scholarly journals Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Banana and Palmyra Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Vennapusa Vijaya Bhaskar ◽  
Kolla Srinivas ◽  
Devireddy Siva Bhaskara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Interfacial Analysis ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractThe present work addresses the physical and mechanical properties of banana and palmyra fiber reinforced epoxy composites with the aim of study on the effect of weight ratio and fiber percentage. The banana and palmyra fibers were arranged with different weight ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) and then mixed with the epoxy matrix by hand lay-up technique to prepare the hybrid composites with various fiber percentages (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The properties are measured by testing its density, water absorption, tensile strength, impact strength, hardness and flexural strength and compared. From the results, it was indicated that addition of banana and palmyra fiber in to the matrix material up to 30% by fiber percentage results in increasing the mechanical properties and slightly variation with weight ratios. Interfacial analysis of the hybrid composites were also observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to study the internal failures and micro structure of the tested specimen.

scholarly journals Thermal Properties of Sago Fiber-Epoxy Composite

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widayani Sutrisno ◽  
Mitra Rahayu ◽  
Damar Rastri Adhika
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Peak Point ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Materials Used

The aim of this study is to analyze the thermal properties of sago fiber-epoxy composite. The sago fiber-based composite has been prepared using epoxy resin as the matrix, via a simple mixing followed by compression. The compression process includes hot compression (100 °C/10 kgf cm−2) and cold compression (ambient/10 kgf cm−2). The composite series was prepared with 9%, 13%, 17%, 20%, and 23% (w/w) of epoxy resin. Microstructures of all materials used were observed using an SEM (scanning electron microscope) instrument. The thermal properties of the composite and its components were examined through TG/DTA characterization. The samples were heated using the heating rate of 10 °C/min from room temperature to 400 °C, except for epoxy resin, which was heated to 530 °C. TG/DTA results depict three stages of thermal processes of sago fiber-epoxy composite: evaporation of water molecules at below 100 °C with the peak point within the range of 51.3 and 57.3 °C, the damage of sago fiber within the range of 275 and 370 °C with the peak point within the range of 333.3 and 341.3 °C and the damage of epoxy resin at above 350 °C with the peak point at 376.2 °C.

Performance Improvement of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite Sports Equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Yang ◽  
Fan Gu ◽  
Xin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Pole Vault ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Positive Effect

This study is to explore the changes in the performance of sports equipment under the action of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. This paper studies the effects of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites in pole vault, bicycle, and tennis. The research results show that the performance of sports equipment based on carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials has been greatly improved, with outstanding effects in terms of thermal properties, interface properties, mechanical properties, and fatigue resistance. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite material damage expansion is divided into five stages: matrix cracking, interfacial degumming, delamination, fiber fracture, fracture. Therefore, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials are comprehensive for the improvement of sports equipment, which has greatly promoted the further development of sports. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials can be promoted in other fields, thereby obtaining greater progress with help of high technology. The study of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites in this paper has a positive effect on subsequent research.

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