Use of a chain extender as a dispersing agent of the CaCO3 into PBAT matrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1373-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilene de CD Nunes ◽  
Alana G de Souza ◽  
Derval dos S Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Chain Extender ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽  
Calorimetric Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
A Chain ◽  
C Nmr

This paper investigates the effect of the incorporation of chain extender on the poly(butylene adipate -co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and their mixture with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) composites. Chain extender (ADR) was used to enhance the compatibility between PBAT and CaCO3, which have poor interfacial adhesion. Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PBAT, PBAT/chain extender, and their composites were studied. The incorporation of the chain extender enhanced Young’s modulus and elongation at break of the neat PBAT, which is an indicator of the interaction between both materials. These results were confirmed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR (proton – hydrogen and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, respectively). The chain extender acted by dispersing the CaCO3 particles; however, with an increase in the filler content, there is a decrease in the mechanical properties. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that chain extender has no influence on neat PBAT thermal behavior and their composites containing CaCO3. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis showed a decrease in crystallinity values of the PBAT and its composites, which is due to the physical impediment in the organization of polymer chains. Photomicrographs, obtained by scanning electron microscopy, showed that chain extender does not influence PBAT morphology. However, in the composites, chain extender enhanced the dispersion on CaCO3 particles.

Synthesis, Generic Dyeing of Nindigo Derivatives on Unmodified Polypropylene; First Time Application in Dyeing Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 7105-7111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Penthala ◽  
Rangaraju Satish Kumar ◽  
Hyorim Kim ◽  
Gisu Heo ◽  
Young-A Son
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Substituted Anilines ◽  
Simple Route ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
First Time ◽  
C Nmr

Hydrophobic nindigo dyes were designed and successfully synthesized from indigo by reacting with substituted anilines in a simple route. Four nindigo dyes were fruitfully analyzed by 1H NMR 13C NMR, electronic and mass spectrometry. Here, we have firstly introduced these nindigo dyes into dyeing area for the dyeing of unmodified polypropylene fiber in aqueous medium. Dyeing experiments has been performed by using didodecyldimethylammonium bromide dispersing agent to make dye-dispersant complex for enhancing the dispersion of dyes. All the dyes were displayed profound blue color hue on polypropylene. The dyeing efficiency and dye fixation order of the nindigo dyes are 3d > 3c ≥ 3b > 3a. Compound 3d having higher the hydrophobic character (logP ═ 7.04), so greater the dye ability on the polypropylene fiber and exhibiting deep coloration.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(urethane urea) Nanocomposites Prepared with Diamine-Modified Laponite

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe-Lahai Sormana ◽  
Santanu Chattopadhyay ◽  
J. Carson Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Hard Domain ◽  
A Chain

Nanocomposites based on segmented poly(urethane urea) were prepared by reacting a poly(diisocyanate) with diamine-modified Laponite-RD nanoparticles that served as a chain extender. The nanocomposites were prepared at a constantNH2to NCO mole ratio of 0.95, while varying the fraction of diamine-modified Laponite relative to the free diamine chain extender. Compared to neat poly(urethane urea), all nanocomposites showed increased tensile strength and elongation at break. As Laponite loading increased, tensile properties passed through a maximum at a particle concentration of 1 mass%, at which a 300% increase in tensile strength and 40% increase in elongation at break were observed. A maximum in urea and urethane hard-domain melting endotherms was also observed at this Laponite loading. Optimal mechanical and thermal properties coincided with a minimum in the size of the inorganic Laponite phase. Nanocomposites containing diamine-modified Laponite had higher tensile strengths than those with nonreactive monoamine-modified Laponite or diamine-modified Cloisite.

(3E)-5-Hydroxy-3-[5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-ylmethylene]-1-benzofuran-2(3H)-one

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. o4354-o4354
Author(s):  
Hong-Yan Ma ◽  
Ji Shi ◽  
Chang-Hong Wang ◽  
Zheng-Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Furan Ring ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Relative Configuration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Compound C ◽  
A Chain ◽  
C Nmr

The title compound, C14H10O5, was isolated from Senecio cannabifolius Less var. integrifolius aqueous extract. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, including MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and the relative configuration was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The benzofuran ring is almost coplanar with the furan ring [dihedral angle = 10.47 (15)°]. A chain is formed through supramolecular R 2 2(10) synthons and three-centre hydrogen bonds.

Synthesis and characterization of silver(I) complexes of thioureas and thiocyanate: crystal structure of polymeric (1,3-diazinane-2-thione)thiocyanato silver(I)

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nawaz Tahir ◽  
Anvarhusein A. Isab ◽  
Fozia Afzal ◽  
Kashif Raza ◽  
Shah Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nmr Spectrum ◽  
Coordination Environment ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ir And Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Distorted Tetrahedral Coordination ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractSilver(I) complexes of thioureas and thiocyanate, [(Tu)AgSCN], [(Metu)AgSCN], [(Dmtu)AgSCN], [(Tmtu)(AgSCN)1.5], [(Imt)AgSCN], and [(Diaz)AgSCN] (where Tu = thiourea, Metu = N-methylthiourea, Dmtu = N,N′-dimethylthiourea, Tmtu = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylthiourea, Imt = 1,3-imidazolidine-2-thione, and Diaz = 1,3-diazinane-2-thione), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. The crystal structure of one of them, [(Diaz)Ag(SCN)] (1), was determined by X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure of 1 shows that the complex exists in the form of a chain-like polymer comprising [Ag(μ2-Diaz)(μ2-SCN)] units. The silver atoms are bridged by μ2-thione sulfur atoms of Diaz and μ2-thiocyanate sulfur atoms. Thereby each silver atom adopts a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment comprising four sulfur atoms, two from thione and two from thiocyanate ligands. An upfield shift in the >C=S resonance of thiones in 13C NMR and a downfield shift in the N–H resonance in 1H NMR are consistent with the sulfur coordination to silver(I). The appearance of a band around 2100 cm–1 in the IR and a resonance around 125 ppm in the 13C NMR spectrum indicates the binding of thiocyanate to silver(I).

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of New Heterocyclic Liquid Crystals

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 928-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Srividhya ◽  
S. Manjunathan ◽  
S. Thirumaran
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Triazole Ring ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽  
Spectral Techniques ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Methylene Chain ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
C Nmr

This investigation enumerates the synthesis and mesomorphic properties of 1,2,3-triazole containing azobenzene liquid crystals. In these liquid crystals the methylene chain length at non polar end was varied from six to ten carbons to investigate the association properties of non polar chain on the melt. The compound was designed to have a polar ether chain at the other side of the molecule adjacent to the triazole ring and synthesized to enhance the dipolar interactions. These alterations in chemical structure produce two series of new liquid crystalline compounds with each series containing five variations in the methylene chain. The structure of the target compounds and the intermediates were confirmed by the1H NMR,13C NMR and IR spectral techniques. Polarized microscopic studies revealed that all the compounds in the series exhibited enantiotropic liquid crystalline properties. This was further confirmed using differential scanning calorimetric experiments. The energy minimized structure supports the mesogenic behavior of the structure.

A biodegradable copolymer from coupling poly(pdioxanone) with poly(ethylene succinate) via toluene-2,4- diisocyanate

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Li Wang ◽  
Si-Chong Chen ◽  
Yu-Hua Zhang ◽  
Ke-Ke Yang ◽  
Yu-Zhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Degradation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Melting Temperatures ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
A Chain

AbstractPoly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO) and poly(ethylene succinate) (PES) prepolymers were reacted together using toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) as a chain extender to produce high molecular weight of chain-extended products of PPDO and PES (PPDOES) in a suitable reaction condition. The novel biodegradable polymers were characterized by 1H-NMR, DSC, POM and WAXD. DSC measurement shows that PPDOES has only one Tg, which means that PPDO has good compatibility with PES. Beside this, the glass transition temperatures and the melting temperatures of PPDOES increased with the increase of PES content. The crystallization rate of PPDOES was slower than that of PPDO as confirmed by DSC and POM. The diffraction peaks of PPDOES appear at the same 2θ angles as that of homopolymers, suggesting that PPDO and PES segment of the chainextended products reserve their own crystallization form. The results of thermal oxidative degradation show that chain-extended products have better thermal stability than PPDO.

Processing and characterization of poly(lactic acid) blended with polycarbonate and chain extender

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 665-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yottha Srithep ◽  
Wuttipong Rungseesantivanon ◽  
Bongkot Hararak ◽  
Krisda Suchiva
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Chain Extension ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
A Chain

Abstract Currently, use of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is limited for commercial applications because it has a low heat resistance. In this research, an increase of over 40°C heat distortion temperature (HDT) of PLA alloy was obtained by blending PLA with polycarbonate (PC) and a chain extender (CE). Molecular weight, thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of PLA and PC blend with different CE contents were investigated. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) results showed that some PLA-PC copolymers were produced and the compatibility of the PLA phase and in the PC phase was improved via the chain extension reaction. In addition, the reaction induced by CE also affected the crystallization behaviors of PLA, as observed from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results and the enthalpy of melting of PLA decreased with increasing CE content. The combined effects of the CE increasing molecular weight, improving compatibility and limiting the crystallization behavior of PLA/PC alloy greatly improved the HDT.

scholarly journals Preparation of Nanocomposite Based on Exfoliation of Montmorillonite in Acrylamide Thermosensitive Polymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Zabarjad Shiraz ◽  
Elham Enferad ◽  
Aazam Monfared ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mojarrad
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermosensitive Polymer ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
C Nmr

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) was synthesized in the presence of AIBN as radical initiator. The structure of polymer was elucidated using IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies and TGA thermogram. Exfoliated nanocomposite based on thermosensitive polymer (PNIPAM) was prepared utilizing montmorillonite (MMT) by solution blending. Its dispersion characteristics were investigated using SEM, X-ray diffraction, and particle size analysis. XRD showed exfoliation of MMT in polymer matrix above lower critical solution temperature (LCST). SEM indicated that polymer chains were dispersed among the layers of MMT. Particle size analysis showed two distinctive regions at 311 (31/5%) and 1160 (68/5%) nm.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrospinning of a Functionalizable, Polycaprolactone-Based Polyurethane for Soft Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1527
Author(s):  
Jin-Jia Hu ◽  
Chia-Chi Liu ◽  
Chih-Hsun Lin ◽  
Ho-Yi Tuan-Mu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Initial Modulus ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Soft Tissue Engineering ◽  
A Chain

We synthesized a biodegradable, elastomeric, and functionalizable polyurethane (PU) that can be electrospun for use as a scaffold in soft tissue engineering. The PU was synthesized from polycaprolactone diol, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) chain extender using two-step polymerization and designated as PU-DMPA. A control PU using 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO) as a chain extender was synthesized similarly and designated as PU-BDO. The chemical structure of the two PUs was verified by FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The PU-DMPA had a lower molecular weight than the PU-BDO (~16,700 Da vs. ~78,600 Da). The melting enthalpy of the PU-DMPA was greater than that of the PU-BDO. Both the PUs exhibited elastomeric behaviors with a comparable elongation at break (λ=L/L0= 13.2). The PU-DMPA had a higher initial modulus (19.8 MPa vs. 8.7 MPa) and a lower linear modulus (0.7 MPa vs. 1.2 MPa) and ultimate strength (9.5 MPa vs. 13.8 MPa) than the PU-BDO. The PU-DMPA had better hydrophilicity than the PU-BDO. Both the PUs displayed no cytotoxicity, although the adhesion of human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells on the PU-DMPA surface was better. Bead free electrospun PU-DMPA membranes with a narrow fiber diameter distribution were successfully fabricated. As a demonstration of its functionalizability, gelatin was conjugated to the electrospun PU-DMPA membrane using carbodiimide chemistry. Moreover, hyaluronic acid was immobilized on the amino-functionalized PU-DMPA. In conclusion, the PU-DMPA has the potential to be used as a scaffold material for soft tissue engineering.

Conformational structure of ethylene glycol dibenzoate. Vibrational and NMR spectra

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1913-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdan Schneider ◽  
Pavel Sedláček ◽  
Jan Štokr ◽  
Danica Doskočilová ◽  
Jan Lövy
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Vibrational Spectra ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Conformational Structure ◽  
Infrared And Raman Spectra ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Liquid States ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
C Nmr

It was found that three crystalline forms of ethylene glycol dibenzoate can be prepared. Infrared and Raman spectra of these three forms, as well as of the glassy and liquid states, were measured. From 3JHH coupling constants obtained by analysis of the 13C satellite band of the -CH2- group in 1H NMR spectra, and from the 3JCH coupling constants of the -CO.O.CH2- fragment obtained by analysis of the carbonyl band in 13C NMR spectra it was found that in the liquid state the -CH2-CH2- group exists predominantly in the gauche conformational structure, and the bonds C-O-C-C assume predominantly a trans orientation. The results of the analysis of NMR and vibrational spectra were used for the structural interpretation of conformationally sensitive bands in vibrational spectra of ethylene glycol dibenzoate.

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