Porosity analysis of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer laminates manufactured using automated fibre placement

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Oromiehie ◽  
Ulf Garbe ◽  
B Gangadhara Prusty
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Tomographic Reconstruction ◽  
Neutron Imaging ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Porosity Analysis

Automated fibre placement-based manufacturing technology is increasingly being used in several engineering applications. Manufacture of carbon fibre-reinforced plastic’s small/large structures have been made possible due to its remarkable capabilities like productivity and accuracy. Nevertheless, making high-quality composite laminate using automated fibre placement relies on the proper selection of critical processing variables to avoid internal flaws during the fibre placement process. Consequently, a reliable non-destructive inspection technique is required for quality assurance and structural integrity of fabricated laminates. Neutron radiography/tomography offers unique imaging capabilities over a wide range of applications including fibre-reinforced polymer composites. The application of this technique towards tomographic reconstruction of automated fibre placement-made thermoplastic composites is presented in this paper. It is shown that the porosity analysis using neutron imaging technique provides reliable information. Additionally, using such technique valuable data regarding the size and the location of the voids in the laminate can be acquired and informed. This will assist the composite structural analysts and designers to select the appropriate processing parameters towards a defect free automated fibre placement part manufacture.

scholarly journals A Study to Investigate the Mechanical Properties of Recycled Carbon Fibre/Glass Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy Composites Using a Novel Thermal Recycling Process

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Sankar Karuppannan Gopalraj ◽  
Timo Kärki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Epoxy Resin System ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fibre Reinforced ◽  
Recycled Fibres

Manufacturing-based carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) wastes (pre-consumer waste) were recycled to recover valuable carbon fibres (CFs) and glass fibres (GFs), utilising a novel thermal recycling process with a cone calorimeter setup. The ideal conditions to recycle both the fibres occurred at 550 °C in atmospheric pressure. The processing time in the batch reactor to recycle CFs was 20–25 min, and to recycle GFs it was 25–30 min. The recovery rate of the recycled CFs was 95–98 wt%, and for GFs it was 80–82 wt%. Both the recycled fibres possessed a 100–110 mm average length. The resin phase elimination was verified by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the fibres were manually realigned, compression moulded at room temperature, and cured for 24 h by a laminating epoxy resin system. The newly manufactured CFRP and GFRP composites were continuous (uniform length from end to end), unidirectionally oriented (0°), and non-woven. The composites were produced in two fibre volumes: 40 wt% and 60 wt%. The addition of ≈20 wt% recycled CFs increased the tensile strength (TS) by 12%, young modulus (YM) by 34.27% and impact strength (IS) by 7.26%. The addition of ≈20 wt% recycled GFs increased the TS by 75.14%, YM by 12.23% and the IS by 116.16%. The closed-loop recycling approach demonstrated in this study can effectively recycle both CFRP and GFRP manufacturing wastes. Preserving the structural integrity of the recycled fibres could be an advantage, enabling recycling for a specified number of times.

scholarly journals Prediction of failure in notched carbon-fibre-reinforced-polymer laminates under multi-axial loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2071) ◽  
pp. 20150273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Y. Tan ◽  
V. S. Deshpande ◽  
N. A. Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Damage Evolution ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Failure Envelopes ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Polymer Laminates

A damage-based finite-element model is used to predict the fracture behaviour of centre-notched quasi-isotropic carbon-fibre-reinforced-polymer laminates under multi-axial loading. Damage within each ply is associated with fibre tension, fibre compression, matrix tension and matrix compression. Inter-ply delamination is modelled by cohesive interfaces using a traction-separation law. Failure envelopes for a notch and a circular hole are predicted for in-plane multi-axial loading and are in good agreement with the observed failure envelopes from a parallel experimental study. The ply-by-ply (and inter-ply) damage evolution and the critical mechanisms of ultimate failure also agree with the observed damage evolution. It is demonstrated that accurate predictions of notched compressive strength are obtained upon employing the band broadening stress for microbuckling, highlighting the importance of this damage mode in compression. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Multiscale modelling of the structural integrity of composite materials’.

scholarly journals Transient Behavior of CFRP Tensegrity System in a Suspen dome

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
IfeOlorun Olofin ◽  
Ronggui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Steel Cables

In order to establish a conclusive result for the application of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) cable as a tensegrity system for a suspen dome, the structural integrity assessment of the system, subjected to transient load, must be considered. This paper gives a preliminary assessment of the dynamic behavior of carbon fibre reinforced polymer cable in a suspen dome in comparison with that of the steel counterpart, using a small model of 4 m span and 0.4 m rise. A commercial finite element software namely ANSYS was used for the structure simulation in respect of the experimental design. The results from the simulation show that the carbon fibre reinforced polymer cable gives a reliable assessment as the steel counterpart. The natural frequencies of CFRP cables are higher than those of steel cables due to the CFRP cables’ high stiffness-to-weight ratio and less curvature under gravity loads. CFRP cables influence the structure with good stiffness which provides good vibration resistance. The results also indicate that from a technical point of view, carbon fibre reinforced polymer cables can perform better than steel cables as tensegrity system for a suspen dome. It is concluded that CFRP cables can be applied to replace steel ones as tensegrity system for a suspen dome.

Influence of Ply Stacking Sequences on the Impact Response of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Gjerrestad Andersen ◽  
Gbanaibolou Jombo ◽  
Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail ◽  
Segun Adeyemi ◽  
Rajini N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
The Impact
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