Flexural properties of notched carbon–aramid hybrid composite laminates

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (28-30) ◽  
pp. 4137-4148 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Sebaey ◽  
Ahmed Wagih
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Hybrid Laminates ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Hybrid composite laminates are currently receiving researchers’ attention due to their specific advantages in designing laminates with improved specific strength and stiffness. One of the main disadvantages of polymeric laminated composites is their high sensitivity to notches, which cannot be avoided in design. This paper presents a comparison between two common hybridization techniques, namely sandwich and intra-ply hybridization. The study adopts experimental observations to investigate the influence of hybridization method on the flexural properties of notched carbon–aramid hybrid laminates. After four-point bending tests, the results show that the damage nature in both laminates is different. A catastrophic damage is observed for intra-ply hybrid laminates, while sandwich laminates show progressive damage. In terms of the strength, sandwich specimens show 1.3 times higher specific strength, compared to intra-ply specimens. Moreover, the bottom layers of the laminate manufactured in the sandwich fashion show minimal damage due to the high capability of the aramid/epoxy core to absorb the energy in deformation and concentrate the damage at the top layers (the compression side).

The Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 1325-1329
Author(s):  
Ye Ran Zhu ◽  
Jun Cai ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Guo Hong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Flexural Toughness ◽  
Four Point Bending

This paper investigates the mechanical properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural toughness) of polypropylene fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (PFRSCC). The effect of the incorporation of polypropylene fiber on the mechanical properties of PFRSCC is determined. Four point bending tests on beam specimens were performed to evaluate the flexural properties of PFRSCC. Test results indicate that flexural toughness and ductility are remarkably improved by the addition of polypropylene fiber.

Modelling the Effect of Microstructural Randomness on the Fracture of Composite Laminates with Stochastic Cohesive Zone Elements

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Zahid R. Khokhar ◽  
Ian A. Ashcroft ◽  
Vadim V. Silberschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Cohesive Zone ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Laminated Composite Structures ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Cohesive Zone Elements

Fibre reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) are being increasingly used in structural applications where high specific strength and stiffness are required. The performance of FRPCs is affected by multi-mechanism damage evolution under loading which in turn is affected by microstructural stochasticity in the material. This means that the fracture of a FRPC is a stochastic process. However, to date most analyses of these materials have treated them in a deterministic way. In this paper the effect of stochasticity in FRPCs is investigated through the application of cohesive zone elements in which random properties are introduced. These may be termed ‘stochastic cohesive zone elements’ and are used in this paper to investigate the effect of microstructural randomness on the fracture behaviour of cross-ply laminate specimens loaded in tension. It is seen from this investigation that microstructure can significantly affect the macroscopic response of FRPC’s, emphasizing the need to account for microstructural randomness in order to make accurate prediction of the performance of laminated composite structures.

Strain rate-dependent characterization of carbon fibre-reinforced composite laminates using four-point bending tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
JF Rojas-Sanchez ◽  
T Schmack ◽  
B Boesl ◽  
R Bjekovic ◽  
F Walther
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics

This research addresses the problem of accurately quantifying the strain rate effect of carbon fibre-reinforced plastics by proposing a method with a simple specimen manufacturing and experiment execution based on four-point bending tests. By easing the strain rate-dependent characterization of carbon fibre-reinforced plastics, less conservative designs can be achieved. The method proposed uses Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko’s beam theories to obtain the longitudinal compressive and tensile modulus, compressive strength, shear modulus, and shear yielding point. Transverse properties could not be obtained due to limitations of the fixture employed. A strain-dependent material characterization was done using the proposed method and compared to the characterization of the same material using traditional uniaxial tests. Most of the material properties obtained with different methods correlated within approximately 10%. More work needs to be done to determine how this discrepancy affects simulation results.

Mechanical and Fracture Mechanical Properties of Matrix-Reinforced Carbon Fiber Composites with Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 615-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Sinn ◽  
Gerald Singer ◽  
Leo Jocher ◽  
Miriam M. Unterlass ◽  
Harald Rennhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Carbon fiber reinforced Plastics are materials with high strength and stiffness at low weight compared to metals. These properties make the materials ideal candidate for structures in aerospace applications, where they are often used under bending conditions. Due to the strongly anisotropic composition the CFRP typically fail in compression by fiber buckling. In order to improve this weakness, nanotube and nanofiber reinforced matrix was used to build CFRP. Four-point bending tests showed that stiffness and strength could be improved by the fillers, whereas negative influence was found on fracture energy.

Damage Development in Hybrid Composite Laminates under Three-Point Bending at Cryogenic Temperatures

2010 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 565-568
Author(s):  
Masaya Miura ◽  
Yasuhide Shindo ◽  
Tomo Takeda ◽  
Fumio Narita
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Cryogenic Temperatures ◽  
Damage Development ◽  
Hybrid Laminates ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Woven Glass Fiber

This paper studies the damage behavior and interlaminar shear properties of hybrid composite laminates subjected to bending at cryogenic temperatures. Cryogenic short beam shear tests were performed on hybrid laminates combining woven glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites with polyimide films, and microscopic observations of the specimens were made after the tests. A progressive damage analysis was also conducted to simulate the initiation and growth of damage in the specimens and to determine the interlaminar shear strength based on the maximum shear stress in the failure region. The predicted load-deflection curve and damage pattern show good agreement with the test results, and the numerically determined interlaminar shear strength is higher than the apparent interlaminar shear strength.

Interface Characterization of Hybrid Composite Extrusions

2015 ◽  
Vol 825-826 ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Andreas Reeb ◽  
Volker Schulze ◽  
Kay André Weidenmann
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Light Metal ◽  
Interface Properties ◽  
Composite Wire ◽  
Ceramic Fibers ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Through the development of new metal matrix composites, the specific strength and stiffness can be increased above the level of conventional light metal alloys and increase their potential for lightweight applications. The composite extrusion process is a promising manufacturing method for reinforced light metal extrusions. Particularly, the reinforcement with ceramic fibers can increase both the specific strength and stiffness which are essential for lightweight purposes. To exploit the full potential of the reinforcement, the interface of this MMC has to be optimized regarding the load transfer between matrix and fiber and therefore has to offer a strong bonding. In this contribution a hybrid composite is produced by using an Al2O3-fiber/AlMg0.2 composite wire which is embedded in an EN AW-6082 extrusion profile. Both the characterization of the interface and determination of the influence of processing and heat treatment are presented. For that purpose, the composites are characterized qualitatively by metallographic analysis and quantitatively by micro push-out testing of the ceramic fibers prior and after composite extrusion. To investigate the influence of additional heat treatment the state as fabricated, which equals a T4 state of the matrix material, as well as a T6 state with additional solution annealing and artificial ageing are compared. It was found that the extrusion process has a beneficial influence on the microstructure and the mechanical interface properties and therefore confirms applicability of composite extrusion for manufacturing of alumina reinforced profiles. The heat treatment however showed no significant influence on the embedded composite wire and its interface properties.

Experimental Investigation on Static Mechanical Properties of Glass/Carbon Hybrid Woven Fabric Composite Laminates

2014 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Murugan ◽  
R. Ramesh ◽  
K. Padmanabhan ◽  
R. Jeyaraam ◽  
S. Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Glass Carbon ◽  
Hybrid Laminates ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Aircraft Application

Woven fabric reinforced polymeric composites are increasingly used in automotive and aircraft application in place of conventional metals due to their high specific strength. However in actual practice while using glass fabric layers, the large nominal size of the component was required and which facilitates increased total weight of the component. In the present investigation, glass laminate is modified and strengthened by interplying high modulus carbon fiber plies for attaining good strength to weight ratio. All laminates were fabricated using hand layup method. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strengths of dedicated and hybrid laminates were evaluated and reported.

EFFECT OF HYBRIDIZATION ON OPEN-HOLE TENSION PROPERTIES OF WOVEN KEVLAR/GLASS FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITE LAMINATES

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazean Shaari ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Shahrul Azam Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Zariff Hadderi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Hybrid laminates consisting of woven Kevlar/glass fiber composite plies were studied in terms of their residual tensile strength, stiffness and fracture surface.  Residual tensile strength and stiffness were determined from the open hole tension test according to ASTM D5766. The laminates of Kevlar fiber reinforced polymer (KFRP), glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and hybrid of Kevlar-glass fiber reinforced polymer (KGFRP) were fabricated using a vacuum bagging process. Three different ratios of Kevlar to glass fiber plies were prepared in this study which were 20:80, 50:50, and 80:20. Results showed that hybrid laminate consisting of 80:20 Kevlar to glass fiber plies, produced higher residual tensile strength and stiffness when compared to the other hybrid system. Furthermore, strength and stiffness of hole specimens were reduced within 50-63% when compared to unhole specimens due to existence of the hole. In addition, the effect of adding nanosilica to the hybrid system was also studied. 5 wt% of nanosilica was added to the hybrid composite laminates and results showed that higher tensile strength and stiffness was observed in GFRP and 20:80 KGFRP specimens, while the tensile strength was decreased with an increased number of Kevlar fiber. This research was conducted as there are limited number of studies that have been done on the tensile strength of woven hybrid composite laminates so far, especially on hybridization of Kevlar and glass fiber with consideration on the effect of hole and addition of nanofillers.

Determination of flexural properties of hybrid composite using Cowper-Symonds rate-dependent material model

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110386
Author(s):  
Engin Erbayrak
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Flexural Properties ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

This study addressed to determine the flexural properties of hybrid composite laminates (HCAFRE) under the strain rate sensitivity. The hybrid composite laminate was formed as consecutive stacking of a sequence of plain woven carbon fiber reinforced epoxy (CFRE) and a plain-woven aramid fiber reinforced epoxy (AFRE) laminates. The flexural tests were carried out at four different strain rates (0.01, 0.11, 0.55, 1.1 s−1) to determine the strain rate sensitivity of the HCAFRE. Moreover, the strain rate sensitivity of CFRE and AFRE was also determined individually. The effect of different fiber orientations (0°, 45°, and 90°) on the flexural properties of the composite laminates were also investigated at the scope of this study. In numerical analysis, composite laminates (CFRE, AFRE, and HCAFRE) were constituted in LS-DYNA finite element program using the Cowper-Symonds material model (MAT 112) which includes strain rate dependency. Consequently, it was seen that the experimental and numerical results were indicated a similar tendency to each other. Therefore, it was understood that the Cowper-Symonds material model is suited for the flexural behavior model of composite laminates under different strain rates.

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