Failure of Frontolimbic Inhibitory Function in the Context of Negative Emotion in Borderline Personality Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Silbersweig ◽  
John F. Clarkin ◽  
Martin Goldstein ◽  
Otto F. Kernberg ◽  
Oliver Tuescher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Inhibitory Function

Failure of Frontolimbic Inhibitory Function in the Context of Negative Emotion in Borderline Personality Disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 164 (12) ◽  
pp. 1832-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Silbersweig ◽  
J. F Clarkin ◽  
M. Goldstein ◽  
O. F. Kernberg ◽  
O. Tuescher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Inhibitory Function

scholarly journals Emotional responses to a negative emotion induction procedure in Borderline Personality Disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Feliu-Soler ◽  
Juan Carlos Pascual ◽  
Joaquim Soler ◽  
Víctor Pérez ◽  
Antonio Armario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotion Induction ◽  
Induction Procedure

The Influence of Emotional State on Learning From Reward and Punishment in Borderline Personality Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Dixon-Gordon ◽  
Matthew T. Tull ◽  
Leor M. Hackel ◽  
Kim L. Gratz
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotion Induction ◽  
Before And After

Despite preliminary evidence that individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) demonstrate deficits in learning from corrective feedback, no studies have examined the influence of emotional state on these learning deficits in BPD. This laboratory study examined the influence of negative emotions on learning among participants with BPD (n = 17), compared with clinical (past-year mood/anxiety disorder; n = 20) and healthy (n = 23) controls. Participants completed a reinforcement learning task before and after a negative emotion induction. The learning task involved presenting pairs of stimuli with probabilistic feedback in the training phase, and subsequently assessing accuracy for choosing previously rewarded stimuli or avoiding previously punished stimuli. ANOVAs and ANCOVAs revealed no significant between-group differences in overall learning accuracy. However, there was an effect of group in the ANCOVA for postemotion induction high-conflict punishment learning accuracy, with the BPD group showing greater decrements in learning accuracy than controls following the negative emotion induction.

scholarly journals Cascades of Emotion: The Emergence of Borderline Personality Disorder from Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Selby ◽  
Thomas E. Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Behavioral Dysregulation ◽  
Therapeutic Traditions

Theories of borderline personality disorder (BPD) have often considered it a disorder involving both emotional and behavioral dysregulation ( Linehan, 1993 ), yet the connection between these phenomena has been elusive. The following paper proposes the Emotional Cascade Model, a model that attempts to establish a clear relationship between emotional dysregulation and the wide array of dysregulated behaviors found in BPD. In this model, subsequent to an emotional stimulus, ruminative processes result in a positive feedback loop that increases emotional intensity, and this emotional intensity leads to ensuing behavioral dysregulation. These behaviors then provide negative feedback, in the form of distraction, which induces temporary reduction of negative emotion and thus relief. The model is presented in a framework in which BPD is considered an emergent phenomenon ( Lewin, 1992 ), in which the disorder arises from the total interactions of a network containing emotional cascades and other important factors. The model is then evaluated in light of various theories and therapeutic traditions, including both cognitive–behavioral and psychodynamic, indicating that it is a model that may transcend traditional theoretical and therapeutic doctrines.

scholarly journals Mentalization and interpersonal problems in borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Melanie Adamsons
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Convenience Sample

Difficulties in mentalization may be a developmentally based foundation for interpersonal problems in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Fonagy and colleagues have developed a theoretical framework whereby relationships between difficulties in mentalization and other core characteristics of BPD (i.e., insecure attachment, intrapersonal emotion dysregulation and identity diffusion) may underlie interpersonal problems. However, most of the published work on these aspects of the framework have been theoretical in nature. The aim of the study was to investigate this framework and extend it by including interpersonal emotion dysregulation. Simple and multiple mediation analyses were performed with a convenience sample of 64 undergraduate students. Results indicated that hypomentalizing mediated the relationship between BPD symptoms and interpersonal problems. No significant mediators were found between insecure attachment and interpersonal problems or between mentalization errors and interpersonal problems. Limitations include the sample size and the lack of a negative emotion induction and recommendations for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals An fMRI study of cognitive reappraisal in major depressive disorder and borderline personality disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor De la Peña-Arteaga ◽  
Mercedes Berruga-Sánchez ◽  
Trevor Steward ◽  
Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín ◽  
Ximena Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Major Depressive

Abstract Background One common denominator to the clinical phenotypes of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is emotion regulation impairment. Although these two conditions have been extensively studied separately, it remains unclear whether their emotion regulation impairments are underpinned by shared or distinct neurobiological alterations. Methods We contrasted the neural correlates of negative emotion regulation across an adult sample of BPD patients (n = 19), MDD patients (n = 20), and healthy controls (HCs; n = 19). Emotion regulation was assessed using an established functional magnetic resonance imaging cognitive reappraisal paradigm. We assessed both task-related activations and modulations of interregional connectivity. Results When compared to HCs, patients with BPD and MDD displayed homologous decreased activation in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) during cognitive reappraisal. In addition, the MDD group presented decreased activations in other prefrontal areas (i.e., left dorsolateral and bilateral orbitofrontal cortices), while the BPD group was characterized by a more extended pattern of alteration in the connectivity between the vlPFC and cortices of the visual ventral stream during reappraisal. Conclusions This study identified, for the first time, a shared neurobiological contributor to emotion regulation deficits in MDD and BPD characterized by decreased vlPFC activity, although we also observed disorder-specific alterations. In MDD, results suggest a primary deficit in the strength of prefrontal activations, while BPD is better defined by connectivity disruptions between the vlPFC and temporal emotion processing regions. These findings substantiate, in neurobiological terms, the different profiles of emotion regulation alterations observed in these disorders.

scholarly journals Don't Make Me Angry: Frustration-Induced Anger and Its Link to Aggression in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Bertsch ◽  
Sarah Back ◽  
Aleya Flechsenhar ◽  
Corinne Neukel ◽  
Marlene Krauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction ◽  
Before And After

Aggression is a prominent interpersonal dysfunction of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). In BPD aggression is predominantly reactive in nature, often triggered by frustration, provocation, or social threat and is associated with intense anger and an inability to regulate this strong, negative emotion. Building on previous research, we were interested in investigating negative emotionality in general and anger in particular in women with BPD before and after frustration induction. To achieve this, 60 medication-free women with BPD and 32 healthy women rated the intensity of negative emotions (angry, frustrated, upset, embarrassed, nervous) before and after performing a Titrated Mirror Tracing Task, which reliably induces frustration and distress. As expected, women with BPD reported significantly greater intensity of negative emotions before and after frustration than healthy women. Specifically, they showed a significantly stronger frustration-induced increase in anger, while other negative emotions remained unaffected by frustration induction. This anger increase was significantly related to aggressive behavior reported in the 2 weeks prior to the experiment, as well as to the level of frustration experienced in the experiment itself, but not with emotion dysregulation. The current data confirm the important role of frustration-induced anger independent of emotion dysregulation in BPD, in particular with regard to aggression, a prominent interpersonal dysfunction of this disorder. These findings underline the importance of interventions with particular focus on anger.

scholarly journals The Modulating Role of Self-Referential Stimuli and Processes in the Effect of Stress and Negative Emotion on Inhibition Processes in Borderline Personality Disorder: Proposition of a Model to Integrate the Self-Concept and Inhibition Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Gagnon ◽  
Joséphine Aldebert ◽  
Gasser Saleh ◽  
Wan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Inhibition Performance

Impulsivity is an important clinical and diagnostic feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Even though it has been reported that BPD individuals’ inhibition performance is significantly reduced in the context of negative emotion or stress, this literature shows mixed results, raising questions about the possible role played by other factors. Winter (2016) proposed that negative emotion stimuli can be more disruptive for BPD individuals’ attention control performance because they induce higher distractibility self-referential processes. This article aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effect of stress and negative emotions on three main inhibition processes—prepotent response inhibition, resistance to distractor interference, and resistance to proactive interference—in BPD and to verify the putative modulating role of self-referential stimuli and processes on these inhibition processes. All English and French experimental studies published until August 2018 were searched in PsychINFO and PubMED databases. The following keywords were used: “borderline* AND inhibit* OR interference* OR forget* OR task* AND emotion* OR stress* OR affect*”. A total of 1215 articles were included in the study. After full text revision, twenty-six papers were selected for review. The results of this review indicate that when stimuli or procedures involve self-reference stimuli or processes, BPD individuals’ performance seems to be more disrupted in all three inhibition processes. A model based on Winter’s and Kernberg’s models is proposed with the aim of integrating the self-concept with inhibition processes in BPD.

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