Changes in Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Use and Adequacy of Mental Health Care in the United States, 1990–2003

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Alexis Ault-Brutus
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Assessing Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Treatment across Episodes of Mental Health Care

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Lê Cook ◽  
Samuel H. Zuvekas ◽  
Nicholas Carson ◽  
Geoffrey Ferris Wayne ◽  
Andrew Vesper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Rates and Associated Factors of Secondary Mental Health Care Utilisation among Ex-Military Personnel in the United States: A Narrative Review

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Mark ◽  
Dominic Murphy ◽  
Sharon Stevelink ◽  
Nicola Fear
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Utilisation ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Care Utilisation

Little is known about ex-serving military personnel who access secondary mental health care. This narrative review focuses on studies that quantitatively measure secondary mental health care utilisation in ex-serving personnel from the United States. The review aimed to identify rates of mental health care utilisation, as well as the factors associated with it. The electronic bibliographic databases OVID Medline, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, and Embase were searched for studies published between January 2001 and September 2018. Papers were retained if they included ex-serving personnel, where the majority of the sample had deployed to the recent conflicts in Iraq or Afghanistan. Fifteen studies were included. Modest rates of secondary mental health care utilisation were found in former military members—for mean percentage prevalence rates, values ranged from 12.5% for at least one psychiatric inpatient episode, to 63.2% for at least one outpatient mental health appointment. Individuals engaged in outpatient care visits most often, most likely because these appointments are the most commonly offered source of support. Post-traumatic stress disorder, particularly re-experiencing symptoms, and comorbid mental health problems were most consistently associated with higher mental health care utilisation. Easily accessible interventions aimed at facilitating higher rates of help seeking in ex-serving personnel are recommended.

scholarly journals Assessing the Individual, Neighborhood, and Policy Predictors of Disparities in Mental Health Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Cook ◽  
Samuel H. Zuvekas ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Ana Progovac ◽  
Alisa K. Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Mental Health Provider ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study assesses individual- and area-level predictors of racial/ethnic disparities in mental health care episodes for adults with psychiatric illness. Multilevel regression models are estimated using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys linked to area-level data sets. Compared with Whites, Blacks and Latinos live in neighborhoods with higher minority density, lower average education, and greater specialist mental health provider density, all of which predict lesser mental health care initiation. Neighborhood-level variables do not have differential effects on mental health care by race/ethnicity. Racial/ethnic disparities arise because minorities are more likely to live in neighborhoods where treatment initiation is low, rather than because of a differential influence of neighborhood disadvantage on treatment initiation for minorities compared with Whites. Low rates of initiation in neighborhoods with a high density of specialists suggest that interventions to increase mental health care specialists, without a focus on treating racial/ethnic minorities, may not reduce access disparities.

Computers and process description for community mental health care

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Rob Bale ◽  
Matthew Fiander ◽  
Tom Burns
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Assertive Community Treatment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Practice Characteristics

The focus of mental health care has seen a significant shift from institutional care to community based care and has been well described (Thornicroft & Bebbington, 1989). This shift has necessitated the development of new and flexible models for ensuring that patients' needs are met. Mental health professionals have to operate across a wide range of community contexts dealing with a complex range of needs. Intensive Case Management (ICM) also known as Assertive Community Treatment is a model of service provision to the long term mentally ill in the community. The Programme of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) developed by Stein & Test (1980) in the United States has a number of Key elements (figure 1).ACT-based ICM is unusual in that it has been extensively researched (principally in the United States of America), and programmes are relatively well described. Such descriptions, especially of programmes outside America, often focus on underlying principals and philosophies and do little to measure practice. Teague et al. (1995), however, devised clear criteria for measuring practice components and McGrew et al. (1994) asked ACT “experts” to rate the “key” elements of PACT and related a number of these to levels of hospital use. In the United Kingdom, Thornicroft (1991) listed twelve axes for describing the central practice characteristics of case management (a broad concept including ICM). These UK ‘practice characteristics’ also focus more on macro-level programme description rather than on the practices of programme staff. There is a pressing need for research into exactly what teams do.

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