scholarly journals Use of Real-Time Multisensor Data to Assess the Relationship of Normalized Corn Yield with Monthly Rainfall and Heat Stress across the Central United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1667-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Westcott ◽  
Steven E. Hollinger ◽  
Kenneth E. Kunkel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monthly Rainfall ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Environmental Prediction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rainfall Estimates

Abstract This study evaluated the suitability of rain estimates based on the National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network to estimate yield response to rainfall on a county scale and to provide real-time information related to crop stress resulting from deficient or excessive precipitation throughout the summer. The relationship between normalized corn yield and rainfall was examined for nine states in the central United States for 1997–99 and 2001–02. Monthly rainfall estimates were computed employing multisensor precipitation estimate (MPE) data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and quality-controlled (QC_Coop) and real-time (RT_Coop) NWS cooperative gauge data. In-season MPE rain estimates were found to be of comparable quality to the postseason QC_Coop estimates for predicting county corn yields. Both MPE and QC_Coop estimates were better related to corn yield than were RT_Coop estimates, presumably because of the lower density of RT_Coop gauges. Large corn yields typically resulted when May rain was less than 125 mm and July rain was greater than 50 mm. Low yields often occurred when July rainfall was less than 100 mm. For moderate July rains (50–100 mm), positive and negative normalized yields resulted. Parameterization of heat stress (number of July days > 32.2°C) improved the correlation between rainfall and normalized corn yield, particularly for years with the poorest yield-vs-rain relationship (1998 and 1999). For the combined analysis years, the multiple regression correlation coefficient was 0.56, incorporating May and July rainfall and July heat stress and explaining 31% of the variance of normalized corn yield. Results show that MPE rainfall estimates provide timely yield projections within the growing season.

Research State of Combine Threshing Unit Monitoring System and Insufficiency and Emphasis in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 246-247 ◽  
pp. 1026-1030
Author(s):  
Cheng Wen Zhang ◽  
Chong You Wu ◽  
Su Zhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Research Status ◽  
Drive Pulley ◽  
Fault Diagnostic ◽  
The Relationship

This article summarizes the development of United States, Japan and other foreign combine threshing part monitoring system. Meanwhile it analyses the research status of China from two aspects of fault diagnostic and the relationship with feed rate. Which is specifically illustrated the present researching status of the fault alarm, fault warning, troubleshooting, and the relationship be-tween feed rate and travel speed, roller torque, the drive pulley oil pressure relations. At last it con-cludes the insufficiency in the present studies and points out the direction of the strengthened re-search that is model of real-time controlling about feed rate.

scholarly journals Quantifying the impacts of compound extremes on agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-564
Author(s):  
Iman Haqiqi ◽  
Danielle S. Grogan ◽  
Thomas W. Hertel ◽  
Wolfram Schlenker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Wet Heat

Abstract. Agricultural production and food prices are affected by hydroclimatic extremes. There has been a growing amount of literature measuring the impacts of individual extreme events (heat stress or water stress) on agricultural and human systems. Yet, we lack a comprehensive understanding of the significance and the magnitude of the impacts of compound extremes. This study combines a fine-scale weather product with outputs of a hydrological model to construct functional metrics of individual and compound hydroclimatic extremes for agriculture. Then, a yield response function is estimated with individual and compound metrics, focusing on corn in the United States during the 1981–2015 period. Supported by statistical evidence, the findings suggest that metrics of compound hydroclimatic extremes are better predictors of corn yield variations than metrics of individual extremes. The results also confirm that wet heat is more damaging than dry heat for corn. This study shows the average yield damage from heat stress has been up to four times more severe when combined with water stress.

Impact of foliar fungicide timing and fungicide class on corn yield response in the United States and Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiersten A. Wise ◽  
Damon L. Smith ◽  
Anna Freije ◽  
Daren S. Mueller ◽  
Yuba R. Kandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Foliar Fungicide

The Relationship between Cool and Warm Season Moisture over the Central United States, 1685–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (19) ◽  
pp. 7909-7924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max C. A. Torbenson ◽  
David W. Stahle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Instrumental Record ◽  
Moisture Balance ◽  
Central United States ◽  
The Relationship

Land surface feedbacks impart a significant degree of persistence between cool and warm season moisture availability in the central United States. However, the degree of correlation between these two variables is subject to major changes that appear to occur on decadal to multidecadal time scales, even in the relatively short 115-yr instrumental record. Tree-ring reconstructions have extended the limited observational record of long-term soil moisture levels, but such reconstructions do not resolve the seasonal differences in moisture conditions. We present two separate 331-yr-long seasonal moisture reconstructions for the central United States, based on sensitive subannual and annual tree-ring chronologies that have strong and separate seasonal moisture signals: an estimate of the long-term May soil moisture balance and a second estimate of the short-term June–August atmospheric moisture balance. The predictors used in each seasonal reconstruction are not significantly correlated with the alternate season target. Both reconstructions capture over 70% of the interannual variance in the instrumental data for the calibration period and also share significant decadal and multidecadal variability with the instrumental record in both the calibration and validation periods. The instrumental and reconstructed moisture levels are both positively correlated between spring and summer strongly enough to have potential value in seasonal prediction. However, the relationship between spring and summer moisture exhibits major decadal changes in strength and even sign that appear to be related to large-scale ocean–atmosphere dynamics associated with the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation.

scholarly journals A machine learning interpretation of the contribution of foliar fungicides to soybean yield in the north‐central United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis A. Shah ◽  
Thomas R. Butts ◽  
Spyridon Mourtzinis ◽  
Juan I. Rattalino Edreira ◽  
Patricio Grassini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
North Central ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The North ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Foliar Fungicide

AbstractFoliar fungicide usage in soybeans in the north-central United States increased steadily over the past two decades. An agronomically-interpretable machine learning framework was used to understand the importance of foliar fungicides relative to other factors associated with realized soybean yields, as reported by growers surveyed from 2014 to 2016. A database of 2738 spatially referenced fields (of which 30% had been sprayed with foliar fungicides) was fit to a random forest model explaining soybean yield. Latitude (a proxy for unmeasured agronomic factors) and sowing date were the two most important factors associated with yield. Foliar fungicides ranked 7th out of 20 factors in terms of relative importance. Pairwise interactions between latitude, sowing date and foliar fungicide use indicated more yield benefit to using foliar fungicides in late-planted fields and in lower latitudes. There was a greater yield response to foliar fungicides in higher-yield environments, but less than a 100 kg/ha yield penalty for not using foliar fungicides in such environments. Except in a few production environments, yield gains due to foliar fungicides sufficiently offset the associated costs of the intervention when soybean prices are near-to-above average but do not negate the importance of disease scouting and fungicide resistance management.

scholarly journals Corn yield response to subsurface drainage water recycling in the Midwestern United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Willison ◽  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Lori J. Abendroth ◽  
Giorgi Chighladze ◽  
Christopher H. Hay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Midwestern United States

The relationship between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and drought indices in the South Central United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 791-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazla Bushra ◽  
Robert V. Rohli ◽  
Nina S. N. Lam ◽  
Lei Zou ◽  
Rubayet Bin Mostafiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central ◽  
Central United States ◽  
The Relationship

Assessment of Weed Control Strategies for Corn in the North-Central United States

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent E. Tharp ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
Thomas T. Bauman ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
William G. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Central United States

Field experiments were conducted across the north-central United States to determine the benefits of various weed control strategies in corn. Weed control, corn yield, and economic return increased when a preemergence (PRE) broad-spectrum herbicide was followed by (fb) postemergence (POST) herbicides. Weed control decisions based on field scouting after a PRE broad-spectrum herbicide application increased weed control and economic return. Application of a PRE grass herbicide fb a POST herbicide based on field scouting resulted in less control of velvetleaf and morningglory species, corn yield, and economic return compared with a PRE broad-spectrum herbicide application fb scouting. Cultivation after a PRE broad-spectrum herbicide application increased weed control and corn yield compared with the herbicide applied alone, but economic return was not increased. An early-postemergence herbicide application fb cultivation resulted in the highest level of broadleaf weed control, the highest corn yield, and the greatest economic return compared with all other strategies. Weed control based on scouting proved to be useful in reducing the effect of weed escapes on corn yield and increased economic return compared with PRE herbicide application alone. However, economic return was not greater than the PRE fb planned POST or total POST strategies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document