scholarly journals Mangrove Microclimate: A Case Study from Southeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nádia Gilma Beserra de Lima ◽  
Emerson Galvani
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Mangrove Environment ◽  
Terrestrial Environments

Abstract A mangrove is a transitional coastal ecosystem between marine and terrestrial environments that is characterized by salinity and constant tidal flooding. Mangroves contain plant communities that are adapted to several physical constraints, including the climate. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variations in climatic attributes (air temperature, relative air humidity, global solar radiation, wind, and rainfall) in the mangroves located in the municipality of Iguape, on the southern coast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. In addition, it was determined whether the existing variation is related to the presence of the canopy environment. A microclimate tower was installed with two weather stations to obtain an analysis of the variation of the climatic attributes above and below the canopy. The results indicate that global solar radiation had an average transmissivity of 26.8%. The air temperature at 10 m was higher than that at the sensor at 2 m. The average rainfall interception for the mangrove environment was 19.6%. Both the maximum gust and average wind speed decreased by approximately 63.7% at 2 m. The mangrove canopy was found to be an important control on the variation of climatic attributes. On a microclimatic scale, the climate attributes had a direct influence on the spatial distribution of vegetation. Additionally, characteristics of the canopy are the main control for this variation, especially for the distribution of rainfall and the amount of solar radiation below the canopy, which influence the distribution of plant species in the environment.

scholarly journals Trends and Variations of Monthly Solar Radiation, Temperature and Rainfall Data over Birnin Kebbi Metropolis for the Period of 2014-2016

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Usman Zayyanu Magawata ◽  
Abubakar Aliero Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Significant Downward Trend ◽  
Precipitation Events

The investigation of rainfall, temperature and solar radiation variability at Birnin Kebbi metropolis, Kebbi State, Nigeria was carried out using observations of air temperature (°C) rainfall (mm) and solar radiation (W/m2) for the period of 2014 -2016 (3 years), data was obtained at Sir Ahmadu Bello international Airport, analysis of data indicate for the occurrences of abrupt change in temperature, rainfall and solar radiation values. It was observed from the distributions of monthly average wind speed for the (3) three years are fairly similar with maximum wind speed with variation in some months, having deficit values in February and April 2014, February and March 2015, January and February 2016, its revealed that, the least global solar radiation in 2014 followed by the month of January 2015 and June in 2016. The variation between maximum solar radiation and minimum is said to be great in the months of January to March where there is increase in the intensity of heat as there is strong expectation of precipitation events that become extremely in the month of August/September 2016. The slight difference between maximum and minimum in the period advocates a different seasonal period between the regime of large difference and low difference in the Relative Humidity in the year. However 2016 show the maximum temperature which in turn when compared with 2014 and 2015 as the case reverse, significant increases in precipitation indicated in 2014 compare to other years (2015, 2016). It was concluded that there is a significant downward trend in the yearly total and mean rainfalls at Birnin Kebbi showing that 2014 has highest rainfall compared with 2015 and 2016.

scholarly journals Wind and Solar Radiation Potential Assessment in Kano, Nigeria Using Weibull and Samani Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Mustapha Mudasiru ◽  
Mohd Wazir Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Horizontal Surface ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Average Wind

A clean, source free, environmentally friendly and renewable source of energy such as wind and solar energy can be used for providing sustainable power supply to remedy an epileptic and unreliable power supply systems. For decades, electric power supply situation in Kano, Nigeria has been a major source of serious concern. The epileptic power supply has hindered the socio-economic growth industrialization and, subsequently, increase air pollution due to individual stand-alone diesel generators. Various government incentives and policies have little or no effect to improve the availability and reliability of the electric power. The aviation industries especially the Navigation and communication equipment required, apart from availability, a reliable power sources because of their sensitivity to reliable and safe Aircraft navigation. The need for an alternate renewable energy system (RES) of power supply away from the National grid and diesel generator is inevitable at Kano. This paper proposes an assessment of wind and solar energy potentialities at Kano in Nigeria using Weibull distribution methods and the Samani model to determine the wind features and estimate global solar radiation potentials respectively for power supply generation. A six years (2009-2014) monthly mean wind speed data measured at 10 m height was collected and extrapolated to 50 m height level for statistical analysis, while 22 years monthly solar radiation, temperature amplitude and relative humidity of the location were obtained from NASA web to calibrate, validate and evaluate the Samani model, ten years (2003-2012) maximum and minimum temperature were then used to predict the global solar radiation on horizontal surface of the location. The minimum Weibull average wind speed was found to be 8.60 m/s and the maximum average wind speed was 11.24 m/s while the minimum power density was 440.03 W/m2 and the highest was 947.26 W/m2 at the 10 m height level. The lowest average global solar radiation on the horizontal surface was 17.96 MJ/m2/d and highest average global solar radiation on the horizontal surface was 26.38 MJ/m2/d. The site has been found to have great potentials for wind and solar utility power generation capacity.

scholarly journals Detrended Multiple Cross-Correlation Coefficient applied to solar radiation, air temperature and relative humidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea de Almeida Brito ◽  
Heráclio Alves de Araújo ◽  
Gilney Figueira Zebende
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Cross Correlations

AbstractDue to the importance of generating energy sustainably, with the Sun being a large solar power plant for the Earth, we study the cross-correlations between the main meteorological variables (global solar radiation, air temperature, and relative air humidity) from a global cross-correlation perspective to efficiently capture solar energy. This is done initially between pairs of these variables, with the Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient, ρDCCA, and subsequently with the recently developed Multiple Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient, $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$DMCx2. We use the hourly data from three meteorological stations of the Brazilian Institute of Meteorology located in the state of Bahia (Brazil). Initially, with the original data, we set up a color map for each variable to show the time dynamics. After, ρDCCA was calculated, thus obtaining a positive value between the global solar radiation and air temperature, and a negative value between the global solar radiation and air relative humidity, for all time scales. Finally, for the first time, was applied $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$DMCx2 to analyze cross-correlations between three meteorological variables at the same time. On taking the global radiation as the dependent variable, and assuming that $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}={\bf{1}}$$DMCx2=1 (which varies from 0 to 1) is the ideal value for the capture of solar energy, our analysis finds some patterns (differences) involving these meteorological stations with a high intensity of annual solar radiation.

scholarly journals Global Solar Radiation Models in Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ana Flávia Martins Monteiro ◽  
Fabrina Bolzan Martins
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Climate Classification ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Climatic Classification ◽  
Weather Stations

Accurate and complete global solar radiation (Hs) data at a specific region are crucial for regional climate assessment, crop growth modeling, and all operations that use solar energy. However, in the Minas Gerais state, Southeastern Brazil (SEB), the number of weather stations that measure global solar radiation is scarce, and when it is available, it presents gaps in the time series. An attractive alternative to solve the data gap problem is to estimate global solar radiation using empirical models. In this study, thirteen models based on maximum and minimum air temperatures, precipitation, sunshine duration, and extraterrestrial solar radiation were compared in the daily estimation of Hs. Data from 10 weather stations, from 1999 to 2017, located in Minas Gerais were used. Also, cluster analysis was used to group the localities (weather stations) with similar patterns of model performance, climatic classification (Köppen–Geiger and Thornthwaite), and seasonal data variability, considering minimum and maximum air temperatures, precipitation, sunshine duration, and global solar radiation. Although it is apparently simple, studies on this subject are scarce and the few existing ones in Minas Gerais have flaws, which justifies this study. The models were evaluated by root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean bias error (BIAS), Willmott’s index of agreement (d), and performance index (c-index). Models based on sunshine duration, such as those proposed by Ertekin and Yaldiz and by Newland, showed the best performance (average c-index = 0.71). Models based on temperature and precipitation showed the worst results (average c-index = 0.41). Cluster analysis showed that there is a similar pattern between the performance of the models, climatic classification, and seasonal variability of data among the localities of Minas Gerais. In general, models that presented extremely poor performance were formed with weather stations located in the dry zone, but with different climate classification, and models that presented very good (and good) performance were composed by weather stations located in the humid zone (dry subhumid) with the same climate classification and similar seasonal variability. Furthermore, the models based on temperature have a tendency to overestimate radiation values below 10 MJ·m−2 day−1 and to underestimate values higher than 25 MJ·m−2 day−1. This point is a limitation of the model for estimating global solar radiation below and above these levels, showing the influence of atmospheric systems and atmospheric attenuation mechanisms of global solar radiation.

scholarly journals Parametrization of Models and Use of Estimated Global Solar Radiation Data in the Irrigated Rice Yield Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
João Rodrigo de Castro ◽  
Santiago Vianna Cuadra ◽  
Luciana Barros Pinto ◽  
João Marcelo Hoffmann de Souza ◽  
Marcos Paulo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Radiation Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of estimated global solar radiation data in the simulations of potential yield of irrigated rice. Global solar radiation was estimated by four empirical models, based on air temperature, and a meteorological satellite derivated. The empirical models were calibrated and validated for 10 sites, representative of the six rice regions of the State of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. To evaluate the impact of the radiation estimates on irrigated rice yield simulations, the CERES-Rice model, calibrated for four cultivars, was used. The estimates of global solar radiation of the empirical models based on the air temperature showed deviations, from the observed values, of 20 to 30% and the estimated by satellite deviations of more than 30%. The global solar radiation data estimated by the Hargreaves and Samani, Donatelli and Campbell and derived satellite (PowerNasa) type air temperature-based empirical models can be used as input data in simulation models of crop growth, development and productivity of irrigated rice.

scholarly journals Global solar radiation prediction over North Dakota using air temperature: Development of novel hybrid intelligence model

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 136-157
Author(s):  
Hai Tao ◽  
Ahmed A. Ewees ◽  
Ali Omran Al-Sulttani ◽  
Ufuk Beyaztas ◽  
Mohammed Majeed Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Temperature Development ◽  
Hybrid Intelligence ◽  
Hybrid Intelligence Model
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document