scholarly journals Do Biometeorological Indices Improve Modeling Outcomes of Heat-Related Mortality?

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1165-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Vaneckova ◽  
Gerard Neville ◽  
Vivienne Tippett ◽  
Peter Aitken ◽  
Gerard FitzGerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Temperature ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Composite Indices ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
Relative Strain Index ◽  
Related Mortality

AbstractVarious biometeorological indices and temperature measures have been used to assess heat-related health risks. Composite indices are expected to assess human comfort more accurately than do temperature measures alone. The performances of several common biometeorological indices and temperature measures in evaluating the heat-related mortality in Brisbane, Australia—a city with a subtropical climate—were compared. Daily counts of deaths from organic causes [International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 9th Revision, (ICD9) codes 001–799 and ICD, 10th Revision, (ICD10) codes A00–R99] during the period from 1 January 1996 to 30 November 2004 were used. Several composite biometeorological indices were considered, such as apparent temperature, relative strain index, Thom discomfort index, the humidex, and wet-bulb globe temperature. Hot days were defined as those days falling into the 95th percentile of each thermal stress indicator. Case-crossover analysis was applied to estimate the relationship between exposure to heat and mortality. The performances of various biometeorological indices and temperature measures were compared using the jackknife resampling method. The results show that more deaths were likely to occur on hot days than on other (i.e., control) days regardless of the temperature measure or biometeorological index that is considered. The magnitude of the odds ratios varied with temperature indicators, between 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.14] and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.22–1.64) after adjusting for air pollutants (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm and ozone). Average temperature performed similarly to the composite indices, but minimum and maximum temperatures performed relatively poorer. Thus, average temperature may be suitable for the development of weather–health warning systems if the findings presented herein are confirmed in different locations.

Susceptibility Factors to Ozone-Related Mortality-A Population-Based Case-Crossover Analysis

Epidemiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S26-S27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Stafoggia ◽  
Annunziata Faustini ◽  
Giovanna Berti ◽  
Gabriele Accetta ◽  
Luigi Bisanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Susceptibility Factors ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Related Mortality

Fall-related mortality in southern Sweden: a multiple cause of death analysis, 1998–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliasghar A Kiadaliri ◽  
Björn E Rosengren ◽  
Martin Englund
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectivesTo investigate temporal trend in fall mortality among adults (aged ≥20 years) in southern Sweden using multiple cause of death data.MethodsWe examined all death certificates (DCs, n=2 01 488) in adults recorded in the Skåne region during 1998–2014. We identified all fall deaths using International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes (W00-W19) and calculated the mortality rates by age and sex. Temporal trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression and associated causes were identified by age-adjusted and sex-adjusted observed/expected ratios.ResultsFalls were mentioned on 1.0% and selected as underlying cause in 0.7% of all DCs, with the highest frequency among those aged ≥70 years. The majority (75.6%) of fall deaths were coded as unspecified fall (ICD-10 code: W19) followed by falling on or from stairs/steps (7.7%, ICD-10 code: W10) and other falls on the same level (6.3%, ICD-10 code: W18). The mean age at fall deaths increased from 77.5 years in 1998–2002 to 82.9 years in 2010–2014 while for other deaths it increased from 78.5 to 79.8 years over the same period. The overall mean age-standardised rate of fall mortality was 8.3 and 4.0 per 1 00 000 person-years in men and women, respectively, and increased by 1.7% per year in men and 0.8% per year in women during 1998–2014. Head injury and diseases of the circulatory system were recorded as contributing cause on 48.7% of fall deaths.ConclusionsThere is an increasing trend of deaths due to falls in southern Sweden. Further investigations are required to explain this observation particularly among elderly men.

scholarly journals Apparent Temperature and Cause-Specific Mortality in Copenhagen, Denmark: A Case-Crossover Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3712-3727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Wichmann ◽  
Zorana Jovanovic Andersen ◽  
Matthias Ketzel ◽  
Thomas Ellermann ◽  
Steffen Loft
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Temperature ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Crossover Analysis

scholarly journals Climate change in Victoria: trends, predictions and impacts

2013 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Hughes ◽  
Will Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Global Trends ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
North West ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Do So

Australia’s climate is changing, consistent with global trends. Continental average temperatures have increased nearly 1°C since the early 20th century, with warming accelerating since the 1950s. The number of extreme hot days is increasing, whereas the number of cold days and frosts is decreasing. With an average temperature over 1.0°C above the long-term mean, 2005 was Australia’s warmest year on record; 2009 was the second warmest year on record. The decade 2000–2009 was Australia’s warmest. Rainfall has been decreasing in the south-west and south-east of Australia, but increasing in the north-west. The ocean is warming and sea levels are rising, consistent with global averages. Consistent with global and national trends, Victoria’s climate is already changing and will continue to do so, posing significant risks to the State. Over the past few decades Victoria has become hotter and drier, and these trends are likely to continue, together with an increasing intensity and/or frequency of extreme events, such as heatwaves, droughts, bushfires and floods, posing significant risks to the State’s infrastructure, coasts, ecosystems, agriculture and health.

scholarly journals Trends in Extreme Apparent Temperatures over the United States, 1949–2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1650-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Grundstein ◽  
John Dowd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Apparent Temperature ◽  
Clear Increase ◽  
Related Mortality

AbstractBiometeorological indices, such as the apparent temperature, are widely used in studies of heat-related mortality to quantify the human sensation to the environmental conditions. Increases in the frequency of environmentally stressful days as indicated by biometeorological indices may augment the risk for heat-related morbidity and mortality. This study examines trends in the frequency of days with extreme maximum and minimum apparent temperatures across the United States for 1949–2010. An increase in occurrence of 1-day extreme minimum apparent temperatures is particularly notable, especially in the eastern and western United States, with 44% of stations exhibiting positive trends. About 20% of stations have positive trends in 1-day extreme maximum apparent temperature, mostly in the western United States. The median trend for both 1-day extreme maximum and minimum apparent temperature is approximately 2 days per 10 yr, indicating that by 2010 there were 12 more days with extreme apparent temperatures than there were in 1949. Few stations with trends in 4-day extreme minimum or maximum apparent temperatures were noted. An important finding is that there has been a 53% increase in stations with positive trends in 1-day extreme minimum apparent temperatures and a 63% increase in stations with positive trends in 1-day extreme maximum apparent temperatures since a similar study by Gaffen and Ross was conducted using the period 1949–95. Although there is a clear increase in the hazard for days with extreme apparent temperatures, changes in health outcomes are modulated by factors, such as the age of the population and access to air conditioning, that affect social vulnerability.

Clinical Vulnerability Associated with Cold-Related Mortality: A Case-Crossover Analysis

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S163
Author(s):  
R Miglio ◽  
M Stafoggia ◽  
P Pandolfi ◽  
D Agostini ◽  
L Bisanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Crossover ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Related Mortality

scholarly journals Association of climate variability and childhood diarrhoeal disease in rural Bangladesh, 2000–2006

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1859-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WU ◽  
M. YUNUS ◽  
P. K. STREATFIELD ◽  
M. EMCH
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Childhood Diarrhoea ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Hot Days

SUMMARYThis study examined the effects of meteorological factors, particularly, extreme weather events, on the prevalence of childhood diarrhoeal disease in Matlab, Bangladesh. Logistic regression models were used to examine impacts of temperature, rainfall and the extreme weather factors (the number of hot days and days with heavy rainfall) on childhood diarrhoea from 2000 to 2006 at the bari (cluster of dwellings) level. The results showed that the increases in the number of hot days and days with heavy rainfall were associated with an increase in daily diarrhoea cases by 0·8–3·8% and 1–6·2%, respectively. The results from multivariable stepwise models showed that the extreme weather factors were still positively associated with childhood diarrhoea, while the associations for average temperature and rainfall could be negative after other variables were controlled. The findings showed that not only the intensity, but also the frequency of extreme weather events had significant effects on childhood diarrhoea.

scholarly journals The Influence of Apparent Temperature on Mortality in the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance Area in the Middle Belt of Ghana: A Retrospective Time-Series Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kenneth Wiru ◽  
Felix Boakye Oppong ◽  
Oscar Agyei ◽  
Charles Zandoh ◽  
Obed Ernest Nettey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Apparent Temperature ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Related Mortality

Globally, studies have shown that diurnal changes in weather conditions and extreme weather events have a profound effect on mortality. Here, we assessed the effect of apparent temperature on all-cause mortality and the modifying effect of sex on the apparent temperature-mortality relationship using mortality and weather data archived over an eleven-year period. An overdispersed Poisson regression and distributed lag nonlinear models were used for this analysis. With these models, we analysed the relative risk of mortality at different temperature values over a 10-day lag period. By and large, we observed a nonlinear association between mean daily apparent temperature and all-cause mortality. An assessment of different temperature values over a 10-day lag period showed an increased risk of death at the lowest apparent temperature (18°C) from lag 2 to 4 with the highest relative risk of mortality (RR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.15, p value = 0.001) occurring three days after exposure. The relative risk of death also varied between males (RR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.94) and females (RR = 4.88, 95% CI: 1.40, 16.99) by apparent temperature and lag. On the whole, males are sensitive to both temperature extremes whilst females are more vulnerable to low temperature-related mortality. Accordingly, our findings could inform efforts at reducing temperature-related mortality in this context and other settings with similar environmental and demographic characteristics.

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