scholarly journals RSV-encoded NS2 promotes epithelial cell shedding and distal airway obstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 2219-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael M. Liesman ◽  
Ursula J. Buchholz ◽  
Cindy L. Luongo ◽  
Lijuan Yang ◽  
Alan D. Proia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Distal Airway ◽  
Cell Shedding

scholarly journals PWE-076 Absence Of Gut Microbiota Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-induced Epithelial Cell Shedding In The Small Intestine

Gut ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A157.1-A157 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hughes ◽  
C Alcon-Giner ◽  
M Lawson ◽  
K McCoy ◽  
A Macpherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cell Shedding

Bronchial epithelial cells regulate fibroblast proliferation

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. L377-L387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
L. Tate ◽  
R. F. Ertl ◽  
M. Kawamoto ◽  
T. Mio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cell ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Fibroblast Proliferation ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Cell Conditioned Medium

Chronic bronchitis frequently leads to irreversible airway obstruction. Alteration of airway architecture with abnormal airway connective tissue is thought to play an important role in this process. We hypothesized that the epithelial cells that line the airways modulate the development of peribronchial fibrosis and fixed airway obstruction by directing fibroblast proliferation. To assess this, we examined stimulatory activities for human lung fibroblast proliferation in bovine bronchial epithelial cell-conditioned medium. The conditioned medium stimulated the proliferation of fibroblasts in a serum-free culture system in a concentration-dependent manner. The fibroblast growth stimulatory activity was heterogenous, with molecular masses of > 50 and approximately 10 kDa. Bronchial epithelial cell-conditioned medium also contained fibroblast growth inhibitory factors, including both transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and, based on indomethacin sensitivity, cyclooxygenase products. TGF-beta appeared to contribute to the morphological change of fibroblasts induced by the conditioned medium. Co-culture of human lung fibroblasts with bronchial epithelial cells resulted in a stimulation of fibroblast proliferation. In summary, airway epithelial cells appear to regulate fibroblast proliferation and may play a role in peribronchial fibrosis in chronic bronchitis.

scholarly journals Elective Use of Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and High-flow Nasal Oxygen for Resection of Subtotal Malignant Distal Airway Obstruction

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. F. Fung ◽  
J. Stellios ◽  
P. G. Bannon ◽  
A. Ananda ◽  
P. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Distal Airway ◽  
Lower Airway Obstruction ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

We describe the use of peripheral veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) and high-flow nasal oxygen as procedural support in a patient undergoing debulking of a malignant tumour of the lower airway. Due to the significant risk of complete airway obstruction upon induction of anaesthesia, ECMO was established while the patient was awake, and was maintained without systemic anticoagulation to minimise the risk of intraoperative bleeding. This case illustrates that ECMO support with high-flow nasal oxygen can be considered as part of the algorithm for airway management during surgery for subtotal lower airway obstruction, as it may be the only viable option for maintaining adequate gas exchange.

scholarly journals Clinical and radiographic predictors of successful therapeutic bronchoscopy for the relief of malignant central airway obstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Coral X. Giovacchini ◽  
Edward R. Kessler ◽  
Christopher M. Merrick ◽  
Junheng Gao ◽  
Xiaofei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Radiographic Finding ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Central Airway Obstruction ◽  
Distal Airway ◽  
Central Airway

Abstract Background Malignant central airway obstruction (CAO) occurs in approximately 20–30% of patients with lung cancer and is associated with debilitating symptoms and poor prognosis. Multimodality therapeutic bronchoscopy can relieve malignant CAO, though carries risk. Evidence to guide clinicians regarding which patients may benefit from such interventions is sparse. We aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic predictors associated with therapeutic bronchoscopy success in relieving malignant CAO. Methods We reviewed all cases of therapeutic bronchoscopy performed for malignant CAO at our institution from January 2010–February 2017. Therapeutic bronchoscopy success was defined as establishing airway patency of > 50%. Patient demographics and baseline characteristics, oncology history, degree of airway obstruction, procedural interventions, and complications were compared between successful and unsuccessful groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified the significant clinical and radiographic predictors for therapeutic success. The corresponding simple and conditional odds ratio were calculated. A time-to-event analysis with Kaplan–Meier plots was performed to estimate overall survival. Results During the study period, 301 therapeutic bronchoscopies were performed; 44 (14.6%) were considered unsuccessful. Factors associated with success included never vs current smoking status (OR 5.36, 95% CI:1.45–19.74, p = 0.010), patent distal airway on CT imaging (OR 15.11, 95% CI:2.98–45.83, p < 0.0001) and patent distal airway visualized during bronchoscopy (OR 10.77, 95% CI:3.63–31.95, p < 0.001) in univariate analysis. Along with patent distal airway on CT imaging, increased time from radiographic finding to therapeutic bronchoscopy was associated with lower odds of success in multivariate analysis (OR 0.96, 95% CI:0.92–1.00, p = 0.048). Median survival was longer in the successful group (10.2 months, 95% CI:4.8–20.2) compared to the unsuccessful group (6.1 months, 95% CI:2.1–10.8, log rank p = 0.015). Conclusions Predictors associated with successful therapeutic bronchoscopy for malignant CAO include distal patent airway visualized on CT scan and during bronchoscopy. Odds of success are higher in non-smokers, and with decreased time from radiographic finding of CAO to intervention.

scholarly journals γδ intraepithelial lymphocytes facilitate pathological epithelial cell shedding via CD103-mediated granzyme release.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine D. Hu ◽  
Natasha B. Golovchenko ◽  
Grace L. Burns ◽  
Prema M. Nair ◽  
Thomas J. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Shedding
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