scholarly journals Contributions of de novo synthesis of fatty acids to total VLDL-triglyceride secretion during prolonged hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia in normal man.

1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 2008-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Aarsland ◽  
D Chinkes ◽  
R R Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
De Novo ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Triglyceride Secretion ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Vldl Triglyceride

In vivo study of the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids using deuterated water

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. E247-E252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Ajie ◽  
M. J. Connor ◽  
W. N. Lee ◽  
S. Bassilian ◽  
E. A. Bergner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Deuterated Water ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Isotopomer Distribution ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Mass Isotopomer

To determine the contributions of preexisting fatty acid, de novo synthesis, and chain elongation in long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) synthesis, the synthesis of LCFAs, palmitate (16:0), stearate (18:0), arachidate (20:0), behenate (22:0), and lignocerate (24:0), in the epidermis, liver, and spinal cord was determined using deuterated water and mass isotopomer distribution analysis in hairless mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were given 4% deuterated water for 5 days or 8 wk in their drinking water. Blood was withdrawn at the end of these times for the determination of deuterium enrichment, and the animals were killed to isolate the various tissues for lipid extraction for the determination of the mass isotopomer distributions. The mass isotopomer distributions in LCFA were incompatible with synthesis from a single pool of primer. The synthesis of palmitate, stearate, arachidate, behenate, and lignocerate followed the expected biochemical pathways for the synthesis of LCFAs. On average, three deuterium atoms were incorporated for every addition of an acetyl unit. The isotopomer distribution resulting from chain elongation and de novo synthesis can be described by the linear combination of two binomial distributions. The proportions of preexisting, chain elongation, and de novo-synthesized fatty acids as a percentage of the total fatty acids were determined using multiple linear regression analysis. Fractional synthesis was found to vary, depending on the tissue type and the fatty acid, from 47 to 87%. A substantial fraction (24-40%) of the newly synthesized molecules was derived from chain elongation of unlabeled (recycled) palmitate.

The composition and metabolism of fatty acids in Ips paraconfusus Lanier (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1263-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Penner ◽  
J. S. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ips Paraconfusus ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
De Novo Synthesis

The fatty acid composition of newly emerged Ips paraconfusus Lanier shows no sexual dimorphism and is approximately as follows: C14:0, 0.5%; C16:0, 23.0%; C16:1, 6%; C18:0, 3%; C18:1, 55%; C18:2, 9%; C18:3, 2%. Both sexes, but particularly the female, use up fatty acids, particularly the monounsaturated acids, during reproduction. Isotope from 1-14C-acetate injected into newly emerged females appeared in all saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids within 30 min. There was evidence of de novo synthesis of C14:0 and C16:0, chain elongation of C16:0 to C18:0, and desaturation of C16:0 and C18:0 to yield C16:1 and C18:1 respectively.

scholarly journals Unravelling genetic variation underlying de novo-synthesis of bovine milk fatty acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Martin Knutsen ◽  
Hanne Gro Olsen ◽  
Valeria Tafintseva ◽  
Morten Svendsen ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids

scholarly journals De novo synthesis of fatty acids is regulated by FapR protein in Exiguobacterium antarcticum B7, a psychrotrophic bacterium isolated from Antarctica

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Baraúna ◽  
Diego A. das Graças ◽  
Catarina I. P. Nunes ◽  
Maria P. C. Schneider ◽  
Artur Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
De Novo ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacterium ◽  
Exiguobacterium Antarcticum

Lipid composition of developing Xenopus laevis embryos

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Mes-Hartree ◽  
John B. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Embryos

The total lipid content, amount of phospholipid, proportions of major polar and neutral lipid classes, and the overall fatty acid composition were examined in Xenopus laevis embryos. No obvious differences were observed in any of the parameters between fertilization and hatching, or between eggs produced by different females. The average lipid content per egg was 113 μg, 31.6 μg of which was phospholipid. The major phospholipids were phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin. The major fatty acids were palmitic and oleic acids, but polyunsaturated fatty acids were also present in substantial amounts. The results suggest that significant de novo synthesis of lipids does not occur until after hatching.

scholarly journals Isomeric lipid signatures reveal compartmentalised fatty acid metabolism in cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben S. E. Young ◽  
Andrew P Bowman ◽  
Kaylyn Davis Tousignant ◽  
Berwyck L.J. Poad ◽  
Jennifer H Gunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Glycerol Backbone ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Metabolic Fate ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Cellular Energy

Cellular energy and biomass demands of cancer drive a complex dynamic between uptake of extracellular fatty acids (FA) and de novo synthesis. Given that oxidation of de novo synthesised FAs for energy would result in net-energy loss, there is an implication that FAs from these two sources must have distinct metabolic fates - however hitherto FAs were considered part of a common pool. To probe FA metabolic partitioning, cancer cells were supplemented with stable-isotope labelled FAs. Structural analysis of the resulting glycerophospholipids revealed that labelled FAs from uptake were largely incorporated to canonical (sn-)positions on the glycerol backbone. Surprisingly, labelled FA uptake disrupted canonical isomer patterns of the unlabelled lipidome and induced repartitioning of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated-FAs into glycerophospholipid classes. These structural changes evidence differences in the metabolic fate of FAs derived from uptake or de novo sources and demonstrate unique signalling and remodelling behaviours usually hidden to conventional lipidomics. 

scholarly journals A Review of the Metabolic Origins of Milk Fatty Acids

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamaria COZMA ◽  
Doina MIERE ◽  
Lorena FILIP ◽  
Sanda ANDREI ◽  
Roxana BANC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Ruminal Biohydrogenation ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Milk fat and its fatty acid profile are important determinants of the technological, sensorial, and nutritional properties of milk and dairy products. The two major processes contributing to the presence of fatty acids in ruminant milk are the mammary lipogenesis and the lipid metabolism in the rumen. Among fatty acids, 4:0 to 12:0, almost all 14:0 and about a half of 16:0 in milk fat derive from de novo synthesis within the mammary gland. De novo synthesis utilizes as precursors acetate and butyrate produced through carbohydrates ruminal fermentation and involves acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase as key enzymes. The rest of 16:0 and all of the long-chain fatty acids derive from mammary uptake of circulating lipoproteins and nonesterified fatty acids that originate from digestive absorption of lipids and body fat mobilization. Further, long-chain fatty acids as well as medium-chain fatty acids entering the mammary gland can be desaturated via Δ-9 desaturase, an enzyme that acts by adding a cis-9-double bond on the fatty acid chain. Moreover, ruminal biohydrogenation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids results in the formation of numerous fatty acids available for incorporation into milk fat. Ruminal biohydrogenation is performed by rumen microbial population as a means of protection against the toxic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Within the rumen microorganisms, bacteria are principally responsible for ruminal biohydrogenation when compared to protozoa and anaerobic fungi.

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