scholarly journals Most CD4+ T cells from human immunodeficiency virus-1 infected patients can undergo prolonged clonal expansion.

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 1637-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Langhoff ◽  
J McElrath ◽  
H J Bos ◽  
J Pruett ◽  
A Granelli-Piperno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

scholarly journals Human immunodeficiency virus 1 reservoir in CD4+ T cells is restricted to certain V beta subsets.

1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 5563-5567 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dobrescu ◽  
S. Kabak ◽  
K. Mehta ◽  
C. H. Suh ◽  
A. Asch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Neopterin estimation compared with the ratio of T-cell subpopulations in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2415-2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Fuchs ◽  
M Banekovich ◽  
A Hausen ◽  
J Hutterer ◽  
G Reibnegger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
T Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Abstract We measured neopterin, a biochemical indicator for the activation of cell-mediated immune reactions, in urines from 105 individuals at risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), 83 of whom were seropositive for antibody to HIV-1. We compared absolute numbers of T-cell subsets (CD4+ helper/inducer T-cells, CD8+ suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells), and the ratio of CD4+ T-cells to CD8+ T-cells with the urinary neopterin concentrations. Concentrations of neopterin in urine were inversely correlated with absolute numbers of CD4+ T-cells and with CD4+/CD8+ ratios in anti-HIV-1 seropositive subjects but not in those seronegative. Various statistical comparisons of the data further demonstrated that neopterin concentrations showed larger differences between anti-HIV-1 seronegative and seropositive subjects than absolute numbers of CD4+ T-cells or CD4+/CD8+ ratios. These results seem to indicate that neopterin concentrations increase earlier in the course of HIV-1 infection, before effects on T-cell subpopulations are detectable, and may further support the suggestion that neopterin measurement could be of use for monitoring infected subjects or predicting the progression of disease.

scholarly journals In Vitro Reactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 from Latently Infected, Resting CD4+T Cells after Bacterial Stimulation

2000 ◽  
Vol 181 (6) ◽  
pp. 2041-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Moriuchi ◽  
Masako Moriuchi ◽  
Stephanie B. Mizell ◽  
Linda A. Ehler ◽  
Anthony S. Fauci
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Bacterial Stimulation ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

scholarly journals Potent activity of 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in hu-PBL-SCID mice.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2369-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ruxrungtham ◽  
E Boone ◽  
H Ford ◽  
J S Driscoll ◽  
R T Davey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Anti Hiv

A new antiretroviral agent, 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (FddA), is an acid-stable compound whose triphosphate form is a potent reverse transcriptase inhibitor with in vitro anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity and a favorable pharmacokinetic profile. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID mice) provide a useful small-animal model for HIV research. In the present study we utilized this experimental system for the in vivo evaluation of the anti-HIV activity of this new compound when administered prior to infection. Initial studies revealed that, following a challenge with 50 100% tissue culture infective doses of HIV type 1 lymphadenopathy-associated virus, 39 of 42 (93%) control mice developed HIV infection, as evidenced by positive coculture or positive PCR. Administration of zidovudine decreased the infection rate to 5 of 16 (31%), while administration of FddA decreased the infection rate to 0 of 44 (0%). In follow-up controlled studies, the anti-HIV activity of FddA was confirmed, with 18 of 20 control mice showing evidence of HIV infection, compared with 4 of 20 FddA-treated mice. In addition to having direct anti-HIV effects, FddA was found to have a protective effect on human CD4+ T cells in the face of HIV infection. Mice treated with FddA were found to have a significantly higher percentage of CD4+ T cells than controls (10.3% +/- 3.4% versus 0.27% +/- 0.21%; P = 0.01). Thus, FddA, with its potent anti-HIV activity in vivo, high oral bioavailability, long intracellular half-life, and ability to preserve CD4+ cells in the presence of HIV, appears to be a promising agent for clinical investigation.

scholarly journals WFDC1/ps20 Is a Novel Innate Immunomodulatory Signature Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Permissive CD4+ CD45RO+ Memory T Cells That Promotes Infection by Upregulating CD54 Integrin Expression and Is Elevated in HIV Type 1 Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 471-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Alvarez ◽  
J. Reading ◽  
D. F. L. King ◽  
M. Hayes ◽  
P. Easterbrook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Integrin Expression ◽  
Small Interference Rna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Understanding why human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preferentially infects some CD4+ CD45RO+ memory T cells has implications for antiviral immunity and pathogenesis. We report that differential expression of a novel secreted factor, ps20, previously implicated in tissue remodeling, may underlie why some CD4 T cells are preferentially targeted. We show that (i) there is a significant positive correlation between endogenous ps20 mRNA in diverse CD4 T-cell populations and in vitro infection, (ii) a ps20+ permissive cell can be made less permissive by antibody blockade- or small-interference RNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous ps20, and (iii) conversely, a ps20low cell can be more permissive by adding ps20 exogenously or engineering stable ps20 expression by retroviral transduction. ps20 expression is normally detectable in CD4 T cells after in vitro activation and interleukin-2 expansion, and such oligoclonal populations comprise ps20positive and ps20low/negative isogenic clones at an early differentiation stage (CD45RO+/CD25+/CD28+/CD57−). This pattern is altered in chronic HIV infection, where ex vivo CD4+ CD45RO+ T cells express elevated ps20. ps20 promoted HIV entry via fusion and augmented CD54 integrin expression; both of these effects were reversed by anti-ps20 antibody. We therefore propose ps20 to be a novel signature of HIV-permissive CD4 T cells that promotes infection in an autocrine and paracrine manner and that HIV has coopted a fundamental role of ps20 in promoting cell adhesion for its benefit. Disrupting the ps20 pathway may therefore provide a novel anti-HIV strategy.

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