scholarly journals Effect of Topical Phenylephrine 2.5% on Episcleral Venous Pressure in Normal Human Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Arash Kazemi ◽  
Jay W. McLaren ◽  
Arthur J. Sit
Keyword(s):  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Episcleral Venous Pressure ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Human Eyes

scholarly journals Comparison of corneal irregular astigmatism by the type of corneal regular astigmatism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Ueno ◽  
Risa Nomura ◽  
Takahiro Hiraoka ◽  
Katsuhito Kinoshita ◽  
Mutsuko Ohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Fourier Harmonic ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
Topography Data ◽  
Irregular Astigmatism

AbstractWe investigated the relation between corneal regular and irregular astigmatism in normal human eyes. In 951 eyes of 951 patients, corneal irregular astigmatism, such as asymmetry and higher-order irregularity components, was calculated using the Fourier harmonic analysis of corneal topography data within the central 3-mm zone of the anterior corneal surface. The eyes were classified by the type of corneal regular astigmatism into four groups; minimum (< 0.75 diopters), with-the-rule (WTR), against-the-rule (ATR), and oblique astigmatism. The mean age was significantly different among the four groups (P < 0.001); patients with WTR astigmatism were the youngest, followed by those with minimum, oblique, and ATR astigmatism. Significant inter-group differences were found among the four groups in asymmetry (P = 0.005) and higher-order irregularity components (P < 0.001); the largest was in eyes with oblique astigmatism, followed by ATR, WTR, and minimum astigmatism. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that corneal regular astigmatism pattern significantly influenced the amount of corneal irregular astigmatism after controlling for confounding factors (P < 0.001). Corneal irregular astigmatism, such as asymmetry and higher order irregularity components, was the largest in eyes with oblique astigmatism, followed by those with ATR, WTR, and minimum astigmatism, even after adjustment for age of subjects.

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