scholarly journals Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-Mechanism Adult Population Study: Phoria Adaptation Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ayushi Sangoi ◽  
Mitchell Scheiman ◽  
Chang Yaramothu ◽  
Elio M. Santos ◽  
Suril Gohel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Phoria Adaptation

scholarly journals Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism in Adult Population Study Randomized Clinical Trial: Clinical Outcome Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069
Author(s):  
Tara L. Alvarez ◽  
Mitchell Scheiman ◽  
Elio M. Santos ◽  
Chang Yaramothu ◽  
John Vito d'Antonio-Bertagnolli
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency

scholarly journals Underlying neurological mechanisms associated with symptomatic convergence insufficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara L. Alvarez ◽  
Mitchell Scheiman ◽  
Cristian Morales ◽  
Suril Gohel ◽  
Ayushi Sangoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Oculomotor Vermis ◽  
Phoria Adaptation ◽  
Near Work ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
Normal Controls

AbstractConvergence insufficiency (CI) is the most common binocular vision problem, associated with blurred/double vision, headaches, and sore eyes that are exacerbated when doing prolonged near work, such as reading. The Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism Adult Population Study (NCT03593031) investigates the mechanistic neural differences between 50 binocularly normal controls (BNC) and 50 symptomatic CI participants by examining the fast and slow fusional disparity vergence systems. The fast fusional system is preprogrammed and is assessed with convergence peak velocity. The slow fusional system optimizes vergence effort and is assessed by measuring the phoria adaptation magnitude and rate. For the fast fusional system, significant differences are observed between the BNC and CI groups for convergence peak velocity, final position amplitude, and functional imaging activity within the secondary visual cortex, right cuneus, and oculomotor vermis. For the slow fusional system, the phoria adaptation magnitude and rate, and the medial cuneus functional activity, are significantly different between the groups. Significant correlations are observed between vergence peak velocity and right cuneus functional activity (p = 0.002) and the rate of phoria adaptation and medial cuneus functional activity (p = 0.02). These results map the brain-behavior of vergence. Future therapeutic interventions may consider implementing procedures that increase cuneus activity for this debilitating disorder.

scholarly journals The interaction of dyslipidaemia with glycaemia in an adult population study

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Cuschieri ◽  
Josanne Vassallo ◽  
Neville Calleja ◽  
Christopher Barbara ◽  
Julian Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Adult Population

Vergence Eye Movements

2015 ◽  
pp. 520-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. John Leigh ◽  
David S. Zee
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Frontal Eye Field ◽  
Pontine Nuclei ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
Phoria Adaptation ◽  
Visual Cortical

This chapter reviews the stimuli for vergence, the properties of fusional and accommodative vergence, as well as vergence made in combination with saccades or vestibular eye movements, or blinks. Different properties of horizontal, vertical, and torsional vergence are discussed. Current models are presented to account for interactions between vergence and saccades. The neural substrate for vergence movements is reviewed from ocular motoneurons to the midbrain supraoculomotor area, to visual cortical areas such as MST and frontal eye field, including pontine nuclei, cerebellar vermis, and fastigial nucleus. Adaptive properties of vergence are reviewed, especially phoria adaptation, discussing the role of the cerebellum. The bedside and laboratory evaluation of vergence is summarized and the pathophysiology of disorders of vergence discussed, including developmental disorders associated with childhood strabismus and acquired disorders such as convergence spasm, convergence insufficiency, vergence forms of nystagmus such as convergence-retraction nystagmus, and effects of focal pontine lesions.

scholarly journals Daily Bisphenol A Excretion and Associations with Sex Hormone Concentrations: Results from the InCHIANTI Adult Population Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 1603-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Galloway ◽  
Riccardo Cipelli ◽  
Jack Guralnik ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
Stefania Bandinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sex Hormone

scholarly journals FRI0577 VITAMIN D LEVEL IN HEALTHY CANARIAN ADULT POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 892.2-892
Author(s):  
A. García Dorta ◽  
H. D. Marta ◽  
L. Medina Vega ◽  
J. J. Villacampa Jiménez ◽  
J. J. Bethencourt Baute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Solar Radiation

Background:Vitamin D (VitD) was first used to treat rickets in children in depressed urban areas of England, due to malnutrition and lower sun exposure. During the last decade its use has become widespread in western societies because it has been associated with lower risk of suffering from multiple diseases and there is also a lack of consensus in establishing adequate levels for the general population. Regarding the beneficial effects of VitD, well-designed current observational studies are calling them into question and many authors believe that levels of 30 ng/mL, adopted as optimal, are overestimated1-2. All this has led many individuals who come to our consultations to use supplements without scientific evidence of their benefits.Objectives:The main objective was to determine the distribution of VitD levels in the healthy canarian population, an area with high solar radiation and stratified according to demographic factors (age, sex and place of residence). As a secondary objective, the study was established to determine prevalence of hyperparathyroidism hypercalcemic in the canarian population.Methods:Cross-sectional population study to determine VitD levels in healthy subjects. The EPIRCAN study screen was used, a population study carried out between 2004 and 2005 to determine the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in the Canary Islands. In 949 serums, the levels of VitD, phosphorus and calcium were determined, as well as Parathyroid hormone (PTH), only in which calcium levels were >10,4 mg/dl. Data were analysed according to demographic characteristics, comorbidities and medication. For the statistical analysis the SPSS was used.Results:The sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex and rural/urban population) of the 949 samples were representative of the Canarian population in the period studied according to data of the ISTAC (Canary Institute of Statistics) with a level of accuracy of 0.7 ng/ml for the vitD and a confidence level of 95%. Healthy (n=876, 92.3%) and sick subjects (n= 73, 7.7%) (renal failure, dialysis, Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, osteoporosis, calcium supplements, vitD, bisphosphonates or calcitonin). The median and Interquartile range of vitD levels in the entire population studied was 26.3 (20.9-32.9) ng/ml. The VitD levels distribution of healthy population was: 66% were below 30 ng/ml,23% were below 20 mg/ml and 4% were below 12,5 ng/ml. According to the age groups, sex and location: women versus men have 2.8 ng/ml less VitD (CI95%: 1.487;4.177). As the age increases the VitD values decrease; those aged 20-45 with respect to ≥65 years have 5.5 ng/ml more (CI95%: 3.574;7.592), those 45-65 years old have 2.397 ng/ml more (CI95% 0.255;4.539) with respect to ≥65 years, being statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the rural and urban population. The prevalence of hyperparathyroidism hypercalcemic was 0.2%.Conclusion:In the healthy population, baseline levels of VitD are higher in men than in women and tend to decrease with age. Due to the distribution of VitD levels in a healthy population, in an area of high sun exposure, seems to be more reasonable to establish the optimal VitD levels in the general population at 20 ng/ml instead of the established 30 mg/ml.References:[1] F. Wu et al. Cut-points for associations between vitamin D status and multiple musculoskeletal outcomes in middle-aged women. (2017). Osteoporosis International; Volume 28, Issue 2, pp 505–515.[2] E. Manson, J. (2016). Vitamin D Deficiency — Is There Really a Pandemic? The New England Journal of Medicine, pp.75;19.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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